{"id":922,"date":"2008-05-13T20:57:37","date_gmt":"2008-05-13T18:57:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.mehmetcanyuece.com\/2008\/05\/13\/qhicbir-vakit-tam-karanlik-degil-geceq-temel-demirer\/"},"modified":"2008-05-13T20:57:37","modified_gmt":"2008-05-13T18:57:37","slug":"qhicbir-vakit-tam-karanlik-degil-geceq-temel-demirer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/qhicbir-vakit-tam-karanlik-degil-geceq-temel-demirer\/","title":{"rendered":"“H\u0130\u00c7B\u0130R VAK\u0130T TAM KARANLIK DE\u011e\u0130L GECE” \/ TEMEL DEM\u0130RER"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>117 Minute, 34 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>

“Ubi dubium ibi libertas.”[1] \/ <\/em><\/b>Ankara 2’inci Asliye Ceza mahkemesindeki, TCK 301 ile 216. maddelerinden cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmam istendi\u011fi 6 Mart 2008 tarihli duru\u015fmadan[2]<\/em><\/b> bu yana, davaya ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler oldu.<\/p>\n

Bu durumdan hareketle, dava konusu olay ve olgulara ili\u015fkin kanaatlerimi heyetinize iletmek istiyorum…<\/p>\n

TCK 301 T\u00dcLUATI<\/strong><\/p>\n

“Derin olan kuyu de\u011fil<\/p>\n

k\u0131sa olan iptir.”[3]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede TCK 301’de “revizyon”a gidildi; olup-bit(mey)en b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle bir t\u00fcluat\u0131 and\u0131r\u0131yordu…<\/p>\n

Denilene g\u00f6re, “AB 301. madde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden[4]<\/em><\/b> memnun”MU\u015e![5]<\/em><\/b> (B\u00f6ylelikle AB’nin demokrasi ve demokratikle\u015fmeden ne anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kez daha tescillenmi\u015f oldu.)<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, TCK’nin 301 maddesinin “de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi” konusunda “T\u00fcrkiye’de demokrasinin olgunla\u015fmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinin ad\u0131mlar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum,”[6]<\/em><\/b> diyen Elif \u015eafak da AB’den farkl\u0131 bir tav\u0131r sergilemiyor!<\/p>\n

TCK 301’in magazin malzemesi bile oldu\u011fu[7]<\/em><\/b> karga\u015fada ben, kendi hesab\u0131ma bu “de\u011fi\u015fiklik” t\u00fcluat\u0131na da “Hay\u0131r” diyorum…<\/p>\n

TCK 301, liberaller i\u00e7in olmasa da, ger\u00e7ek muhalifler i\u00e7in yerli yerinde duruyor.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin TCK 301 davalar\u0131 tam istim devam ederken; Adalet Bakan\u0131 Mehmet Ali \u015eahin’in verdi\u011fi bilgiye g\u00f6re 301’den 2006’da a\u00e7\u0131lan 835 davada bin 314 san\u0131k h\u00e2kim kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 2007’nin ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131nda ise 744 davada bin 189 san\u0131k yarg\u0131land\u0131,[8]<\/em><\/b> ve bu durum tam istim s\u00fcr\u00fcyor…<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin polis ate\u015fiyle ba\u015f\u0131ndan vurularak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Baran Tursun’un ailesinin, “301’lik” olmas\u0131 gibi… Mahkemede kalem k\u0131ran Mehmet Tursun, e\u015fi Berrin Tursun ve san\u0131k polis memuruna yumurta f\u0131rlatan abla \u015eelale Tursun hakk\u0131nda Kar\u015f\u0131yaka 3. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’nde, TCK’n\u0131n 301. maddesi uyar\u0131nca “Yarg\u0131 g\u00f6revini yapan\u0131 etkileme, tehdit, hakaret, TC h\u00fck\u00fcmetini, yarg\u0131 organlar\u0131n\u0131, askeri ve emniyet te\u015fkil\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 alenen a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama” su\u00e7undan dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca da yarg\u0131ya g\u00fcvenmediklerini s\u00f6yleyen aile hakk\u0131nda, \u0130HD \u00fcyeleriyle yapt\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar nedeniyle yine 301’inci maddeden bir de Kar\u015f\u0131yaka 5’inci Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’nde dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131![9]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca Reuters’e “Bu soyk\u0131r\u0131md\u0131r” dedi\u011fi i\u00e7in TCK 301’den yarg\u0131lanan Hrant Dink’le ilgili su\u00e7lama, \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc; ama ayn\u0131 davada yarg\u0131lanan o\u011flu Arat Dink’e ise \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l hapis istendi![10]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu arada daha da ilgin\u00e7 (g\u00fcl\u00fcnesi) \u015feyler de oldu: Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Derne\u011fi (ADD) Isparta \u015eubesi ve Ulusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Birli\u011fi Platformu’nun Isparta’da 4 Mart’ta Devrim Yasalar\u0131’n\u0131n 84’\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc nedeniyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 okuyan ADD Isparta \u015eube Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Mahmut \u00d6zy\u00fcrek hakk\u0131nda 301. madde ve Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131’na hakaret su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Isparta Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131s\u0131 Hayrettin T\u0131zlak taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan iddianamede \u00d6zy\u00fcrek’in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n incelendi\u011fi belirtildi. \u0130nceleme sonucunda \u00d6zy\u00fcrek’in, “Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131’na alenen hakaret etmek, T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Cumhuriyeti, devletin kurum ve organlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lay\u0131p, halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik ve sevk etme” su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi\u011fi, bu nedenle hakk\u0131nda Isparta Asliye Mahkemesi’nde TCK’nin 299, 301 ve 216’nc\u0131 maddeleri uyar\u0131nca dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurguland\u0131.[11]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u015eu g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmesin; ad\u0131 301 olur ya da olmaz; ancak bu rejim 301’siz bir zihniyet ve prati\u011fi olmadan olmaz; 301 zihniyet ve prati\u011fi, rejimin “olmazsa olmaz”\u0131d\u0131r!<\/em>[12]<\/em><\/b><\/em><\/p>\n

“Neden” mi? Gayet basit, 301’in nereden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve nereye geldi\u011fine g\u00f6z atmak yeter de artar bile!<\/p>\n

Fa\u015fist nitelikli \u0130talyan Ceza Kanunu’nu kaynak alarak olu\u015fturulan T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. TCK’nin 159’uncu maddesi ile “T\u00fcrkl\u00fck, T\u00fcrk Milleti, T\u00fcrk Devleti, TBMM, H\u00fck\u00fcmet, Yarg\u0131, Ordu ve Emniyet” koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. 1936’da Cumhuriyet’i tahkir etmek de madde kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tahkirin yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkede bir T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda cezan\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1946’da kovu\u015fturma i\u00e7in Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’ndan “izin alma” \u015fart\u0131 getirildi. 2002’de ise “ele\u015ftirilerin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131” maddeye eklendi. Son de\u011fi\u015fiklik \u2018uyum yasalar\u0131’ \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin ard\u0131ndan yeni TCK \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131 ve haz\u0131rlanan kanun 2005’te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Zinan\u0131n su\u00e7 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na odaklanan kamuoyu ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcne set \u00e7eken ceza maddelerini g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131. Bunlardan birisi de kolayca uygulanan eski TCK 159’un modern versiyonu TCK 301’di. Madde, yeni h\u00e2liyle \u00e7ok daha kolay uygulan\u0131r h\u00e2le getirildi. Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’ndan “izin \u015fart\u0131” kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve “tahkir ve tezyif” yerine “a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamak” kavram\u0131 getirilerek maddenin kapsam\u0131 geni\u015fletildi.<\/p>\n

Devleti kutsayan, bireyi yok sayan totaliter\/ otokratik zihniyetin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan bu madde, 159’ken de 301’ken de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klayan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda oldu ve olmaya devam ediyor. 80 y\u0131ldan beri de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek denenen bu maddede h\u00fck\u00fcmet, yine de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmak istiyor ve bu bize Sicilyal\u0131 Prens Lanpedusa’n\u0131n “Hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi de\u011fi\u015ftirmemek i\u00e7in her \u015feyi de\u011fi\u015ftirmek gerekiyordu,” s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte, TCK 159\/301 ma\u011fdurlar\u0131ndan akl\u0131ma bir \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131da gelen isimler:<\/p>\n

Ahmet \u00d6nal (Yay\u0131nc\u0131), Bask\u0131n Oran (Akademisyen), Burak Bekdil (Gazeteci), Celal Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 (Gazeteci), C\u00fcneyt Arcay\u00fcrek (Gazeteci), Elif \u015eafak (Yazar), Emin Karaca (Yazar), Ercan Kanar (Avukat), Eren Keskin (Avukat), Erol Kat\u0131rc\u0131o\u011flu (Akademisyen), Erol \u00d6zkoray (Gazeteci), Faruk \u00c7ak\u0131r (Gazeteci), Fatih Ta\u015f (Yay\u0131nc\u0131), Ferhat Tun\u00e7 (M\u00fczisyen), Fikret Ba\u015fkaya (Akademisyen), Haluk \u015eahin (Akademisyen), Hasan Cemal (Gazeteci), Hrant Dink (Gazeteci), \u0130brahim Kabo\u011flu (Akademisyen), \u0130smail Be\u015fik\u00e7i (Sosyolog), \u0130smet Berkan (Gazeteci), Mehmet Emin Sert (Yay\u0131nc\u0131), Mehmet Pamak (Yazar), Murat Belge (Akademisyen), Murat Papu\u00e7 (Emekli Subay), M\u00fcnir Ceylan (Sendikac\u0131), Orhan Pamuk (Yazar), Rag\u0131p Zarakolu (Yay\u0131nc\u0131), Sinan Kara (Gazeteci), \u015eanar Yurdatapan (M\u00fczisyen), Tuncay \u00d6zkan (Gazeteci), Z\u00fclk\u00fcf K\u0131\u015fanak (Gazeteci)…<\/p>\n

S\u00fcreklili\u011fi daim olan TCK 301’ler t\u00fckenmez, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu bir rejim sorunudur!<\/p>\n

T\u0131pk\u0131 \u0130HD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 H\u00fcsn\u00fc \u00d6nd\u00fcl’\u00fcn i\u015faret etti\u011fi \u00fczere: “Ceza hukukunun \u2018Kanunsuz su\u00e7 ve ceza olmaz’ evrensel ilkesini bir tarafa b\u0131rak\u0131p, eski T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu’nun 163. maddesinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra ayn\u0131 \u2018su\u00e7lar!?’ i\u00e7in, \u2018ne yapal\u0131m 163. Madde kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, biz de 312. maddeyi uyguluyoruz’ diyen zihniyet de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015fse, bu defa 301. madde de\u011fil, ba\u015fka maddeler uygulanacakt\u0131r.”[13]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bask\u0131n Oran’\u0131n, “TCK 301’in, \u2018din’ ve \u2018\u0131rk ayr\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131’ \u00f6zelliklerine dikkat \u00e7ekti”\u011fi[14]<\/em><\/b> koordinatlarda \u015furas\u0131 \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k: “TCK 301. maddesinde T\u00fcrkl\u00fck yerine T\u00fcrk Milleti ve Cumhuriyet yerine T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti gibi de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 soyut kavramlar \u00fczerinden su\u00e7 yaratmaya devam etmek demektir. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n ise ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yok etti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.”[15]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

“301. madde ne \u015fekilde kaleme al\u0131n\u0131rsa al\u0131ns\u0131n, hatta kald\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n, biz ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7selle\u015ftirmedik\u00e7e maalesef ba\u015fka 301’ler mutlaka bulunacakt\u0131r.”[16]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Kimse ink\u00e2ra kalk\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n; olup-bit(mey)en “Kapitalizm ile demokrasi birbiri ile uzla\u015fmaz” diyen Marksist akademisyen Ellen Meiksins Wood’un saptamalar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r: “E\u011fer birileri sadece 301 gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc engelleyen yasalar\u0131 savunuyor ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc savunmuyor, bunu g\u00fcndemlerine ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yorlarsa, onlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na \u2018sol’ demek i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir neden g\u00f6rm\u00fcyorum. Sadece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc savunmak yetmez, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn belli bir ama\u00e7 u\u011fruna kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da desteklemek gerekir. Bu ama\u00e7lardan biri sosyal devletin geni\u015flemesi ise, di\u011feri de metala\u015fman\u0131n tersine d\u00f6nmesidir.”<\/em>[17]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Tekrar ediyorum; “de\u011fi\u015fti” denilen TCK 301’de de\u011fi\u015fen bir \u015fey s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir!<\/p>\n

“Bu madde bu durumuyla ve bu gerek\u00e7e ile asla y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmemeli” diyen Yarg\u0131tay Onursal Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sel\u00e7uk, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 G\u00fcl’den 301. Maddenin Meclis’e iadesini istedi.[18]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi yarg\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131ndan R\u0131za T\u00fcrmen de, 301 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini kozmetik olarak nitelerken, “301. madde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi i\u00e7in \u2018T\u00fcrkl\u00fck m\u00fc, T\u00fcrk milleti mi’ ifadelerinin \u00f6neminin nerede oldu\u011funu anlayabilmi\u015f de\u011filim. Bunlar zaten yoruma a\u00e7\u0131k su\u00e7lar. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler bana biraz kozmetik geliyor,”[19]<\/em><\/b> diyor…<\/p>\n

Hay\u0131r bir \u015feyi \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131yor de\u011filiz; \u00d6rne\u011fin Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Cemil \u00c7i\u00e7ek, 301. madde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile ilgili “Su\u00e7 unsurunda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yok. \u00d6nemli olan husus, bu tip davalar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n veya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden devam\u0131n\u0131n izne ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131,” diyor!<\/em>[20]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Durum, tam\u0131 tam\u0131na budur; b\u00f6yledir!<\/p>\n

Bu tabloda Hrant Dink’in avukat\u0131 Erdal Do\u011fan yap\u0131lan “de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin” Hrant Dink’in yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcrecini ba\u015flatan 159’uncu maddeden hi\u00e7bir fark\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgusuyla, “Mevcut 301’in bir makyajla eski h\u00e2le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f h\u00e2lidir. Bu madde ve buna benzer 305 ve di\u011ferlerinin ceza yasam\u0131zdan toptan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekirken, yap\u0131lan bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik kamuoyunu ve AB s\u00fcrecine muhatap kesimleri aldatmaktan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir” dedi.<\/p>\n

301. maddeden h\u00e2len yarg\u0131lanmaya devam eden Rag\u0131p Zarakolu da, madde \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin AB bask\u0131s\u0131 sonucu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi ve g\u00fcn\u00fc kurtarma tutumunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir de\u011fi\u015fim i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi<\/em>[21]<\/em><\/b> vurgusuyla ekledi: “301’den yarg\u0131lanan 700’\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnde insan var. Bu durum 301’in ne kadar sorunlu bir madde oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131. Deniliyor ki art\u0131k 301 davalar\u0131 Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n ya da Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n iznine tabi olsun. Yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131m dava Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n izniyle a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Durum de\u011fi\u015fmeyecek”!<\/em>[22]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Kald\u0131 ki “Hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131n 301’den fazla sorun \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi 305. maddenin yeni TCK yap\u0131l\u0131rken d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belki 301’den bile daha yak\u0131c\u0131 olabilece\u011fine, K\u00fcrt ve Ermeni sorununda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm istemenin… bu maddeden cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor”ken;[23]<\/em><\/b> TCK 301’e parlamento makyaj\u0131[24]<\/em><\/b> hi\u00e7 ama hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi de\u011fi\u015ftirmemi\u015ftir, buna muktedir de\u011fildir…<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fclmesi gerek: “AKP’li Hakk\u0131 K\u00f6yl\u00fc, 301’in \u2018s\u00fcbap’ bir madde ve sigorta oldu\u011funu belirterek, \u2018Bu madde kaosu ve anar\u015fiyi \u00f6nler. Yeter ki, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler ve demokrasi nazara al\u0131narak dikkatle uygulanabilsin,’ dedi.<\/em><\/p>\n

K\u00f6yl\u00fc TCK’da \u2018\u015eerefe Kar\u015f\u0131 Su\u00e7lar’ b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc alt\u0131nda 125. madde’yle \u2018hakaret’ su\u00e7unun d\u00fczenlendi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekerek, \u2018Bu maddeyle ki\u015filer de dava a\u00e7abilir. 301 olmazsa, 125. madde devreye girer,’ dedi…”<\/em>[25]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Denilenlere dikkat edin; bunlar size neyin de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini de\u011fil; de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fini ve de\u011fi\u015femeyece\u011fini -yeterince net- anlatm\u0131yor mu?<\/em><\/p>\n

Avrupa Konseyi Genel Sekreteri Terry Davis’in, “Atat\u00fcrk TCK 301’e ge\u00e7it vermezdi,”[26]<\/em><\/b> palavralar\u0131na prim vermeden;[27]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

“AKP’nin de\u011fi\u015fiklik teklifinin 301’in ruhunu korumaya y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu”nun;[28]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

AB Uyum Komisyonu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 AKP’li Ya\u015far Yak\u0131\u015f’\u0131n, \u0130sve\u00e7li parlamenterlere, 301. madde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n;[29]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

“TCK 301. maddenin \u2018virg\u00fcl\u00fcne’ bile dokunulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan MHP y\u00f6netiminin, ba\u015flat\u0131lacak kar\u015f\u0131 kampanya i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 milyon YTL’lik bir kaynak ay\u0131rd\u0131”\u011f\u0131n\u0131n;[30]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

“CHP’nin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engellerden biri oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle ele\u015ftirilen TCK 301. maddesine sahip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131”n\u0131n;[31]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

SHP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Murat Karayal\u00e7\u0131n’\u0131n, “301. maddenin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan yana de\u011filiz. Ama de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinden yanay\u0131z,”[32]<\/em><\/b> dedi\u011finin;<\/p>\n

DTP Grup Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ahmet T\u00fcrk’\u00fcn, “makyajla” yetinildi\u011fini savundu\u011fu TCK’nin 301. maddesinde yap\u0131lacak de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe destek vermediklerini belirterek, “Hrant Dink’in katili” olarak nitelendirdi\u011fi 301’in t\u00fcmden kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011finin;[33]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Financial Times gazetesinin de, “Mussolini’nin fa\u015fist yasalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnek alan 301’de yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklik yetersiz. Erdo\u011fan meseleyi yeniden ele almal\u0131; madde tepeden t\u0131rna\u011fa de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeli veya t\u00fcm\u00fcyle kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131,”[34]<\/em><\/b> dedi\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zenle \u00e7izerek \u00dcmit Karda\u015f’\u0131n, “Yurtta\u015flar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemelerine olanak vermek i\u00e7in yeterli a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kta d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015f bir norm [TCK 301 ve 305 gibi-y.n.], hukuk olarak kabul edilemez,”[35]<\/em><\/b> saptamas\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 ifade etmeliyim…<\/p>\n

Hay\u0131r; TCK 301’den yarg\u0131lanan birisi olarak Adalet Bakan\u0131’n\u0131n ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne muhta\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 belirterek, bunun nedenini, Goethe’nin s\u00f6zlerine b\u0131rak\u0131yorum: “Ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc olsa olsa bir merhaledir. Hedef sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermek olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r”!<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

TCK 301’\u0130 “\u00d6RNEK”LERSEK!<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler odun k\u00fcmeleri<\/p>\n

ya da dara\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde,<\/p>\n

ate\u015f, ip ve k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ile yok edilemez.”[36]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc TCK 301 zihniyeti, resmi ideolojinin “bo\u015f inan\u0131\u015f, efsane ve iman\u0131n” eseridir! Ya da Alfred E. Smith’in, “Hukuk, demokraside az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini koruma arac\u0131d\u0131r,” saptamas\u0131n\u0131n ink\u00e2r\u0131d\u0131r!<\/p>\n

Avukat Eren Keskin’in, “TCK 301 keyfi uygulan\u0131yor,” dedi\u011fi koordinatlar; Benito Mussolini’nin, “Bo\u015f inan\u0131\u015flar ve efsaneler bir iman, bir tutkudur. Bunlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekli\u011finin olmas\u0131 gerekmez. Myth’lerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi bunlar\u0131n bir inan\u0131\u015f, bir umut, bir iman, bir cesaret kayna\u011f\u0131 olmalar\u0131ndand\u0131r,”<\/em>[37]<\/em><\/b> diye betimledi\u011fi atmosferden mal\u00fbld\u00fcr…<\/em><\/p>\n

Avukat Eren Keskin, “orduya hakaret”ten TCK 301 ile yarg\u0131lan\u0131rken; ayn\u0131 s\u00f6zler i\u00e7in Kartal 3. ve 5. Asliye Ceza’da a\u00e7\u0131lan ayr\u0131 davalardan birinde beraat, di\u011ferinde de mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 ald\u0131…<\/em><\/p>\n

Evet, evet tam da b\u00f6yle…<\/em><\/p>\n

Eski Adalet Bakan\u0131 Cemil \u00c7i\u00e7ek’in “Uygulamay\u0131 g\u00f6relim” diyerek sahip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 301. maddenin avukat Eren Keskin’e uygulan\u0131\u015f\u0131 skandala d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Keskin’e, alt\u0131 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir konu\u015fma nedeniyle “Orduya hakaretten”, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 bi\u00e7imde iki dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. \u00dcstelik iki davan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc adresler de ayn\u0131yd\u0131: Kartal Adliyesi. Kartal 3. ve 5. Asliye Ceza mahkemelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu iki davadan \u00e7\u0131kan kararlar da, uygulamadaki garabeti ortaya koydu: 5. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi “Beraat” derken, 3. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi 10 ay hapis cezas\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130HD \u015eube Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak gitti\u011fi K\u00f6ln’de, 16 Mart 2002 g\u00fcn\u00fc bir konferansa kat\u0131lan Keskin, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: “T\u00fcrkiye’de ordu ticaretin i\u00e7ine girmi\u015f, banka sat\u0131n al\u0131yor, silahla sermaye ayn\u0131 elde toplan\u0131yor. \u00dclke sivil g\u00fc\u00e7ler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmedik\u00e7e kad\u0131n sorunlar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmez. Asker cinsel taciz uyguluyor. \u0130\u015fkence olsun diye evli kad\u0131nlara bile bek\u00e2ret testi yap\u0131l\u0131yor.”<\/p>\n

Keskin’in bu s\u00f6zleri T\u00fcrkiye’de bas\u0131nda yer al\u0131nca ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Prof. Dr. Necla Arat’\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yeti \u00fczerine Ba\u011fc\u0131lar 2. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’nde dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Bir y\u0131l sonra ise Emniyet’in ihbar\u0131 \u00fczerine savc\u0131l\u0131k Kartal 5. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’nde bir dava daha a\u00e7t\u0131. \u0130ki ayr\u0131 davada eski TCK’n\u0131n 159, yeni TCK’n\u0131n da 301. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen, \u2018T\u00fcrk Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetlerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamak’ su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla y\u0131llarca s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bu arada, Ba\u011fc\u0131lar 2. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’ndeki dava “G\u00f6revsizlik” karar\u0131yla Kartal’a g\u00f6nderildi. Bu a\u015famada hukuken iki dosyan\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesi gerekirken, Ba\u011fc\u0131lar’dan gelen dosya Kartal 3. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’nde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki davadan en erken sonu\u00e7lanan, daha sonradan CHP \u0130stanbul Milletvekili olan Arat’\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yetiyle Kartal 3. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’ndeki yarg\u0131lamayd\u0131. Mahkeme, 14 Mart 2006’da verdi\u011fi kararda Keskin’i 301’den 10 ay hapis ve para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Keskin, karar\u0131 temyize g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Yarg\u0131tay 9. Ceza Dairesi, 22 Ekim 2007’de karar\u0131 bozdu. Son duru\u015fma, 10 Nisan 2008’de g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Keskin, hakaret etmedi\u011fini, sadece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunurken, h\u00e2kim Servet Kartal, 301. maddedeki de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin beklenmesine karar verip duru\u015fmay\u0131 22 May\u0131s 2008’e erteledi.<\/p>\n

Oysa ayn\u0131 savunma, Kartal 3. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’nin kom\u015fusu Kartal 5. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’nde yeterli ve hakl\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Kartal 5. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi 25 Temmuz 2007’de verdi\u011fi kararda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve ifade h\u00fcrriyeti i\u00e7in \u00f6rnek olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu. Bilirki\u015fi Prof. Dr. Ahmet G\u00f6k\u00e7e’nin, “S\u00f6zler sert ele\u015ftiridir. \u0130fade h\u00fcrriyeti kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r” g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmi\u015f, Keskin de beraat etmi\u015fti…[38]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Evet durum bu; ve TCK 301 de bu \u00f6rnekte g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi bir \u015fey!<\/em><\/p>\n

Bilmem anlatabildim mi?<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu durum bana Jean Jacques Rousseau’nun, “Kelimenin tam anlam\u0131yla ger\u00e7ek bir demokrasi hi\u00e7 bir zaman varolmad\u0131 ve varolmayacakt\u0131r”; Pierre-Joseph Proudhon’un, “Demokrasi gizli bir aristokrasidir”; Ovid’in, “Parlamentonun kap\u0131lar\u0131 fakirlere kapal\u0131d\u0131r,” s\u00f6zlerini an\u0131msat\u0131rken sormal\u0131y\u0131m: Haks\u0131z m\u0131y\u0131m?!<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“\u0130NSAN HAK(SIZLIK)LARI MI?” DED\u0130N\u0130Z!<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“If the cap fits, wear it.”[39]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Hakl\u0131y\u0131m! \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc “demokrasi”, “insan hak(s\u0131zl\u0131klar)\u0131” ad\u0131na sergilenen fiiliyat, bana hakl\u0131 oldu\u011fumu g\u00f6steriyor![40]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

“Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 G\u00fcl’\u00fcn bo\u015f bulunan H\u00e2kimler ve Savc\u0131lar Y\u00fcksek Kurulu \u00fcyeli\u011fi i\u00e7in tercihini F tipi cezaevlerinin mimarlar\u0131ndan ve Hayata D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Operasyonu’nda Cezaevleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olan Ali Suat Ertosun oldu”\u011funun[41]<\/em><\/b> alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izip, h\u0131zla s\u0131ralayay\u0131m:<\/p>\n

\u00b0 B\u0130A’n\u0131n \u20182007 Medya G\u00f6zlem Raporu’nun verilerine g\u00f6re, \u015eubat ila Nisan 2008 kesitinde 186 ki\u015fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc mahkemelik oldu.<\/p>\n

2008 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131nda 71’i gazeteci toplam 186 ki\u015finin 92 davadan yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 301. maddeden 12 yeni dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu \u00fc\u00e7 ayda 42 ki\u015fi 301’den mahkemelik oldu, bunlardan 12’sine y\u00f6nelik su\u00e7lama yeniydi: Ali Haydar G\u00fcne\u015f, Esma Yavuz, Sabit \u00c7i\u00e7ek, \u015eahin K\u00f6seda\u011f\u0131, Nadide Toker, Ali Bozk\u0131na, Can Aydemir Sezer, Atilla Aka, Esra S\u00f6nmez, Nihal Samsun, Nurettin Demirta\u015f, Selma Irmak, M. Kemal \u00c7elik, Aytekin Dal, M. Sad\u0131k Aksoy, M. Re\u015fat Yi\u011fiz, Temel Demirer, Banu Uzpeder, Ahmet \u015e\u0131k, Mahmut Al\u0131nak ve Ahmet T\u00fcrk. Bu d\u00f6nemde bir tek Ali R\u0131za Vural beraat etti. T\u00fcm 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu say\u0131 55 idi.<\/p>\n

301’in uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemde 120’den fazla gazeteci, yay\u0131nc\u0131, aktivist ve siyaset\u00e7i yarg\u0131land\u0131. Ancak Adalet Bakan\u0131 Mehmet Ali \u015eahin, 2006’te 12’si \u00e7ocuk toplam bin 533 ki\u015fiye 835 dava, 2007’nin ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131nda da bin 189 ki\u015fiye 744 dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.[42]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu i\u015fin bir yan\u0131, \u00f6teki(leri)ne ge\u00e7ersek:<\/p>\n

\u00b0 T\u00fcrkiye’de 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u015fkence g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iddias\u0131yla 452 ki\u015fi T\u00fcrkiye \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Vakf\u0131’na (T\u0130HV) ba\u015fvurdu. \u0130\u015fkence g\u00f6r\u00fclen kurum ve yerler ile i\u015fkencenin \u015fiddetine de de\u011finilen raporda, k\u00f6t\u00fc muamelenin en \u00e7ok karakollarda, a\u00e7\u0131k havada ve sokakta g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi ve bu yerlerde en a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fkence t\u00fcrlerine rastlanmas\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Salahiyetleri Kanunu’nda (PVSK) yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi tekrar g\u00fcndeme getirdi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de ba\u015fta ya\u015fam hakk\u0131, i\u015fkence yasa\u011f\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olmak \u00fczere ciddi insan haklar\u0131 ihl\u00e2lleri gereken yasal \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in h\u00e2len devam ediyor. \u0130\u015fkence ve k\u00f6t\u00fc muamelede art\u0131\u015f anlam\u0131na gelen hak ihl\u00e2llerinin \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 TH\u0130V Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezleri’nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan raporla da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u0130HV’nin \u0130stanbul, Ankara, \u0130zmir, Adana ve Diyarbak\u0131r olmak \u00fczere be\u015f kentte bulunan merkezlerine i\u015fkence g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iddias\u0131yla 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fvuran ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131 337’ydi. 2007’de ise bu rakam 293’\u00fc erkek, 159’u kad\u0131n ve 33’\u00fc \u00e7ocuk olmak \u00fczere toplam 452’yi buldu.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fkence g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iddias\u0131yla ba\u015fvuran ki\u015filerin 320’si 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc muameleye maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtirken, bu rakam\u0131n 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda 252 oldu\u011fu ifade ediliyor. Raporda dikkat \u00e7eken di\u011fer bir nokta ise i\u015fkencenin en \u00e7ok emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinde meydana geldi\u011fini say\u0131sal verilerle g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermesi. PVSK ile i\u015fkence y\u00fczde 30 oran\u0131yla emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinde, y\u00fczde 34.9 oran\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131k alanda, y\u00fczde 19 oran\u0131yla polis karakollar\u0131nda, y\u00fczde 5.2 oran\u0131yla jandarma karakolu\/komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve y\u00fczde 10.2 oran\u0131yla di\u011fer yerlerde meydana geldi\u011fi belirtiliyor.[43]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 \u00d6nemli bir ek: Kocaeli \u00dcniversitesi Adli Bilimler Anabilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. \u00dcmit Bi\u00e7er, yarg\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n, bilirki\u015filere \u00f6zel ve teknik bilgi gerektiren davalarda ge\u00e7 ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 nedeniyle, T\u00fcrkiye’de i\u015fkence su\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin “hayati tehlikesi yok” y\u00f6n\u00fcnde haz\u0131rlanan raporlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 55’inin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu belirtti![44]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Ve bir \u00f6rnek: Cinsel taciz iddias\u0131yla g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nan A.T. jandarma karakolunda i\u015fkenceye maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi ve savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulundu… A.T., taciz olay\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine savc\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7a serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Karakolda kendisine i\u015fkence yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcren A.T., adliyeye gidip adlar\u0131n\u0131 bilmedi\u011fi ancak g\u00f6r\u00fcnce te\u015fhis edebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fi bir astsubay ile 10 asker hakk\u0131nda su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulundu… Karakolda derdini anlatamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen A.T. “Beni bo\u015f bir odaya koydular. Adlar\u0131n\u0131 bilmedi\u011fim, ancak, g\u00f6r\u00fcrasm tan\u0131yabilece\u011fim 10 asker ile 1 astsubay geldi. \u00d6nce beni \u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131plak soydular, sonra so\u011fuk su d\u00f6k\u00fcp i\u015fkence yapt\u0131lar. Sabah 09.00’dan 16.00’ya kadar i\u015fkence yapt\u0131lar. Askerlerin hepsinin elinde cop vard\u0131. Bir asker \u2018Kafas\u0131na torba ge\u00e7irelim, \u00fczerine pisleyelim’ dedi. Bunu yapmamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok direndim” dedi![45]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 F tipi cezaevlerine “\u0130nsani, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel standartlar sistemi uygulan\u0131yor” sav\u0131yla sahip \u00e7\u0131kan Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na, \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Hukuk\u00e7ular Derne\u011fi’nden (\u00c7HD) yan\u0131t geldi. Alt\u0131 ayr\u0131 cezaevinden 120 tutuklu ve h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcyle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclerek haz\u0131rlanan rapora g\u00f6re, avukat Behi\u00e7 A\u015f\u00e7\u0131’n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm orucunu b\u0131rakmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan haftada 10 saatlik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin 45\/1 genelge sadece Kand\u0131ra 2 No’lu F Tipi’nde, o da ancak 2.5 saat uygulan\u0131yor. Rapora g\u00f6re, di\u011fer uygulamalar da 1980’li y\u0131llar\u0131n Diyarbak\u0131r Askeri Cezaevi’ni aratm\u0131yor: Telefon ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fte T\u00fcrk\u00e7e d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda dil yasa\u011f\u0131 var, Ermeni gazete ve K\u00fcrt\u00e7e kitaba yasak konuyor, \u00e7\u0131plak aramalar yap\u0131l\u0131yor, kendini aratmayana \u015fiddet uygulan\u0131yor, dilek\u00e7eler sonu\u00e7suz kal\u0131yor…[46]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Her g\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131klar\u0131 keyfi yasaklardan bunalan Tekirda\u011f 2 Nolu F Tipi Cezaevi tutuklular\u0131n\u0131n 13 ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplayarak savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6nderdikleri su\u00e7 duyurusu dilek\u00e7esine cezaevi y\u00f6netiminin verdi\u011fi yan\u0131tlar evlere \u015fenlik. Y\u00f6netim, daha \u00f6nce \u2018mesnetsiz’ dedi\u011fi iddialarla ilgili bu kez uygun gerek\u00e7eler \u00fcretmeyi tercih etti. Cezaevi y\u00f6netiminin yan\u0131t yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, h\u00fccrelerdeki elektrik ve su kesintilerinden bile tutuklular sorumlu tutuldu. Y\u00f6netimin iddias\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00f6rg\u00fct mensuplar\u0131 su ve elektri\u011fi zarar vermek d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131s\u0131nt\u0131ya gidildi.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131da, Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n her f\u0131rsatta \u2018modern’ oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc F tipi cezaevinde doktor ve hem\u015fire bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da itiraf edildi. Tutuklular\u0131n darp edildi\u011fi iddialar\u0131 ise reddedildi. Yaz\u0131da, “Sol ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensubu h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcler, ceza infaz kurumunu karalamak amac\u0131yla as\u0131ls\u0131z iddialarla darp edildiklerine ili\u015fkin \u015fikayette bulunmaktad\u0131r” denildi. K\u00fcrt\u00e7e mektuplar\u0131n tutuklulara teslim edilmedi\u011fi, \u0131srar edenlerden ise terc\u00fcme paras\u0131 istendi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.[47]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Ve nihayet: Tunceli’de d\u00fczenlenen \u2018Anayasa’ konulu panele \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi kat\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak izleyiciler aras\u0131ndaki polis kafeye gitmek yerine paneli izleyince i\u015finden oldu.<\/p>\n

Polis Ercan Elmasta\u015f g\u00f6rev yeri Tunceli’de, izin g\u00fcn\u00fcnde, sol bir kurulu\u015fun d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u2018Anayasa’ konulu yasal panele kat\u0131l\u0131nca meslekten at\u0131ld\u0131. Soru\u015fturma dosyas\u0131na g\u00f6re Elmasta\u015f, “sosyal etkinlik olsun” diye panele kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan etse de, sinema ve kafeler varken, inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bulunmam\u0131\u015f’, \u00fcstelik \u2018konu\u015fmac\u0131lar\u0131 dikkatlice dinleyip alk\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015f’t\u0131![48]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6zetin \u00f6zeti, siz de Erdal \u015eafak gibi, “Uluslararas\u0131 hukukta \u2018\u0130nsan haklar\u0131’ tarihi eskidir: Sadece modern \u00e7a\u011flarla yetinseniz bile \u0130ngiltere’de 1215’te ilan edilen \u2018Manga Carta’dan ba\u015flar, \u2018Habeas Corpus’la (\u0130ngiltere, 1679), \u2018Bill of Rights’la (\u0130ngiltere, 1689), ABD’nin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k bildirgesiyle (1776), Frans\u0131z Devrimi s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki beyannamelerle (1789, 1793) devam eder, BM \u015eart\u0131 ve \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Bildirgesi (1945) ve BM \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Konseyi (2006) ile g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmleyebilirsiniz,”<\/em>[49]<\/em><\/b> diyebilirsiniz belki “ama” bunlar\u0131n co\u011frafyam\u0131zda bir yalan oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6lgeleyemezsiniz!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc egemenlerin d\u00fczeni budur, b\u00f6yledir…<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

D\u00dcZEN NE(D\u0130R)?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Kendini yarg\u0131lamak ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131<\/p>\n

yarg\u0131lamaktan daha zordur.”[50]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

G\u00f6rm\u00fcyor olamazs\u0131n\u0131z…<\/p>\n

“Bir \u2018m\u00fcesses nizam’\u0131n kendini koruma ve kendini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme \u00e7abas\u0131 \u015fu d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye’de seyretmekte oldu\u011fumuz bi\u00e7imleri al\u0131yorsa, bu ne anlama gelir? Bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in ne anlama gelir, yar\u0131n i\u00e7in ne gibi anlamlar i\u00e7erir?” diye soran Murat Belge ekliyor:<\/p>\n

“\u015eu ko\u015fullarda, b\u00f6yle y\u00f6ntemlerle korunan bu \u2018m\u00fcesses nizam’ neymi\u015f, ne t\u00fcr bir \u2018nizam’m\u0131\u015f, herh\u00e2lde bunu merak etmemiz, soru\u015fturmam\u0131z gerekiyor. Ama bundan \u00f6nemlisi, b\u00f6yle y\u00f6ntemlerle korunan bir \u2018m\u00fcesses nizam’\u0131n yar\u0131n neler yapaca\u011f\u0131, yapabilece\u011fi sorusu. B\u00f6yle y\u00f6ntemler \u00fczerinde oturan bir \u2018m\u00fcesses nizam’ i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayacaksak, vay h\u00e2limize!”[51]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

“M\u00fcesses nizam”\u0131n nas\u0131l korundu\u011funu en son 1 May\u0131s 2008’in \u0130stanbul’unda g\u00f6rd\u00fck, ya\u015fad\u0131k!<\/em><\/p>\n

Mesela “\u00dczerinde \u2018buldu\u011funuzda polise teslim edin’ yaz\u0131l\u0131 gaz bombas\u0131n\u0131, 1 May\u0131s 2008 olaylar\u0131 ard\u0131ndan binalar\u0131nda bulan D\u0130SK’liler, ellerinde bomba kap\u0131 kap\u0131 dola\u015ft\u0131. Pimi \u00e7ekilen bomba polisleri de korkuttu…”[52]<\/em><\/b> Ya da Polis Akademisi G\u00fcvenlik Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Prof. Dr. \u0130brahim Cerrah, 1 May\u0131s’ta orant\u0131s\u0131z g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabullendi.[53]<\/em><\/b> “Olmamas\u0131 gereken olaylar” dedi ve ekledi: “Uygulamada etik ihl\u00e2l var”![54]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6tesi ise malum!<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin Oral \u00c7al\u0131\u015flar, “\u00c7eteler bir hukuk devleti sorunudur… Bu kadar \u00e7ete hukuk devletinde olur mu?”[55]<\/em><\/b> diye sorarken hemen her\u015fey Fikret Ba\u015fkaya’n\u0131n, \u2018Ergenekon \u0130stisna De\u011fil Kurald\u0131r’ ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131, 16 Nisan 2008 tarihli yaz\u0131s\u0131nda i\u015faret etti\u011fi gibidir:<\/p>\n

“T\u00fcrkiye’de olup-bitenleri anlaman\u0131n yolu, resmi tarih ve resmi ideolojiden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, Avrupa-merkezli de olmayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Tarihsel geri plan\u0131 dikkate almayan yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla mevcut durumu bilince \u00e7\u0131karmak, olup-bitenleri anlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil… \u2018Y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k gelene\u011fi anlamak’ gerek…<\/p>\n

1982 tarihli cunta anayasas\u0131n\u0131n dibacesindeki ikinci maddede \u2018T\u00fcrkiye cumhuriyeti… bir hukuk devletidir’ deniyor. Hukuk\u00e7ular, politikac\u0131lar, devlet ricalinin y\u00fckseklerindekiler, akademisyenler, her\u015feyi bilen k\u00f6\u015fe yazarlar\u0131 da ayn\u0131 fikirde… A\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 her a\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u2018demokratik, laik, sosyal bir hukuk devleti’ oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. Elbette TC’nin bir hukuku var ve bu d\u00fcnyada hukuku olmayan bir devlet m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Fakat n\u00fcanse edilmesi gereken bir \u015fey veya ili\u015fki tersli\u011fi var: hukuk devleti yerine devlet hukuku demek daha uygun… E\u011fer T\u00fcrkiye’deki rejim ger\u00e7ekten hukuka uygun bir i\u015fleyi\u015fe sahip olsayd\u0131 devletin \u00f6n\u00fcne bir niteleme s\u0131fat\u0131 koymaya gerek olmazd\u0131. Do\u011frusu hukuk devleti de\u011fil, devlet hukukudur. Fakat T\u00fcrkiye’de standart devlet hukukunun \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7en bir \u015fey var: ge\u00e7erli hukuk sistemi daha \u00e7ok as\u0131l devlet partisinin hukuku… Aksi h\u00e2lde h\u00fck\u00fcmet partisine kar\u015f\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmazd\u0131… Elbette hukuk, devlet hukuku olmaya devam ettik\u00e7e onun hangi odak taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 o kadar \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir. G\u00fcn Zileli’nin isabetli bir \u015fekilde i\u015faret etti\u011fi gibi, hukuk ve adalet zaten ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fil: \u2018Adalet canl\u0131lar\u0131n, bireylerin bilinci ve vicdan\u0131yla, hukuk ise devletlerin ve iktidarlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131yla belirlenir. Bu y\u00fczden de bu ikisi b\u0131rak\u0131n ayn\u0131 \u015fey olmay\u0131, birbirinin tam z\u0131dd\u0131d\u0131r’…”<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk(iye) Hukuk(suzlu\u011f)u da, tam\u0131 tam\u0131na bu zemin \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselir…<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

T\u00dcRK(\u0130YE) HUKUK(SUZLU\u011e)U<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Birinci ad\u0131m, bir sorunun<\/p>\n

varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kavramakt\u0131r.”[56]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u00b0 Duydunuz, biliyorsunuz: “Eski Nokta dergisi yay\u0131n y\u00f6netmeni Alper G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131lan emekli Oramiral \u00d6rnek’e iftira davas\u0131, iftira edilmedi\u011fini kan\u0131tlayacak belgeye gerek duyulmadan beraatle bitirildi.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcnl\u00fcklerde \u00d6zden \u00d6rnek ve baz\u0131 kuvvet komutanlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revdeyken darbe haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla belgelendiriliyordu. \u00d6rnek, g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin kendisine ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, iftiraya u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ancak Emniyet ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 belgenin \u00d6rnek’in makam\u0131ndaki bilgisayardan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 saptam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00fcnl\u00fcklerle ilgili eski komutanlara darbe davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 beklenirken mahkeme dosyay\u0131 kapatt\u0131.” [57]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Hik\u00e2yeye yabanc\u0131 olamazs\u0131n\u0131z: Kapanan Nokta Dergisi Genel Yay\u0131n Y\u00f6netmeni Ahmet Alper G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, emekli Oramiral \u00d6zden \u00d6rnek’e ait oldu\u011fu iddia edilen darbe g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri nedeniyle \u2018iftira ve hakaret’ su\u00e7undan yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 davada beraat etti. Ancak “Bu davan\u0131n konusu darbe de\u011fil, iftira ve hakaret iddias\u0131” diyen h\u00e2kim, G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f hakk\u0131nda beraat karar\u0131 verirken, \u2018iftira ve hakaret’ su\u00e7lamas\u0131na kaynakl\u0131k eden g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin ger\u00e7ekten \u00d6rnek’e ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusuna hi\u00e7 girmedi. \u2018G\u00fcnl\u00fck’lerde TSK’n\u0131n en \u00fcst kademesinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen \u2018Sar\u0131k\u0131z’ ve \u2018Ay\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131’ kod adl\u0131 darbe giri\u015fimleri \u00e7ok ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde anlat\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Emekli Oramiral \u00d6rnek, Nokta’da yay\u0131mlanan g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kendisine ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulununca, G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f hakk\u0131nda dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu arada, Emniyet’teki kriminal incelemede \u2018g\u00fcnl\u00fck’lerin yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 CD’nin \u2018\u00d6rnek’in bilgisayar\u0131nda yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir rapor haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131’na g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi’ ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ancak Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y 2. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi’ndeki d\u00fcnk\u00fc duru\u015fmada, raporun Emniyet’ten istenmedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Emekli Oraminal \u00d6rnek’in avukat\u0131 Din\u00e7er Eskiyerli, mahkemede s\u00f6z konusu CD’nin uydurulmu\u015f, taklit edilmi\u015f veya de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek sunulmu\u015f olabilece\u011fini, bu y\u00fczden kesin delil olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savundu.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f’\u00fcn avukatlar\u0131ysa m\u00fcvekkillerine ispat hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve Emniyet raporunun \u0130stanbul Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131’ndan istenmesini talep etti. Savc\u0131 S\u00fcleyman Ayd\u0131n da CD’nin \u00f6nemli delil oldu\u011funu belirtip talebi onaylad\u0131. Savc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle haber kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamamay\u0131 i\u00e7eren yasalara dayanarak da G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f’\u00fcn beraatini istedi.<\/p>\n

H\u00e2kim R\u00fcveyda Kaner ise bu talepleri reddedip karar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Savc\u0131dan farkl\u0131 gerek\u00e7eyle \u2018beraat’ verdi\u011fini belirten Kaner, “Bu davan\u0131n konusu darbe gibi spek\u00fclatif konular de\u011fil, iftira ve hakaret olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. CD’nin delil olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ben de biliyorum. G\u00fcnl\u00fckleri el yaz\u0131s\u0131 san\u0131p istemi\u015ftim. Su\u00e7 unsuru olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan beraate karar verdim” dedi.<\/p>\n

Bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce Ergenekon soru\u015fturmas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda savc\u0131 Zekeriya \u00d6z’\u00fcn tan\u0131k olarak dinledi\u011fi Alper G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, “Ben savc\u0131 \u00d6z’\u00fcn iste\u011fi \u00fczerine orijinal DVD’yi kendisine g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Haberimiz do\u011frudur, bunu \u00f6mr\u00fcm\u00fcn sonuna kadar savunaca\u011f\u0131m. Darbe iddiamla ilgili mahkeme ispat hakk\u0131 vermedi. Yapabilece\u011fimiz bir \u015fey kalmad\u0131, me\u011fer ki ba\u015fka savc\u0131lar \u00e7\u0131ks\u0131n, gerekli i\u015flemleri yaps\u0131n” diye konu\u015ftu.[58]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u015eimdi soral\u0131m: “Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yarg\u0131” nerede?<\/em><\/p>\n

Devam edelim…<\/p>\n

\u00b0 Mersin Halkevleri’nin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 istenen dava dosyadaki fiiller: Erdo\u011fan’a yumurta atma, yumurta maketi ta\u015f\u0131ma, IMF’li-ABD’li sloganlar, bir tiyatro oyunu, anmayken;[59]<\/em><\/b> Sakarya’daki toplu lin\u00e7 olaylar\u0131na ili\u015fkin foto\u011fraf ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclere kar\u015f\u0131n polis hi\u00e7bir i\u015flem yapmad\u0131. Adapazar\u0131’nda DTP’lileri lin\u00e7 etme giri\u015fimine tepkiler s\u00fcrerken, olaylara kat\u0131lan yakla\u015f\u0131k bin ki\u015fiden bir ki\u015finin bile g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nmamas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekti. Emniyet yetkilileri, “\u0130nceleme s\u00fcr\u00fcyor” demekle yetindi![60]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u015eimdi soral\u0131m: “Tarafs\u0131z yarg\u0131” nerede?<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Bir \u015fey daha: Tevn Yay\u0131nevi sahibi yay\u0131nc\u0131 Mehdi Tanr\u0131kulu bir iddianamede “s\u00f6zde K\u00fcrt halk\u0131” diyen savc\u0131y\u0131 \u015fik\u00e2yet edince kendisini hakk\u0131nda pe\u015f pe\u015fe a\u00e7\u0131lan davalar zinciri i\u00e7inde buldu… Tanr\u0131kulu’nun yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi bir savc\u0131 hakk\u0131nda “K\u00fcrt\u00e7e su\u00e7 duyurusu”nda bulunmas\u0131yd\u0131. Savc\u0131n\u0131n iddianamesinde K\u00fcrt\u00e7e su\u00e7 duyurusuyla T\u00fcrk Dilinin Kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve Korunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin Kanun’a muhalefet etti\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Mahkemeye g\u00f6re “koridorlarda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fup duru\u015fmalarda K\u00fcrt\u00e7e ifade veren, Tanr\u0131kulu’nun amac\u0131 \u2018\u00fcz\u00fcm yemek de\u011fil ba\u011fc\u0131y\u0131 d\u00f6vmek’ti.” Be\u015f ay hapis cezas\u0131 verilen Tanr\u0131kulu’nun “dilinden \u00e7ekti\u011fi \u00e7ile” bitmedi: Bu kez de duru\u015fmalardaki “K\u00fcrt\u00e7e” \u0131srar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden hakk\u0131nda dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.[61]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130nsanlar\u0131n dillerinden ve savunmalar\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc “yarg\u0131”land\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>[62]<\/em><\/b> tablonun \u00f6teki y\u00fcz\u00fc de \u015f\u00f6yle: Oflu \u0130smail i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan iddianamede, tahliyesi i\u00e7in 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda hat\u0131rl\u0131 ki\u015filerin devreye girerek mahkeme heyetini etkilemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131ld\u0131. Oflu \u0130smail’in 13 Nisan 2007’de serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131. Oflu \u0130smail’e y\u00f6nelik d\u00fczenlenen \u00e7ete operasyonunun iddianamesinde, mafya babas\u0131n\u0131n hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r ki\u015filerin araya girmesi sonucu 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda tahliye edildi\u011fi anlat\u0131ld\u0131!<\/em>[63]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Ge\u00e7erken bir not: Kars Belediyesi’ne 28 Kas\u0131m 2007 tarihinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015fvuruda bulunarak, park ve caddelere Musa Anter, Vedat Ayd\u0131n ve Deniz Gezmi\u015f’in isminin verilmesini isteyen Kars Halk Meclisi S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Mahmut Al\u0131nak hakk\u0131nda, \u2018su\u00e7u ve su\u00e7luyu \u00f6vmek’ iddias\u0131yla dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131![64]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6rnek \u00e7ok,[65]<\/em><\/b> ama burada durup, \u00d6demi\u015f Adliyesi’nden H\u00e2kim Faruk \u00d6zsu’nun s\u00f6zlerini an\u0131msamak, an\u0131msatmak daha yerinde olur kanaatindeyim: “Hukuka sayg\u0131 duyulmas\u0131n\u0131 talep ederken bilinmelidir ki sayg\u0131 ne ikna, ne rica, ne tehdit ne de mevzuat hat\u0131rlat\u0131larak kazan\u0131labilir. Onun tek ve \u2018basit’ bir yolu vard\u0131r: Hak etmek…”[66]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk(iye) Hukuk(suzlu\u011f)u, H\u00e2kim Faruk \u00d6zsu’nun ifade etti\u011fini “Hak edebilmi\u015f midir?” <\/em><\/p>\n

Devletin ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu y\u00f6ntemlere bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, buna olumlu yan\u0131t vermek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir!<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

DEVLET\u0130N \u015e\u0130DDET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Kuvvetine g\u00fcvenerek<\/p>\n

zay\u0131flar\u0131 hor g\u00f6renin<\/p>\n

kuvveti ba\u015f\u0131na bela olur.”[67]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

A. Cihan Soylu’nun, “Devlet g\u00f6revi, iktidar ve \u015fiddettir,”<\/em>[68]<\/em><\/b> saptamas\u0131na kat\u0131lmamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir!<\/em><\/p>\n

Kimileri istedi\u011fi kadar “devletin \u015fefkati” \u00fczerine hamasi nutuklara sar\u0131ls\u0131n; ger\u00e7ek, bu “iddialar”dan \u00e7ok farkl\u0131!<\/p>\n

\u00b0 Al\u0131n size 2008’in 1 May\u0131s’\u0131…[69]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Herkes g\u00f6rd\u00fc; \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bakanlar\u0131 bile itiraf etti; caddelerle yetinmeyen polis \u015fiddetten ka\u00e7anlar\u0131n s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 apartmanlara da biber gaz\u0131 s\u0131kt\u0131, sapanla ta\u015f att\u0131, trafik kameralar\u0131 ise “ar\u0131za” gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131!<\/p>\n

\u0130ktidardan emir alan polis, 1 May\u0131s 2008’de \u0130stanbul’da sokaklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k i\u015fkencehaneye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. Kentte ya\u015fanan olaylardan sat\u0131rba\u015flar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n

– Emek Bayram\u0131’nda i\u015f\u00e7ilere su s\u0131k\u0131lan panzerlere, itfaiye ve \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi’nin su takviyesi yapmas\u0131 yurtta\u015flar\u0131n tepkilerine neden oldu. Yurtta\u015flar, olaylar\u0131 deh\u015fet verici olarak nitelendirdiler…<\/p>\n

– Halask\u00e2rgazi Caddesi \u00fczerinde gruplara m\u00fcdahale eden \u00e7evik kuvvet polislerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ceplerinden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131klar\u0131 sapanlarla ta\u015f atmas\u0131 g\u00f6renleri \u015foke etti…<\/p>\n

– D\u0130SK Genel Merkezi \u00f6n\u00fcnde sabah saatlerinde \u00e7evik kuvvet taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131lan biber gaz\u0131 ve gaz bombas\u0131ndan etkilenen gazeteciler ve yurtta\u015flar\u0131n apartmanlara ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren \u00e7evik kuvvetin apartmanlar\u0131n i\u00e7ine de biber gaz\u0131 s\u0131kmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekti. Caddeden ayr\u0131lmak isteyenlere, polis taraf\u0131ndan izin verilmeyince “Gaz s\u0131k\u0131yorsunuz, fenala\u015ft\u0131k, g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131n” diye tepki g\u00f6sterdiler…<\/p>\n

– Konfederasyon y\u00f6neticileri, D\u0130SK Genel Merkezi \u00f6n\u00fcnde DSP otob\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fczerinden konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 biraz \u00f6tedeki gruba m\u00fcdahale eden polisin att\u0131\u011f\u0131 gaz bombalar\u0131n\u0131n sesleri alt\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcler…<\/p>\n

– M\u00fcdahale edilen yerlerde belediyenin trafi\u011fi g\u00f6zetleyen kameralar\u0131, “ar\u0131za” gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131…[70]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Konuya ili\u015fkin olarak Halk\u0131n Y\u00fckseli\u015fi Partisi Genel Ba\u015fkan Vekili Ya\u015far Okuyan, “\u0130stanbul’da d\u00fcn [1 May\u0131s 2008-y.n.] devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fc estirildi” dedi.[71]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Polisin D\u0130SK Genel Merkezi \u00f6n\u00fcndekilere m\u00fcdahale etmesini, “ac\u0131mas\u0131zl\u0131k ve kanun tan\u0131mazl\u0131k” olarak niteleyen Okuyan, 1 May\u0131s’\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde bayram olarak kutland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi ve ekledi: “B\u00f6yle deh\u015fet ve ter\u00f6r alt\u0131nda 1 May\u0131s, 1977’den sonra ilk kez oluyor” dedi.<\/p>\n

Bas\u0131n mensuplar\u0131na, gazetelerin \u0130stanbul’da ya\u015fanan olaylarla ilgili man\u015fetlerini g\u00f6steren Okuyan, “Bunlar utan\u00e7 vericidir. \u0130stanbul’da d\u00fcn [1 May\u0131s 2008-y.n.] devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fc estirilmi\u015ftir. 1 May\u0131s 2008, T\u00fcrk siyasi tarihine utan\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ge\u00e7ecektir” dedi.[72]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Devam edelim!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Okmeydan\u0131 Temel Haklar ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler Cephesi’nden Aysu Baykal, Nevruz kutlamas\u0131na \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 i\u00e7in bildiri da\u011f\u0131tmak \u00fczere iki arkada\u015f\u0131yla soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sivil polislerle ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 arbede sonras\u0131 g\u00f6z alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. Ve iddias\u0131na g\u00f6re Nijeryal\u0131 Festus Okey’in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Taksim Polis Merkezi’nde bir polisin tekmesiyle aya\u011f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bunlar yetmedi; aya\u011f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131k oldu\u011fu h\u00e2lde, “polise mukavemetten” tutuklanmas\u0131 istemiyle mahkemeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131![73]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcfede, Ahmet Kaya’n\u0131n \u2018Ba\u015f\u0131m Belada’ \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dinleyen \u0130brahim Sil’i telsizle ba\u015f\u0131na ve y\u00fcz\u00fcne vurarak yaralayan polis memurlar\u0131 M.B. ve B.O. hakk\u0131nda dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131![74]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Galatasaray-Sivasspor ma\u00e7\u0131 sonras\u0131 Ni\u015fanta\u015f\u0131’nda sevin\u00e7 g\u00f6sterisinde bulunan 13-15 ya\u015flar\u0131ndaki alt\u0131 \u00e7ocu\u011fa polis biber gaz\u0131 s\u0131kt\u0131![75]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 “Diyarbak\u0131r’da 1994’te \u015eerif Av\u015far adl\u0131 vatanda\u015f\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesini azmettirdi\u011fi iddia edilen ve 30 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lan eski uzman \u00c7avu\u015f G\u00fcltekin S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc’ye ili\u015fkin Diyarbak\u0131r 3. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi’nin gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131nda, Av\u015far’\u0131n \u0130l\u00e7e Jandarma Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 arac\u0131yla ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131larak infaz edildi\u011fi belirtildi”![76]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Hakk\u00e2ri’nin Y\u00fcksekova il\u00e7esindeki Nevruz kutlamalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda polisler, kameralar \u00f6n\u00fcnde 15 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki C.E.’yi g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131rken kolunu k\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu olaydan iki g\u00fcn \u00f6nce benzer bir olay\u0131n Cizre’de ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Nevruz kutlamalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Hakk\u00e2ri, Van, \u015e\u0131rnak’ta ya\u015fanan olaylar\u0131n yank\u0131lar\u0131 bitmiyor. \u00dc\u00e7 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve g\u00fcnler s\u00fcren olaylarda ak\u0131llarda kalan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerden biri C.E.’nin kolunun b\u00fck\u00fclerek k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Olaylardan sonra tutuklanan ve cezaevine konulan 19 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u0130dris \u00dczen benzer bir olay ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130dris \u00dczen, savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa verdi\u011fi ifadede 20 Mart’ta d\u00f6rt be\u015f sivil polis taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nmak istendi\u011fini belirterek, “Bir polis beni kolumdan yakalad\u0131. Daha sonra elime kelep\u00e7e takmak i\u00e7in kolumu \u00e7evirince omuzum \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Beni hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Ben bu s\u0131rada yar\u0131 bayg\u0131n vaziyetteydim” dedi. \u00dczen’in avukat\u0131 Rojhat Dilsiz duru\u015fmada g\u00f6sterideki di\u011fer ki\u015filerin ka\u00e7arken m\u00fcvekkilinin yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ederek “Yakalama s\u0131ras\u0131nda orant\u0131s\u0131z g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu raporlarla da belgelidir, m\u00fcvekkilimin ta\u015f bilye ya da slogan atmas\u0131 gibi herhangi bir eylemi s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir” dedi…[77]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Evet, bu topraklarda devletin asli i\u015flevi -\u00f6rneklerden g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere- muhaliflerine kar\u015f\u0131 uygulanan kural tan\u0131maz \u015fiddettir…<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

AHBAR\u0130K HRANT<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Tarih eskileri anlatmaz<\/p>\n

yenileri yarat\u0131r.”[78]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Ahbarik Hrant da, s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fim \u015fiddetin kurban\u0131 oldu!<\/em><\/p>\n

Dink cinayetinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc duru\u015fmas\u0131nda O.S.’nin, m\u00fcdahil avukatlar\u0131 ile Dink ailesine k\u00fcf\u00fcr ve “azmettirici” Yasin Hayal’in avukat\u0131 Fuat Turgut’un da “Kuduz Ermeniler” diye hakaret etti\u011fine[79]<\/em><\/b> dek her \u015feyin g\u00fcndelik gazete haberlerine yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, bunun b\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu, hi\u00e7 kimse i\u00e7in “s\u0131r” de\u011fil; herkes her \u015feyi biliyor![80]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 “Ergenekon soru\u015fturmas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda tutuklanan Sakarya \u00dcniversitesi \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi Do\u00e7. Dr. Emin G\u00fcrses, \u0130stanbul Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131s\u0131 Selim Berna Altay’a ifadesinde, \u2018Hrant Dink’e sald\u0131r\u0131 ihbar\u0131, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeden \u00fc\u00e7 ay kadar \u00f6nce geldi. \u0130hbar\u0131 emniyete, istihbarata bildirdik ama tedbir al\u0131nmad\u0131. Bunu gerekli birimlere s\u00f6yledim,’ dedi”![81]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Hrant Dink’in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde ihmalleri oldu\u011fu iddia edilen iki jandarma g\u00f6revlisi mahkemede itiraflarda bulundu. M\u00fcfetti\u015flere verdikleri ifadelerde Dink’in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011finden “haberdar” olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 savunan san\u0131klar 20 Mart 2008’de “yalan ifade” verdiklerini kabul edip, “g\u00f6z g\u00f6re g\u00f6re gelen cinayeti” anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Buna g\u00f6re, cinayetin azmettircisi Yasin Hayal’in eni\u015ftesi olan Co\u015fkun \u0130\u011fci, Dink’in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fini jandarmaya anlatt\u0131. Ancak \u00fcstler “emir vermedi\u011fi” i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmad\u0131. Jandarma komutanlar\u0131 bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce ald\u0131klar\u0131 bilgileri cinayetten bir g\u00fcn sonra “haber alma formuna” ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n

Dink davas\u0131nda polis ve jandarmaya y\u00f6nelik soru\u015fturmalarda “takipsizlik’ kararlar\u0131 verilirken, Jandarma Astsubay Okan \u015eim\u015fek ve Jandarma Uzman \u00c7avu\u015f Veysel \u015eahin hakk\u0131nda “ihmal” davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130lk duru\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmayan iki san\u0131k 20 Mart 2008’de yarg\u0131\u00e7 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndayd\u0131. Ve anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 jandarman\u0131n ihmal dosyas\u0131nda \u015fimdiye kadar toplanan bilgilerden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131yd\u0131![82]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Hrant Dink cinayeti davas\u0131nda Trabzon’da g\u00f6revli iki jandarman\u0131n itiraflar\u0131 davan\u0131n seyrini de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015fti.[83]<\/em><\/b> Uzman \u00c7avu\u015f Veysel \u015eahin ve Astsubay Okan \u015eim\u015fek, cinayetten alt\u0131 ay \u00f6nce komutanlar\u0131n\u0131 suikast planlar\u0131 konusunda bilgilendirdiklerini, ancak \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015fti. Oysa idari soru\u015fturmalar sonucunda bu komutanlar\u0131n soru\u015fturulmas\u0131na gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015fti![84]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Hrant Dink \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeden \u00f6nce \u0130stanbul’dan gelen bir heyetle toplant\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten \u0130rfan \u00d6zkan, toplant\u0131da Dink’i \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye O.S’nin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc oldu\u011funu ve bu karar\u0131n toplant\u0131dakiler taraf\u0131ndan alk\u0131\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi![85]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Hrant Dink cinayetini organize etmekle su\u00e7lanan emniyet muhbiri Erhan Tuncel’in, B\u00fcy\u00fck Birlik Partisi Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Sivas Milletvekili Muhsin Yaz\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu’nun, foto\u011fraflar\u0131 bas\u0131na yans\u0131yan Trabzon gezisinin organizasyonunda g\u00f6rev ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Dava dosyas\u0131na konulan telefon kayd\u0131na g\u00f6re Tuncel, kendisini \u2018tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131’ s\u00f6yleyen Yaz\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu ile Yasin Hayal’in durumunu konu\u015facaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu![86]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Dink davas\u0131nda, polis muhbiri Erhan Tuncel, ifadesi al\u0131nan san\u0131k Ersin Yolcu’ya “sus” diye komut verdi![87]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00b0 Hrant Dink’in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden yakla\u015f\u0131k bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce Trabzon Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u0130stanbul Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ne bir istihbarat notu iletmi\u015fti. 17 \u015eubat 2006 tarihli evrakta, “Yasin Hayal’in Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kin besledi\u011fi ve \u0130stanbul’da ses getirecek bir eylem planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hedef olarak da T\u00fcrkleri karalay\u0131c\u0131 faaliyetlerde bulundu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle Dink’i se\u00e7ti\u011fi, eylem i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul’a gidece\u011fini ve Sar\u0131gazi’de f\u0131r\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan abisi Osman Hayal’in yan\u0131nda kalaca\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca Yasin Hayal’in s\u00f6z konusu eylemi yapabilecek bir yap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011fu” yaz\u0131yordu. Ancak Dink \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra \u0130stanbul Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 dikkate almad\u0131![88]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

H\u00e2l\u00e2 Ahbarik Hrant’in katili sadece O.S. diyebilir misiniz?<\/em><\/p>\n

Hrant’\u0131n katili sadece O. S. de\u011fil; tarihi konu\u015fmak bunun b\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r!<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“ERMEN\u0130 MESELES\u0130”NE “G\u0130R\u0130\u015e”<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Y\u00fczle\u015fme noktas\u0131nda ne mutlak cahiller<\/p>\n

ne de yetkin bilgeler vard\u0131r;<\/p>\n

sadece ve h\u00e2len bildiklerinden daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131<\/p>\n

\u00f6\u011frenme giri\u015fimi i\u00e7indekiler vard\u0131r.”[89]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Yasak”lansa da, \u00f6rt bas edilmek istenen ger\u00e7e\u011fi konu\u015faca\u011f\u0131z!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc “Ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f ac\u0131lar\u0131 anlayan, nedeni ne olursa olsun, dini, etnik k\u00f6keni farkl\u0131 diye insanlara kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f cinayetleri k\u0131nayan bir dil geli\u015ftirilmedik\u00e7e sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc do\u011frultusunda sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r”!<\/em>[90]<\/em><\/b><\/em><\/p>\n

23 Nisan’\u0131 kutlayanlar; 24 Nisan’da ne oldu\u011fu g\u00f6rmezden gelmemelidir!<\/em>[91]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu konuda s\u00f6z\u00fc Ali Bayramo\u011flu’na b\u0131rak\u0131yorum: “\u0130stanbul’da sabah 4’te kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nan Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, yazarlar\u0131, gazetecileri, milletvekilleri g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131lar… Say\u0131lar\u0131 220 civar\u0131ndayd\u0131… Aralar\u0131nda Zohrab gibi Meclis-i Mebusan \u00fcyeleri ve Gomidas Vartabed[92]<\/em><\/b> de vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Neden tutukland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorlard\u0131. \u00d6nce Merkez Hapishane’ye, Mehterhane’ye g\u00f6nderildiler…<\/p>\n

Ard\u0131ndan b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131l\u0131p Aya\u015f, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 ve \u00c7orum’a s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler.<\/p>\n

Bir s\u00fcre sonra tekrar s\u00fcrg\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bu kez ama\u00e7 belliydi. Te\u015fkil\u00e2t\u0131-\u0131 Mahsusa harekete ge\u00e7ti. \u00c7eteler, tetik\u00e7iler yolda kafilelere sald\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hayatta kalabildi. \u00c7o\u011fu hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Talat Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131, Bab\u0131ali bask\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 evinde saklayan, 1908’in ate\u015fli savunucusu, usta hatip milletvekili Zohrab’\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 ta\u015fla ezildi.<\/p>\n

Halide Edip, bir g\u00fcn bir trende Bahattin \u015eakir’in elini kim oldu\u011funu bilmeden s\u0131k\u0131nca, buna vesile olan arkada\u015f\u0131na \u2018bana kanl\u0131 katilin elini s\u0131kt\u0131rd\u0131n’ demesi bu y\u00fczdendir…<\/p>\n

Tutuklama tarihi 24 Nisan 1915’ti…<\/p>\n

Ard\u0131ndan tehcir ba\u015flad\u0131…<\/p>\n

Ermeniler b\u00fcy\u00fck felaket olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 1915 olaylar\u0131n\u0131 bu y\u00fczden 24 Nisan’da hat\u0131rlar ve anarlar…<\/p>\n

Tabii T\u00fcrk Ermenileri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda…<\/p>\n

Onlar b\u0131rak\u0131n atalar\u0131n\u0131 sesli bir bi\u00e7imde anmay\u0131, 24 Nisan’\u0131 hat\u0131rlamaya, hat\u0131rlatmaya bile cesaret edemeyecek ko\u015fullarda ya\u015farlar.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131 24 Nisan tarihini Ermeni milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin ve T\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015faha kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn olarak yans\u0131t\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli kentlerinde yap\u0131lan g\u00f6steri ve anmalara tepki verir ve T\u00fcrk kamuoyunu buna g\u00f6re ko\u015fullar…<\/p>\n

Ne var ki, kim ne derse desin, 24 Nisan 1915 \u015fu ya da bu nedenle, \u015fu ya da bu \u015fekilde, Talat Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n defterindeki rakamlara g\u00f6re 1.200.000 Osmanl\u0131 Ermenisi’nden 800.000’inin \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131 bir trajedinin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihidir.<\/p>\n

Ama insanl\u0131k her zaman yol al\u0131r…<\/p>\n

24 Nisan 2008’te T\u00fcrkiye’de bir ilk ya\u015fand\u0131… Bir gazete, Taraf Gazetesi, 1915’te tutuklanan \u0130stanbul Ermenilerinin tam listesini verdi.[93]<\/em><\/b> (…)<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekler ger\u00e7ektir…<\/p>\n

1915 bu topraklar\u0131n, bu topraklarda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131n ve ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n ortak meselesidir…<\/p>\n

Unutmak bile \u00f6nce bilmeyi gerektirir…<\/p>\n

Bildik\u00e7e ar\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z, bildik\u00e7e kimli\u011fini yeniden ve sa\u011flam temeller \u00fczerinde kurars\u0131n\u0131z…<\/p>\n

Ben kendi pay\u0131ma memleketimin Ermenilerinin duygular\u0131na sayg\u0131 duyuyor, payla\u015f\u0131yor, hepsine selam ediyorum…”[94]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu konuda susman\u0131n da susturman\u0131n da “\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm” oldu\u011funa inanm\u0131yorum!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte tam da bunun i\u00e7in Murat Belge’nin i\u015faret etti\u011fi \u00fczere, “1915’te ne oldu\u011funu h\u00e2l\u00e2 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. Ancak bunu 2005’teki tart\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7imimiz 1915’in kendisinden daha iyi de\u011fil. Baz\u0131 bak\u0131mlardan, daha k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011fu da savunulabilir. 1915’te, son analizde \u2018bir avu\u00e7’ denilecek say\u0131da adam, bir korkun\u00e7lu\u011fu planlam\u0131\u015f ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe koymu\u015ftu. Onlara uyan oldu\u011fu kadar uymayan da oldu. Yap\u0131lan\u0131 hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak \u00fczere bir \u2018topyek\u00fbn seferberlik’ de ilan edilmedi.<\/p>\n

Bir \u2018say\u0131’ kavgas\u0131 var ki, ak\u0131l al\u0131r gibi de\u011fil. Sanki Kapal\u0131\u00e7ar\u015f\u0131’da pazarl\u0131k ediyoruz. \u00d6l\u00fcme g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f Ermeni say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltabilece\u011fimiz kadar azaltaca\u011f\u0131z; \u2018vah\u015fice \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f’ T\u00fcrk say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7o\u011faltabilece\u011fimiz kadar \u00e7o\u011faltaca\u011f\u0131z. \u2018\u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f’ de\u011fil de \u2018hastal\u0131ktan \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f’ Ermenilerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabiliyorsak \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131z. T\u00fcrklerin de\u011fil de K\u00fcrtlerin \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcklerini ne kadar art\u0131rabiliyorsak o kadar art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131z -bir son \u00e7are olarak. Ama b\u00fct\u00fcn bu pazarl\u0131kta, \u2018toplam \u00f6l\u00fc’ konusunda, 300 bin gibi rakamlar\u0131n alt\u0131na inemeyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

\u0130nemeyece\u011fiz, ama bunun ne anlama geldi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemeyi ba\u015faraca\u011f\u0131z. Bu rakamla neyi anlat\u0131yoruz, 300 bin lira m\u0131, 300 bin \u00e7ak\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131 m\u0131, 300 bin \u00e7ad\u0131r dire\u011fi mi, neden s\u00f6z ediyoruz? Yoksa 300 bin insan can\u0131 m\u0131? Bunun herhangi bir s\u0131z\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 duymayaca\u011f\u0131z; kar\u015f\u0131 taraf milyonlarda filan dola\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re (tabii gene benzer duygularla), \u2018300 bine indirdik’ diye mutlu da olaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Demek ki, 300 bin insan can\u0131 (hele \u2018y\u00fczde \u015fu kadar\u0131 da tif\u00fcsten’ ise) kabul edilebilir bir \u015fey.<\/p>\n

Bir yandan -\u2018reform yapma’ taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde bulunulan Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131 izleyen d\u00f6nemi kastediyorum- n\u00fcfus say\u0131mlar\u0131 yapacak ve Ermenilerin hi\u00e7bir yerde \u00e7o\u011funluk olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 saptayaca\u011f\u0131z. Bir yandan, \u00e7o\u011funluk oldu\u011funu herh\u00e2lde reddetmedi\u011fimiz T\u00fcrklerin, devletlerine, ordular\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bu az\u0131nl\u0131ktan \u00e7ok daha fazla say\u0131da telefat verdi\u011fini savunaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Sonra ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 su\u00e7lamaya ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131z. Tabii s\u0131rada ilkin Almanlar var, ama onlar\u0131nki art\u0131k kabak tad\u0131 verdi. \u2018Frans\u0131zlar Cezayir’de neler yapt\u0131lar!’ \u2018Amerika’da K\u0131z\u0131lderililer ne oldu!’ Ve benzerleri. Amerikal\u0131lar hem de ta \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda Japonlara \u2018tehcir’ uygulamad\u0131lar m\u0131? Uygulad\u0131lar. Yaln\u0131z, Amerikal\u0131lar yol \u00fcst\u00fcndeki K\u00fcrtlere h\u00e2kim oldular, Japonlara sald\u0131r\u0131p \u00f6ld\u00fcrmelerini engellediler. Ayr\u0131ca, tif\u00fcs filan konusunda da tedbirli davrand\u0131lar; yolculuk ko\u015fullar\u0131nda kimse salg\u0131n hastal\u0131ktan \u00f6lmedi. \u00dcst\u00fcne \u00fcstl\u00fck, bu yak\u0131nlarda, Amerika o zaman uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u2018tehcir’den \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc Japon k\u00f6kenli yurtta\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00f6z\u00fcr diledi.<\/p>\n

1915’te yap\u0131lanlar\u0131n korkun\u00e7lu\u011funu bildi\u011fim kadar, bunun insanl\u0131k tarihinde ne ilk ne de son oldu\u011funu da biliyorum. Yaln\u0131z, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na \u2018Siz de \u015funu yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131n\u0131z’ diye sald\u0131r\u0131rken kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u015fiddeti, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n da bana uygulayabilece\u011fini hat\u0131rlamadan edemiyorum -ve yaln\u0131z Ermeni k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 da de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Evet, Almanya bu y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda, bug\u00fcn Namibya dedi\u011fimiz b\u00f6lgede, korkun\u00e7 i\u015fler yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ama ben Almanya’da, herhangi bir yazar\u0131n, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcn veya s\u0131radan vatanda\u015f\u0131n, \u2018Biz Namibya’da korkun\u00e7 i\u015fler yapt\u0131k’ dedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bir toplumsal lin\u00e7 olay\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorum. Alman medyas\u0131nda veya e\u011fitim sisteminde, \u2018Namibya hakk\u0131nda birileri size bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylerse sak\u0131n inanmay\u0131n. Yaland\u0131r. \u0130ftirad\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya Alman milletine d\u00fc\u015fman oldu\u011fu ve Versailles’\u0131 diriltmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bilin\u00e7li ve sistemli yalanlar uyduruyorlar’ diye bir kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rmedim, i\u015fitmedim.<\/p>\n

Evet, b\u00fct\u00fcn zorlu\u011funa ra\u011fmen, 1915’i anlamak, 2005’i anlamaktan daha kolay.<\/p>\n

Bari elimizden, olmu\u015f olana \u00fcz\u00fclme insan hakk\u0131n\u0131 da almasalar”![95]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

B\u0130R KA\u00c7 TAR\u0130H NOTU<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Ger\u00e7ek ke\u015fif,<\/p>\n

yeni topraklar bulmakla de\u011fil,<\/p>\n

yeni g\u00f6zle bakmakla ilgilidir.”[96]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Ermeni Meselesi”ne ili\u015fkin olarak s\u0131ralayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

TAR\u0130HTE ERMEN\u0130LER<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Bir \u015feyi bilmemek ay\u0131p de\u011fil,<\/p>\n

bilmedi\u011fini bilmemek ay\u0131p.”[97]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Jak Yakar’\u0131n, \u2018Anadolu’n\u0131n Etnoarkeolojisi’nde ifade etti\u011fi \u00fczere, “Ermeniler, I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’na kadar hem ekonomik hem de k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan do\u011fu, g\u00fcneydo\u011fu ve ortan\u0131n do\u011fusundaki Anadolu illerinde bask\u0131n bir etnik grup olu\u015fturuyorlard\u0131. (…)<\/p>\n

Ermeniler ve K\u00fcrt kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n tarihi ve etnografik belgeleri, do\u011fuda yer alan da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerdeki eski yerle\u015fik sosyo-ekonomilerin rekonstr\u00fcksiyonuna y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fer ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, baz\u0131 Avrupal\u0131 gezginlerin XVIII. ve XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda do\u011fu illerinde, \u00f6zellikle ayn\u0131 genel b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan Ermeni \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ve K\u00fcrt \u00e7obanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki sosyo-ekonomik etkile\u015fim hakk\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemler, iyi etno-arkeolojik \u00f6rnek olay incelemeleri sergilemektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu eski etnik gruba ait olanlar, dilleri ve dinleri ile tan\u0131mlan\u0131rlar. Hai lezu olarak bilinen Ermeni dili, Hint-Avrupa dillerinin Satem grubunda ayr\u0131 bir kol olu\u015fturur. M.S. 400 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Ermeni alfabesinden \u00f6nce, i\u00e7eri\u011fine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn metinler Pers, Arami ya da Yunan alfabeleriyle yaz\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Seleukos’lar d\u00f6neminde ve hatta belki de sonras\u0131nda Akhemenid etkisi alt\u0131nda benimsedikleri Zerd\u00fc\u015ft dinine inan\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu Zerd\u00fc\u015ft tapmak yerle\u015fmeleri, Ermeni krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kuzey ve bat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda, ikisi Yukar\u0131 F\u0131rat Vadisi’ndeki Kemah yak\u0131n\u0131nda olmak \u00fczere, Erzincan’da Yerez’de ve Tercan yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Pekeri\u00e7’te yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zel yer nedeniyle, bunlar\u0131n Urartu’nun d\u0131\u015f s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda kalan ve Urartu krallar\u0131nca devletin dini kurumuna dahil edilmeyen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z tap\u0131nak yap\u0131lar\u0131 olduklar\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Etnik bir grup olarak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Ermenileri \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 kiliseye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015flerdir: Patri\u011fi \u0130stanbul’da yer alan ve V. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131ndan beri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir monofizit kilise olan Apostolik Kilise (Gregoryen Ortodoks), 1830’dan beri ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu Roma Katolik Kilisesi ve Protestan Kilise.<\/p>\n

Pers ve Yunan kaynaklar\u0131 Ermeniler ve Ermenistan’dan M.\u00d6. VI. y\u00fczy\u0131lda bahsetmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ermeni terimi ya do\u011fudaki da\u011fl\u0131k kesimde ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn n\u00fcfusa ya da onun bat\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki eski bir Ermeni devletine atfedilmi\u015ftir. Ermeni etnik varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunan baz\u0131 a\u015firetler Anadolu s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelmi\u015f olabilir. \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu’ya ula\u015f\u0131nca, muhtemelen di\u011fer gruplarla birlikte, sonradan Phryg h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131na giren yeni habitatlar\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmi\u015flerdir. Ermenistan’\u0131 \u2018\u00e7ok say\u0131da s\u00fcr\u00fcleri olan bir halka sahip’ \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlayan Herodotos, o d\u00f6nemde Ermenileri Phryg’li kolonistler zannetmi\u015ftir. Belki de, Do\u011fu Anadolu’ya gelmeden \u00f6nce Phryg h\u00e2kimiyeti alt\u0131ndaki alanlarda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131, bu varg\u0131ya yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olabilir. Herodotos ayr\u0131ca Yunanistan’a kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan askeri seferlere kat\u0131lmak \u00fczere Pers ordusunda askere alman Phrygia’l\u0131 Ermeni g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin Phryg’ler gibi silahland\u0131klar\u0131ndan bahsetmektedir.<\/p>\n

Tarihi kaynaklar ve arkeolojik belgeler, Ermenilerin Do\u011fu Anadolu’da M.\u00d6. VI. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan daha ge\u00e7 bir d\u00f6nemde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir. Phryg Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra Ermeni a\u015firetleri do\u011fuya, Yukar\u0131 F\u0131rat’a do\u011fru g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015flerdir. Bu hareketin \u0130skitli g\u00f6\u00e7ebelerin ak\u0131nlar\u0131yla Urartular\u0131n zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Assurlular’\u0131n art\u0131k b\u00f6lgede tehdit edici bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6nce bat\u0131daki Urartu eyaletlerini h\u00e2kimiyetleri alt\u0131na alarak, muhtemelen M.\u00d6. VII. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonunda, b\u00f6lgesel bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak Urartulardan kalan politik bo\u015flu\u011fu doldurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Urartu ve Assur devletlerinin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden \u00f6nce dahi Ermeni a\u015firetlerinin bu b\u00f6lgede var olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131 konusu h\u00e2l\u00e2 bilinmemektedir. Hitit Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n kuzeydo\u011fusunda yer alan ve M.\u00d6. II. biny\u0131la ait bir krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n ismi olan Haya\u015fa’n\u0131n, Ermenilerin kendilerini tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 Haii kelimesine olan benzerli\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir. Pek destek g\u00f6rmeyen bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, baz\u0131 Ermenilerin Erzincan ve Erzurum aras\u0131nda uzanan bir b\u00f6lgeden geldikleri ve varsay\u0131ma dayal\u0131 bir Hurri ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131yla, yerine ge\u00e7tikleri Urartularla uzaktan akraba olabilecekleri teorisine ba\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. Ermenilerin Urartu maddi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc \u00fczerine arkeolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr bir maddi k\u00fclt\u00fcr koymamalar\u0131, do\u011fuya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ayr\u0131 a\u015firet gruplar\u0131 h\u00e2linde gelmi\u015f olmalar\u0131 ve bu nedenle askeri a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmamalar\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir.[98]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Eski Ermenilere ait en erken politik izleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, daha M.\u00d6. VII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130skit-Ermeni a\u015firetlerinden olu\u015fan bir koalisyonun Subria krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yarat\u0131p yaratmam\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fi sorusu akla gelebilir. E\u011fer \u00f6yleyse, Subria Ermeni politik varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekirde\u011fini mi olu\u015fturuyordu? Di\u011ferleri, M.\u00d6. VII. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar \u00f6nemli bir Ge\u00e7 Hitit Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan Melid’in sonradan Ermeni politik varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekirde\u011fini olu\u015fturmu\u015f olabilece\u011fine inanmaktad\u0131r. Bu kent, M.\u00d6. VI. y\u00fczy\u0131lda efsanevi I. Tigran d\u00f6neminde Ermeni krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve M.\u00d6. V. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ermenistan’\u0131n y\u00f6netiminden sorumlu on \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Pers satrapl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkentiydi.[99]<\/em><\/b> Buradaki baz\u0131 Eski Ermeni a\u015firetleri i\u00e7inde Trak-Phryg unsurlar\u0131 yer alm\u0131\u015f olsa bile, dilleri M.\u00d6. VIII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda konu\u015fulan Phryg dilinin bir leh\u00e7esi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir. Yani dilbilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, iki grubun Anadolu’nun M.\u00d6. XII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Trak-Phryg a\u015firetleri taraf\u0131ndan istila edilmesi \u00f6ncesinde ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir.[100]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Eski dillerin \u00e7o\u011funda oldu\u011fu gibi, Eski Ermenice de i\u00e7inde Orta Fars\u00e7a ve Part\u00e7a’dan \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f kelimelerin ya da Eski \u0130ran dillerine ait unsurlar\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, farkl\u0131 k\u00f6kenlere sahip unsurlar i\u00e7erir. Eski Ermenice’deki Hint-\u0130ran k\u00f6kenli kelimeler esas olarak devlet y\u00f6netimi ve feodal d\u00fczenle ilgili ya da buna benzer terimlerdir. Bu \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 kelimeler Ermenilerin Kuzeybat\u0131 \u0130ran, Do\u011fu Anadolu ve Transkafkasya’daki n\u00fcfusun ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca Eski Ermenice’de Semitik dillerden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f en az iki dil tabakas\u0131 daha vard\u0131r. Bunlardan daha eski olan\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6kleri Kuzey Mezopotamya’daki Eski Arami leh\u00e7elerinden birine dayanmakta ve daha \u00e7ok ticaret ve el sanatlar\u0131 ya da resmi k\u00e2tip i\u015fleriyle ilgili terimler i\u00e7ermektedir. Bu terimler, Akhemenid \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun yaratm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu Do\u011fu Anadolu’daki Arami kan\u00e7\u0131laryalar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ait linguistik izleri ve M.\u00d6. II. biny\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda do\u011fudaki da\u011fl\u0131k arazi ve Mezopotamya aras\u0131nda var olan ticaret ili\u015fkilerini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bu terimlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da, M.\u00d6. 77-40 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren B\u00fcy\u00fck Tigran ve II. Artavazd’\u0131n d\u00f6nemlerinde Ermenistan’daki \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fehirlerde yerle\u015ftirilen ve Aramca ve \u0130branca konu\u015fan kent kesimi n\u00fcfusu getirmi\u015ftir. Daha sonraki tabaka, H\u0131ristiyan inanc\u0131 ve kilise ile birlikte Ermenistan’a getirilen, Aramca’n\u0131n S\u00fcryani-Edessa (Urfa) leh\u00e7esinden t\u00fcremi\u015f kilise edebiyat\u0131na ili\u015fkin kelimeleri temsil etmektedir. M.\u00d6. 500’den M.S. 500’e kadar tarihlenen bu iki tabakan\u0131n alt\u0131nda yerel sosyal ili\u015fkiler ve flora ile ilgili Hurri-Urartu k\u00f6kenli kelimeler vard\u0131r.[101]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu linguistik unsurlar Ermenilerin da\u011fl\u0131k arazilere daha \u00f6nce geldi\u011fini desteklerken, ayn\u0131 zamanda Trak-Phryg linguistik grubuna ait proto-Ermenilerin Ermeni etnik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunda yer alan ne tek ne de ana unsur olmad\u0131klar\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir. Ger\u00e7ekten de bu etnik varl\u0131k, Hurrilerin ve muhtemelen daha az derecede Hint-Avrupal\u0131lar’\u0131n bask\u0131n oldu\u011fu bir \u00e7evrede ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, \u00f6zellikle Yukar\u0131 F\u0131rat Vadisi’ndeki Eski Ermeniler, b\u00fcnyesinde Hurri, Luwi, Urmi ve Muski unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir etnik kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m olabilirdi. E\u011fer bu do\u011fruysa, Urartular\u0131n Eski Ermeni tabakas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bu heterojen birli\u011fin dili Proto-Ermenice’yle ili\u015fkiliydi. Bu, Eski Ermenice’nin bir Hurri-Urartu dili oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez ve daha \u00e7ok Hurri-Urartu dilinin Eski Ermenice’nin alt tabakas\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ispat eder. Yani da\u011fl\u0131k arazide ya\u015fayan yerel n\u00fcfusun konu\u015ftu\u011fu bir dilin k\u0131smen devam etti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.[102]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Proto-Ermeni dilinin do\u011fudaki da\u011fl\u0131k araziler boyunca yay\u0131lmas\u0131, belki daha farkl\u0131 bir Ermeni varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Akhemenid d\u00f6neminden \u00f6nce, b\u00f6lgedeki Med h\u00e2kimiyeti s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015fekil alm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fine i\u015faret etmektedir.[103]<\/em><\/b> Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Ermenistan terimi on \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Pers satrapl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, do\u011fudaki on d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc satrapl\u0131k ise Babilliler taraf\u0131ndan Urastu olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Herodotos buna bir isim vermez, ancak burada Alarodi (Urartular), Matieni (muhtemelen Hurrilerin devam\u0131) ve Saspiri (muhtemelen G\u00fcrc\u00fcler’in bat\u0131 kolu) soyundan gelenlerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahseder. Anla\u015f\u0131lan do\u011fu satrapl\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u00fcfusunun b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 Urartuca konu\u015fuyordu. Buna ra\u011fmen, Ermenistan isminin do\u011fudaki da\u011fl\u0131k arazinin t\u00fcm\u00fcnde yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131, Proto-Ermeni dilinin M.\u00d6. VI. ve V. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda satrapl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fudaki yar\u0131s\u0131na yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir kan\u0131t olarak kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. IV. ve II. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren Orontes hanedan\u0131 idaresindeki Ermeni devleti ve M.\u00d6. II. y\u00fczy\u0131lda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren Arta\u015fes hanedan\u0131 idaresindeki B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermenistan d\u00f6neminde Ermeniler ve Urartu ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 yerel a\u015firetlerin politik birle\u015fmesi sona ermi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.”[104]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Yani Ermeniler, Anadolu’ya T\u00fcrkler ula\u015fmadan uzun zaman \u00f6nce bu topraklarda ya\u015fayan, co\u011frafyam\u0131z\u0131n otokton haklar\u0131ndand\u0131r…<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

B\u0130R D\u00d6N\u00dcM NOKTASI: 1878 SENES\u0130 (VE SONRASI)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Tarih duygusu, ge\u00e7mi\u015fin ge\u00e7mi\u015finden ba\u015fka,<\/p>\n

\u015fimdili\u011fin de kavranmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.”[105]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Ermeniler i\u00e7in d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 1878 senesidir.<\/p>\n

Bu y\u0131l “Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netici eliti ile Ermeni Gregoryen Kilisesi Cemaati aras\u0131 ili\u015fkilerde bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 niteli\u011findedir. 1878 \u00f6ncesinde Ermeni cemaati ile Osmanl\u0131 devleti aras\u0131nda zaman zaman gerilimler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n -1828-1829 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131 esnas\u0131nda Ermeni g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc, 1862 Zeytun isyan\u0131 gibi- bu t\u00fcr hadiseler Ermeni-M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ili\u015fkisini belirleyici nitelikte de\u011fildi. 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Harbi sonras\u0131nda kabul edilen Berlin Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ise Osmanl\u0131 Ermeni cemaatini uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerin bir nesnesi durumuna sokmu\u015ftur. Antla\u015fman\u0131n 61. maddesine g\u00f6re Osmanl\u0131 devleti Do\u011fu Anadolu’da y\u00f6netsel reformlar yapacak ve y\u00f6re H\u0131ristiyan halk\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7erkez ve K\u00fcrt sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruyacak \u00f6nlemler alacakt\u0131. D\u00fcvel-i muazzama bu maddenin etkin bi\u00e7imde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetecekti.[106]<\/em><\/b> Bu madde Bab-\u0131 \u00c2li taraf\u0131ndan, Osmanl\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fu Anadolu b\u00f6lgesinde ortadan kalk\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinin bir ilk evresi olarak alg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nceki on y\u0131llarda S\u0131rbistan (1812, 1829, 1867) ve Cebel-i L\u00fcbnan’da (1861) g\u00f6r\u00fclen uluslararas\u0131 m\u00fcdahaleler s\u00f6z konusu b\u00f6lgelerin ya \u00f6zerkle\u015fmelerine ya da fiilen kopmalar\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftu. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin bu alg\u0131lama bi\u00e7iminden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr ki uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczlemde Ermeni meselesinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netici eliti ile Ermeni Kilisesi aras\u0131ndaki gerginli\u011fin istisnai olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p bir s\u00fcreklilik kazanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir. Ermeni Kilisesi’nin Berlin Kongresi’ne temsilciler g\u00f6ndermesi Bab-\u0131 \u00c2li taraf\u0131ndan, bundan b\u00f6yle Ermenilerin siyasal geleceklerini Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’ndan ayr\u0131 g\u00f6receklerine dair z\u0131mni bir tav\u0131r olarak tefsir edilmi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131 Ermeni cemaatinin art\u0131k d\u00fcvel-i muazzama taraf\u0131ndan -her ne kadar ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde dahi kalsa- korunaca\u011f\u0131na dair bir antla\u015fma ko\u015fulunun konmas\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 devletinin g\u00f6z\u00fcnde Ermenileri daha bir \u015f\u00fcpheli k\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bundan dolay\u0131 1878’den ba\u015flayarak Osmanl\u0131lar ile Ermeniler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler, y\u00f6neticiler ve cemaat \u00f6nderleri seviyesinden ba\u015flayarak, giderek k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmi\u015ftir.[107]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 idaresi ile Ermeni cemaati aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri sorunlu h\u00e2le getiren bir di\u011fer husus, Amerikan Protestan misyoner okullar\u0131ndan mezun gen\u00e7 Ermenilerin pek \u00e7o\u011funda farkl\u0131la\u015fan d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri idi.[108]<\/em><\/b> S\u00f6z konusu okullar\u0131 bitiren gen\u00e7ler Protestan mezhebine girmemekle beraber, Amerikan e\u011fitiminin onlara kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve ele\u015ftirel bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yap\u0131s\u0131na sahiplerdi ve gerek Osmanl\u0131 devletini, gerekse Ermeni cemaat kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 gerici ve koku\u015fmu\u015f olarak alg\u0131l\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu gen\u00e7 Ermenilerden bir\u00e7o\u011fu ayr\u0131ca o d\u00f6nemde \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusyas\u0131’nda gizli faaliyetlerde bulunan sosyal demokrat hareketin devrimci fikriyat\u0131ndan etkilenmi\u015fti. S\u00f6z konusu ku\u015faktan bir\u00e7ok gen\u00e7 1880 sonras\u0131nda Ermeni cemaat mekteplerine \u00f6\u011fretmen tayin edilmi\u015fti. Cemaat y\u00f6netimi giderek bu yeni ku\u015fak Ermeni gen\u00e7li\u011fini kontrol edemez h\u00e2le gelmi\u015fti. Ne var ki Osmanl\u0131 idaresi devrimci Ermenilerin otorite kabul etmez hareketlerinden dolay\u0131 do\u011frudan do\u011fruya Ermeni cemaat y\u00f6netimini sorumlu tutmaktayd\u0131.[109]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Zikredilmesi gereken bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc nokta Abd\u00fclhamid rejiminin \u00f6zel karakteridir. Osmanl\u0131 imparatorlu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tam bir felaket anlam\u0131na gelen 1877-1878 Osmanl\u0131-Rus Sava\u015f\u0131 ve bunu takip eden toprak yitimi, ayr\u0131ca patlak veren Arnavut, Arap ve K\u00fcrt ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 hareketleri, esas\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 idarecileri de dahil hi\u00e7 kimsede, imparatorlu\u011fun uzun vadeli devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir inan\u00e7 b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu olumsuz ko\u015fullar Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netici elitinde bir t\u00fcr \u2018daimi kriz ve s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim h\u00e2li’ psikolojisi yaratarak Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131n \u015eubat 1878’de kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, kent ve kasabalar\u0131n hafiye g\u00f6zetimi alt\u0131na girmesini ve sivil ya\u015fam\u0131n bo\u011fulmas\u0131n\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve bas\u0131n hayat\u0131nda sans\u00fcr\u00fcn en a\u011f\u0131r bi\u00e7imiyle egemen olmas\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getirdi, ideolojik d\u00fczlemde ise Tanzimat’\u0131n nispeten \u00e7o\u011fulcu say\u0131labilecek Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k projesi yerini \u0130sl\u00e2mc\u0131l\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131na b\u0131rakt\u0131. Berlin Kongresi ile \u00e7izilen yeni s\u0131n\u0131rlar dahilinde kalan H\u0131ristiyan n\u00fcfusun genel n\u00fcfus i\u00e7indeki nisbeti ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da siyasal a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azald\u0131. K\u0131sacas\u0131, 1878 sonras\u0131nda Ermeni okullar\u0131, kriz psikolojisi, ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2l durumu, hafiye g\u00f6zetimi ve artan \u0130sl\u00e2mc\u0131l\u0131k atmosferi dahilinde faaliyet g\u00f6stermek durumunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.”[110]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Sorunlar\u0131n katland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fczerg\u00e2hta yani “1912-1914 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, Do\u011fu Anadolu’da Ermenilerin yo\u011funluklu olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131 vilayette yap\u0131lacak reformlarla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler ve bu s\u00fcrecin sonunda Rusya ve Osmanl\u0131 devletleri aras\u0131nda imzalanan antla\u015fma Ermeni Sorunu’nun \u00f6nemli bir a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u20181915-16 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Anadolu’daki Ermeni toplumunun imhas\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131n tarihi’nin[111]<\/em><\/b> \u00f6nemli bir halkas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. 1914 Reformlar\u0131 tarih literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde genellikle uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler ba\u011flam\u0131nda ele al\u0131n\u0131r ve Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck devletler aras\u0131 rekabetin bir safhas\u0131 olarak anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Ben, meselenin bu boyutunun hayatiyetini g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemekle birlikte, konuya i\u00e7erden bir bak\u0131\u015f atman\u0131n da faydal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Reformlar i\u00e7in pazarl\u0131klar s\u00fcrerken \u0130stanbul’daki Ermeni siyasi elitinin ne gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, s\u00fcrece ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde m\u00fcdahil olabildi\u011fi, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131larla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerinde nelerin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu h\u00e2kim ruh h\u00e2lini kavramak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir hayli \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Reform meselesi \u00f6ncelikle Ermeni vilayetlerinde uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcrmekte olan huzursuzlukla ilgilidir. Bilindi\u011fi gibi Osmanl\u0131 Ermeni toplumu Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6nemi boyunca, s\u00fcregiden toprak meselesinden, m\u00fcsaderelerden, silahl\u0131 a\u015firetlerin bask\u0131lar\u0131ndan, \u00e7ifte vergilendirmeden, muhacir gruplar\u0131n\u0131n kendi topraklar\u0131nda ya da civar k\u00f6ylerde isk\u00e2n edilmesinden mustaripti. Ermeni devrimci \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bu arkaplan \u00fczerine oturtabiliriz. 1890’l\u0131 y\u0131llardan itibaren Abd\u00fclhamid rejimini devirmek i\u00e7in imparatorluktaki \u00e7e\u015fitli muhalif gruplarla ve bu arada J\u00f6nt\u00fcrklerle giderek artan temaslar kurmalar\u0131 sonucunda Ermeni devrimci \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin program ve s\u00f6ylemlerinde g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr bir de\u011fi\u015fim de ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her ne kadar J\u00f6nt\u00fcrklerle \u00f6zellikle Ermeni meselesinin alg\u0131lan\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda hayli \u00e7etin sorunlar\u0131n var oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclse de, bu temaslardan sonra Ermeni devrimci \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin art\u0131k Osmanl\u0131 devletinin toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 daha sayg\u0131l\u0131 bir dil tutturduklar\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. Paris’te toplanan 1902 ve 1907 muhalifler kongreleri, \u00f6zellikle 1907’deki, d\u00f6nemin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olan Ta\u015fnaktsutyun’un ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k idealinden en az\u0131ndan s\u00f6ylemsel bir adem-i merkeziyet\u00e7ili\u011fe meyletti\u011finin g\u00f6stergesidir.[112]<\/em><\/b> Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm sonucunda Ta\u015fnaktsutyun 1907’deki kongresinde \u2018Osmanl\u0131 Ermenistan\u0131’ \u00fczerindeki birincil siyasi hedefini \u015fu \u015fekilde ifade etmi\u015ftir: \u2018B\u00fct\u00fcn se\u00e7imlerin \u0131rk, din ve cinsiyet ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeksizin, genellik, e\u015fitlik, gizlilik ve nispilik temelinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi me\u015fruti bir Osmanl\u0131 Devleti s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde, b\u00f6lgesel adem-i merkeziyet ve federatif ba\u011flar \u00fczerinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f siyasi ve sosyal h\u00fcrriyet.’[113]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Ermeni toplumu genel olarak II. Me\u015frutiyet’i co\u015fkuyla kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015f, ona b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlar ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, iki b\u00fcy\u00fck Ermeni partisi Ta\u015fnaktsutyun ile H\u0131n\u00e7akyan, Osmanl\u0131 partiler sistemine dahil olmu\u015f, Me\u015frutiyet’e ve Kanun-u Esasi’ye ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmi\u015ftir. Ta\u015fnaklar \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti ile 1907’deki kongreden sonra \u00fc\u00e7 kez, 1908’de, 1909’da ve 1912’de ittifak anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015f, 31 Mart g\u00fcnlerinde de H\u0131n\u00e7aklarla birlikte \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda saf tutmu\u015flard\u0131r. Adana olaylar\u0131nda 20-30 bin kadar Ermeni’nin katledilmesinden sonra ciddi bir g\u00fcven bunal\u0131m\u0131 ya\u015fansa da \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti-Ta\u015fnak ittifak\u0131 devam etmi\u015f ve bu ittifak \u2018gerici’lere kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede i\u015fbirli\u011fi temelinde a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. H\u0131n\u00e7aklar da \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’ne muhalif siyasi olu\u015fumlarla, Prens Sabahaddin’in Te\u015febb\u00fcs-\u00fc \u015eahsi ve Adem-i Merkeziyet Cemiyeti ile daha sonra kurulan H\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130tilaf F\u0131rkas\u0131’yla siyasi ili\u015fki kurmu\u015ftur.[114]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu siyasi i\u015fbirli\u011fi denemeleri Ermeni meselesinin siyasi uzla\u015fma temelinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ile ilgili bir beklentinin sonucuydu. \u00d6zellikle toprak meselesi ve do\u011fu vilayetlerinde ya\u015fanan hak ihl\u00e2lleri her zaman g\u00fcndemdeydi ve d\u00f6nemin bas\u0131n\u0131nda Patriklik’in bu konunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in Bab-\u0131 \u00c2li’ye verdi\u011fi takrirler[115]<\/em><\/b> s\u0131k s\u0131k haber olmu\u015ftur, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n meselenin h\u00e2lli i\u00e7in att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131mlar b\u00f6lgede a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman unsurun sert tepkisiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve genellikle sonu\u00e7suz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[116]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Reform meselesini b\u00f6ylesi bir siyasi ba\u011flama oturtmak yerinde olur. Yani \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar dahil herkesin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011finde hemfikir oldu\u011fu bir toprak, m\u00fclkiyet ve haklar sorunu vard\u0131r, ancak 1908’den 1912’ye kadar bu sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in bir \u015fey yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f\/yap\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; sorunlar artarak devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Meselenin uluslararas\u0131 boyutunu ise \u00e7ift kutuplu bir rekabet sarmal\u0131n\u0131n bir halkas\u0131 olarak kabul edebiliriz. Osmanl\u0131 devletinin Do\u011fu vilayetlerini n\u00fcfuz alan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6ren Rusya’n\u0131n \u0130ngiliz ve Frans\u0131zlarla bulundu\u011fu \u0130tilaf kamp\u0131 ve bu b\u00f6lgede onun rakibi konumundaki Almanya’n\u0131n Avusturya-Macaristan ve \u0130talya ile birlikte bulundu\u011fu ittifak kamp\u0131… Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere Osmanl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin ve \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck korkusu Rusya’n\u0131n b\u00f6lgeye m\u00fcdahalesiydi ve bu y\u00fczden reform meselesi 1912’de ilk kez uluslararas\u0131 arenaya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Rus m\u00fcdahalesinin bertaraf edilmesi i\u00e7in \u0130ngilizlere inisiyatif alma teklifinde bulunuldu, \u0130ngilizler m\u00fcttefikleri Ruslarla ili\u015fkilerinin bozulmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bu \u00f6neriyi reddedince \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n Almanlarla yak\u0131nla\u015fmaktan ba\u015fka yolu kalmad\u0131. Talat ve Cemal Pa\u015fa ile Halil Mente\u015fe an\u0131lar\u0131nda \u0130ngilizlerin kendi tekliflerini geri \u00e7evirmesini ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla anlat\u0131rlar.[117]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Reform meselesi \u00f6zellikle 1913’\u00fcn bahar ve g\u00fcz aylar\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin konusu olur. Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Londra Konferans\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ruslar reform meselesini g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere bir konferans toplanmas\u0131 teklifinde bulunurlar. Temmuz ay\u0131nda Avusturya-Macaristan el\u00e7ili\u011finin Yenik\u00f6y’deki yazl\u0131k binas\u0131nda alt\u0131 devletin b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ilerinin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla bir konferans toplan\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler bir s\u00fcre sonra iki taraf\u0131n kat\u0131 tutumu nedeniyle t\u0131kan\u0131r. \u00dczerinde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen Ermeni-Rus reform tasla\u011f\u0131, alt\u0131 vilayete[118]<\/em><\/b> yabanc\u0131 bir genel m\u00fcfetti\u015f atanmas\u0131n\u0131, bu b\u00f6lgede idari ve askeri g\u00f6revlere Ermenilerin ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n e\u015fit say\u0131da al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin ve vilayet enc\u00fcmenlerinin yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya Ermenilerden olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Alman taraf\u0131 ise bu projeyi radikal bulmakta ve Osmanl\u0131 devletinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na m\u00fcdahale olarak g\u00f6rmektedir. Neticede g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler t\u0131kan\u0131r, ama en az\u0131ndan meselenin temel noktalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fmu\u015f olur. Almanlar ve Ruslar istedikleri sonucu elde etmek i\u00e7in birbirleriyle anla\u015fmak gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Nitekim, yakla\u015f\u0131k iki ay sonra, eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda Alman-Rus mutabakat\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. 8 \u015eubat 1914’te Osmanl\u0131 ve Rus devletlerinin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 antla\u015fma b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131ndaki bu mutabakat\u0131n sonucudur.<\/p>\n

1914’\u00fcn \u015fubat ay\u0131nda imzalanan antla\u015fma alt\u0131 vilayeti iki ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r, iki b\u00f6lgenin de ba\u015f\u0131na birer yabanc\u0131 genel m\u00fcfetti\u015f getirilmektedir. B\u00f6lgede resmi dairelerde Ermenice ve di\u011fer yerel diller de kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Yap\u0131lacak n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na kadar enc\u00fcmenlerde nispi temsil oran\u0131 uygulanacakt\u0131r. Ermeni n\u00fcfusun vilayet merkezlerinde \u00e7o\u011funlukta oldu\u011fu Van ve Bitlis’te bu oran say\u0131ma kadar yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya olacakt\u0131r. Memuriyetler imk\u00e2nlar dahilinde yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Genel m\u00fcfetti\u015fin kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda toprak meselesine \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunacakt\u0131r. Ermeni okullar\u0131 maarifle ilgili vergilerden Ermenilerin \u00f6dedi\u011fi vergi kadar pay alacakt\u0131r ve Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 ordu b\u00fcnyesine al\u0131nacak ve kademeli olarak la\u011fvedilecektir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler imzalanan bu antla\u015fmay\u0131 b\u00f6lgeyi tamam\u0131yla Rusya’ya teslim eden bir ad\u0131m olarak g\u00f6rmekten ho\u015flan\u0131rlar. A\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ki bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce 1915’te ya\u015fanan Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n hakl\u0131 gerek\u00e7eleri oldu\u011fu fikrinden ilham almaklad\u0131r. Ancak so\u011fukkanl\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirme, her kesimin gereklili\u011fini mutlak olarak kabul etti\u011fi b\u00f6ylesi bir anla\u015fman\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 konjonkt\u00fcr\u00fcn bask\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fekillenmi\u015f, Almanya vas\u0131tas\u0131yla Osmanl\u0131 devletinin isteklerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmesi ve Ruslar\u0131n bariz baz\u0131 tavizler vermesiyle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f bir siyasi uzla\u015fma oldu\u011funu g\u00f6recektir.<\/p>\n

Antla\u015fmayla ilgili daha ciddi sorunlar Ermeniler ve T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin m\u00fczakerelerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00fcre\u00e7te ciddi yaralar alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yla ilgilidir.”[119]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“\u0130LK” S\u0130NYAL: “ADANA \u0130\u011eT\u0130\u015eA\u015eI” VE \u00d6TES\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Senin vicdan\u0131n senden<\/p>\n

ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 temsil edemez.”[120]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“1909 Nisan’\u0131nda, 14 Nisan-27 Nisan aras\u0131nda, Adana’da b\u00fcy\u00fck can ve mal kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7an \u015fiddet, ilk bak\u0131\u015fta hi\u00e7 karma\u015f\u0131k de\u011fildir. A\u011fustos 1909 itibariyle h\u00fck\u00fcmetin i\u011fti\u015fa\u015f, yerel h\u00fck\u00fcmet temsilcilerinin vaka, Ermeni kaynaklar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun facia, misyoner ve yabanc\u0131 dilde bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kaynaklar\u0131n katliam dedikleri 13 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren olaylar hakk\u0131nda asl\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn bu s\u00f6ylemler aras\u0131nda ortak bir payda vard\u0131r. Bu da sonu\u00e7ta pek \u00e7ok Ermeni’nin \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu konusundaki fikir birli\u011fidir. Fakat bu fikir birli\u011fine hemen var\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nisan’dan A\u011fustos’a dek s\u00fcren uzun ve karma\u015f\u0131k bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonunda h\u00fck\u00fcmetin tavr\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir durumdur. Olaylar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ba\u015flayan cezai s\u00fcre\u00e7te, vali, mutasarr\u0131f ve askeri kadrolar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ve birden fazla Divan-\u0131 Harp ve \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6zlem-denetleme komisyonlar\u0131 ile \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6steren bir s\u00fcrecin sonucudur.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcreci a\u00e7\u0131nca da, Adanal\u0131lar\u0131n 1908 devrimi sonras\u0131 bu 13 g\u00fcnde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n karma\u015fas\u0131 ve bu be\u015f ay i\u00e7inde siyasi ortamdaki dalgalanmalar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. 31 Mart vakas\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlere rastlayan \u2018Adana Vakas\u0131’ bize 1908 devrimi ve sonras\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 devleti i\u00e7in pek\u00e7ok ipucu verir – en \u00f6nemli ipucu da devlet i\u00e7i ve devlet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 siyasetlerin d\u00fcz ve net bir \u00e7izgi izlemedi\u011fi, tam tersine kafalar\u0131n ne kadar kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fudur. Nisan 1909’dan sonra Adana-\u0130stanbul ili\u015fkilerindeki dalgalanmalar be\u015f ay kadar s\u00fcrer ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin Adana Ermenileri ile ilgili herhangi bir karara bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde varamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Be\u015f ay\u0131n sonunda bir tav\u0131r al\u0131n\u0131r. (…)<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7ta Cemal Pa\u015fa’ya g\u00f6re 17 bin Ermeni, 1850 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Adana Piskoposlu\u011fu Raporu’na g\u00f6re 17.844 Patrikhane Soru\u015fturma Heyeti Raporu 21.361 diyor. \u00c7e\u015fitli konsolosluklara g\u00f6re 20 bin \u00f6l\u00fc var. Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 hasar\u0131 5 milyon lira olarak hesapl\u0131yor. Yine piskoposluk raporuna g\u00f6re toplam 24 kilise, 16 okul, 2323 ev, 24 han, 3 otel, 2 fabrika, 1429 ba\u011fevi, 253 \u00e7iftlik, 1002 \u00e7oban kul\u00fcbesi, 523 d\u00fckk\u00e2n ve 23 de\u011firmen hasar g\u00f6r\u00fcr. O zamanlar Adana’da 20 \u00e7\u0131r\u00e7\u0131r fabrikas\u0131, 50 han, 12 otel, 12 tiyatro kumpanyas\u0131, 20 cami ve 12 kilise var.<\/p>\n

Cemal Pa\u015fa vali olunca ev ve d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kredi bulur. Bir de in\u015faat Komisyonu kurar. D\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde Ermeni mahallesinin yeniden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. I\u011fti\u015f\u00e2\u015ftan sonra kurulan bu mahalle \u00c7ar\u00e7abuk Mahallesi ad\u0131yla al\u0131n\u0131r.”[121]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

“\u0130lk” sinyal olarak da alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan Adana \u0130\u011fti\u015fa\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n planl\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia edenlerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck dayana\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde Selanik, Erzincan, Erzurum, Konya, Kayseri, Mersin ve Adana’da da benzer nitelikli olaylar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

“Kilikya (Adana havalisi), Ermeni n\u00fcfusun yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu, ancak 1894-96 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda zarar g\u00f6rmemi\u015f b\u00f6lgelerden biriydi. Zengin bir liman b\u00f6lgesi olan Adana’da ticaret Ermenilerin elindeydi. Me\u015frutiyet’in ilan\u0131 b\u00f6lgede zaten hassas olan dengelerin bozulmas\u0131na neden oldu. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-T\u00fcrk kesim, art\u0131k \u2018millet-i h\u00e2kime’ olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in rahats\u0131zd\u0131lar. Ermeniler ise verilen haklardan tatmin olmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Anayasan\u0131n herkese silah ta\u015f\u0131ma hakk\u0131 vermesi, T\u00fcrk olsun, Ermeni olsun t\u00fcm halk\u0131n silahlanmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O s\u0131ralarda, \u00e7evre illerden gelen mevsimlik i\u015f\u00e7ilerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu karga\u015fa i\u00e7indeki \u015fehre, 31 Mart Vakas\u0131n\u0131n haberleri ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015f sadece bir k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131ma kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 23 Nisan’da Hareket Ordusu \u0130stanbul’a girdi\u011finde Adana kan g\u00f6l\u00fcne d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc bile.<\/p>\n

Olaylar\u0131 soru\u015fturmak \u00fczere h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgede incelemeler yapan Kastamonu mebusu Yusuf Ziya (Tengir\u015fenk) ile Tekirda\u011f mebusu Agop Babikyan’un raporuna g\u00f6re olaylarda 21 bin Ermeni hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. Cemal Pa\u015fa da an\u0131lar\u0131nda, Adana’da 17 bin Ermeni ile 1.850 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman’\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yazar.[122]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Yusuf Ziya Beyin olaylara ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc (sadele\u015ftirilmi\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ile) \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u2018Yabanc\u0131 m\u00fcdahalesi sayesinde ayr\u0131 bir krall\u0131k kurmak amac\u0131yla giri\u015filmi\u015f bir Ermeni ihtilaline kesinlikle inanmam. E\u011fer b\u00f6yle bir ama\u00e7lar\u0131 olsayd\u0131, topluca da\u011fa \u00e7ekilir, oradan kendilerini savunabilirlerdi (…) Bundan ba\u015fka revolver ve av t\u00fcfeklerinden ba\u015fka bir \u015feyle silahl\u0131 olmayan Ermenilerin geli\u015fkin Osmanl\u0131 ordusuna kar\u015f\u0131 gelebileceklerini varsaymak sa\u00e7ma olur. Yabanc\u0131 m\u00fcdahaleye gelince, biraz politikadan anlamak, b\u00f6yle bir fikrin sa\u00e7mal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamaya yeter.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara gelince onlar\u0131n pek \u00e7o\u011funun, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin, ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131n, dinlerinin tehlikede bulundu\u011funa ger\u00e7ekten inand\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesindeyim. Cehaletleri b\u00f6yle bir durumun olanaks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamayacak kadar \u00e7ok idi. \u0130\u00e7lerinden bir\u00e7o\u011fu Ermenilerce verilen k\u00fcstah\u00e7a s\u00f6ylevlerle k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (…) bundan ba\u015fka ya\u011fma h\u0131rs\u0131 \u00e7evrenin \u00e7apulcular\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmi\u015fti.’<\/p>\n

Yusuf Kemal Bey, raporunu h\u00fck\u00fcmete vermesine ra\u011fmen Agop Babikyan’\u0131n raporunu vermeden \u015f\u00fcpheli bi\u00e7imde \u00f6lmesi, h\u00fck\u00fcmeti zor durumda b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f, uzun bir s\u00fcre\u00e7ten sonra, tutuklu bulunan 130’u M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, 95’i gayrim\u00fcslim (\u00e7o\u011fu Ermeni) 225 ki\u015fiden, dokuz M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, alt\u0131 Ermeni su\u00e7lu bulunarak 10 Haziran 1909’da idam edilmi\u015fti. \u0130damlardan sonra da olaylar devam etmi\u015f, ortal\u0131k ancak, Adana Valisi Cemal Beyin 47 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ile 1 Ermeni’yi daha idam ettirmesinden sonra durulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n II. Me\u015frutiyet s\u00fcreci ile ba\u015flayan \u2018demokratik’ hava i\u00e7erisinde Ermeni cemaatinde yaratmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcven duygusu, Adana olaylar\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ancak, 31 Mart Vakas\u0131’ndan sonra iktidara iyice yerle\u015fen \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n su\u00e7lular\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdikleri gayret \u00fczerine ili\u015fkiler d\u00fczeldi ve iki \u00f6rg\u00fct, \u2018ilerleme, anayasa ve birlik u\u011frunda ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada bulunma, gericilere kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele etme ve eski istibdat rejimi zaman\u0131nda yay\u0131lan Ermenilerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 yolundaki yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri silmek i\u00e7in’ birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya karar verdiler. Olaylardan d\u00f6rt ay sonra kabineye bir Ermeni bakan al\u0131nd\u0131 ve 1912 se\u00e7imlerinde i\u015fbirli\u011fi yap\u0131ld\u0131. I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 arifesine kadar olduk\u00e7a olumlu bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcren ili\u015fkilerin bozulmas\u0131ndan sonra ya\u015fananlar ise herkesin malumu”ydu.[123]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“OLAN(LAR)”!<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“R\u00fczg\u00e2r yoksa<\/p>\n

dalga da yoktur.”[124]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“1800’l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren Ermeniler \u00fczerine uygulan \u015fiddet ve ya\u011fma hareketleri, imparatorlu\u011fun \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f s\u00fcrecine girmesinin de itelemesiyle sistemli bir politikaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Abd\u00fclhamit’in \u2018Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131’ bu politikan\u0131n \u00e7ok belirgin bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir ve bu y\u0131llarda ya\u015fananlar 1915-1916 y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n habercisidir. Abd\u00fclhamit y\u0131llar\u0131nda ilgili sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc, K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u2018\u00e7eteler’ arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sa\u011flan\u0131yor, Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen bu hukuki \u00e7eteler yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 ordusu devreye sokularak sorun h\u00e2llediliyordu. Bu durum h\u00fck\u00fcmete d\u0131\u015f politikada da baz\u0131 kolayl\u0131klar sa\u011fl\u0131yordu. Ancak b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7\u0131karlar -bunu \u2018emperyalist politikalar’ \u015feklinde okumakta olanakl\u0131- g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011finde Ermenileri an\u0131msayan \u2018bat\u0131’, vicdan\u0131n\u0131 rahatlatma yolunu Osmanl\u0131 \u00fczerinden sa\u011fl\u0131yordu, bu da emperyalizmin bu ba\u011flamdaki pragmatik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rneklemektedir. Bu \u00f6rnek devaml\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Genellikle bir provokasyonu takiben ba\u015flayan ya\u011fma ve katliamlar h\u0131zla b\u00f6lgeden b\u00f6lgeye yay\u0131l\u0131yor, zaman zaman ilgin\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde \u015fiddeti azal\u0131yor sonra yine provokasyon oldu\u011fu ku\u015fku g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez bir olay\u0131n ard\u0131ndan tekrar ve daha \u015fiddetli bir \u015fekilde ba\u015fl\u0131yordu. Gerek an\u0131lan y\u0131llarda gerekse ele alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u2018tehcir’ y\u0131llar\u0131nda Anadolu’nun bir\u00e7ok ilinde Ermeni n\u00fcfus bulunmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Trabzon’dan Erzurum’a, Sivas ve Diyarbak\u0131r’dan Ankara, Kastamonu, Bursa’ya dek t\u00fcm illerdeki Ermeni halk\u0131 bu \u015fiddetten pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015feni al\u0131yordu. \u0130stanbul ve Trakya illerinde ya\u015fayanlar ise, el\u00e7iliklere ve \u2018Avrupa’ya yak\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle ve konjonkt\u00fcrel durumun kendilerine sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fanstan zaman zaman yararlan\u0131yorlard\u0131!<\/p>\n

Abd\u00fclhamit \u2018istibdad\u0131na’ kar\u015f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve imparatorlu\u011fu kurtarma slogan\u0131 etraf\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen J\u00f6n T\u00fcrk hareketi ve 1908 darbesi ile rahatlamay\u0131 uman Ermeniler bu umutlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra s\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rd\u00fcler. \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe \u2018Pan-T\u00fcrkizm’le kar\u015f\u0131 koyma hezeyan\u0131na kap\u0131lan \u0130ttihat ve Terakki y\u00f6netimi, iktidara geli\u015finin ard\u0131ndan Anadolu’daki Ermenileri g\u00fcndemine ald\u0131, Ermeniler Pan-T\u00fcrkizm ile Kafkasya-Orta Asya aras\u0131nda, \u00fcstelikte M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan bir halk olarak varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Emperyalist payla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kaotik ortam, uzun zamandan beri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen plan\u0131n uygulamaya sokulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in e\u015fi bulunmaz bir f\u0131rsat yarat\u0131yordu. Ve b\u00f6ylece kimi yazarlara g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz bin, kimilerine g\u00f6re ise bir bu\u00e7uk milyon Ermeni’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle sonu\u00e7lanacak s\u00fcre\u00e7 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn bir\u00e7ok yazar ulusal kimliklerin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda bir ba\u015fka ulusu \u2018d\u00fc\u015fman’ olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcp m\u00fccadelede hedef olarak se\u00e7menin \u00f6nemi konusunda \u00e7e\u015fitli teoriler ortaya s\u00fcrerler. Bunun do\u011fru oldu\u011funu kabul edersek, T\u00fcrkler i\u00e7in XX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda ve devam\u0131nda Rum ve Ermenilere duyulan nefretin realizasyonunu, daha kolay yapmak olanakl\u0131 h\u00e2le gelir.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131’da s\u00fcrekli toprak kaybeden bitik Osmanl\u0131 i\u00e7in kurtulu\u015f Do\u011fu’ya, Orta Asya’ya a\u00e7\u0131lmaktan ge\u00e7iyordu. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n realizasyonu ise \u2018T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck’ ideolojisiyle yerine getiriliyordu. Ku\u015fkusuz y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r \u2018\u00fcmmet’ kavram\u0131 ile yeti\u015fmi\u015f Osmanl\u0131 \u2018ayd\u0131n\u0131’ i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck ideolojisinin de somut bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 bulmas\u0131 zorunlu h\u00e2le gelmi\u015fti. Bu nedenle \u2018T\u00fcrk Yurdu’ ve \u2018T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131’ kavramlar\u0131 \u2018H\u0131ristiyan unsurlardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir toprak par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131’ dayatmaktayd\u0131. Ve art\u0131k i\u015f sadece eyleme kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131!”[125]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n son d\u00f6nemlerinde meydana gelen k\u0131y\u0131mlar\u0131n doruk noktas\u0131 1915’i[126]<\/em><\/b> T\u00fcrkiye’deki sosyalist hareketin \u00f6nderlerinden, 1916’da do\u011fan ve Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n son d\u00f6nem \u00f6yk\u00fclerini dinleyerek okuyan Mihri Belli \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetliyor: “1915 iktidardaki \u0130ttihat ve Terakki taraf\u0131ndan Alman efendilerinin onay\u0131yla sonunda 1.5 milyon insan\u0131n telef oldu\u011fu bir soyk\u0131r\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen Ermeni tehcirini tezgahlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015foven duygular\u0131n\u0131n alabildi\u011fine k\u00f6r\u00fcklendi\u011fi y\u0131ld\u0131r.”[127]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“OLAN(LAR)IN NEDEN”\u0130 YA DA \u0130TT\u0130HAT\u00c7I PROJEN\u0130N \u00d6ZET\u0130: <\/strong><\/p>\n

“ISLAH” ED\u0130LMEM\u0130\u015e HALKIN “ISLAH” ED\u0130LMEM\u0130\u015e B\u00d6LGEYE NAKL\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Dikkatsiz insan, ormanda y\u00fcr\u00fcr de,<\/p>\n

yak\u0131lacak odun g\u00f6rmez.” [128]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Olan(lar)”\u0131n ard\u0131nda, boylu boyunca \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 proje yatmaktad\u0131r!<\/em><\/p>\n

Fuat D\u00fcndar’\u0131n izah etti\u011fi \u00fczere, “\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n Anadolu’nun T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmesi n\u00fcfus m\u00fchendisli\u011finin, Ermeniler \u00fczerindeki prati\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in kurguyu biraz daha geriden almak farz. Bu tarih, 1914’e kadar Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n Bulgarlardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flar, Edirne ve Trakya tamamen Bulgars\u0131zla\u015f\u0131r. Akabinde, Rumlara y\u00f6nelik bir \u2018kovma’ politikas\u0131 ba\u015flar. Ama s\u00f6z konusu n\u00fcfus, Bulgarlardan onlarca kat fazla ve \u00e7ok daha geni\u015f bir alana yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Sava\u015f\u0131n arifesine kadar t\u00fcm 1914 y\u0131l\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin i\u015fin i\u00e7inde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, operasyonu Te\u015fkil\u00e2t\u0131 Mahsusa’n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Makedon \u00e7etelerinden olu\u015fmu\u015f gruplar\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 korku ortam\u0131yla 150 bin \u00fcst\u00fcnde bir n\u00fcfus Trakya ve \u0130zmir’den ka\u00e7maya zorlan\u0131r. Balkanlar’daki Pan-H\u0131ristiyan politika ve Cemiyet’in te\u015fvik politikas\u0131 ile 300 bine yak\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Anadolu’ya g\u00f6\u00e7 eder. Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131na girildi\u011finde yeni uluslararas\u0131 konsept gere\u011fi, Rumlar\u0131n kovulmas\u0131 politikas\u0131na son verilmek zorunda kal\u0131n\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Almanya, kendi kanatlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda yaratmak istedi\u011fi bir Osmanl\u0131-Yunan ittifak\u0131na zarar verir ve Yunan Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fman devletlere yana\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r diye buna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n boyun e\u011fmek d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7aresi yoktur.<\/p>\n

1915’in ba\u015f\u0131nda Balkanl\u0131 muhacirlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, Bulgar ve Rumlar\u0131n yerlerine iskan edilir, geriye bir miktar iskan edilmemi\u015f muhacir kal\u0131r. S\u0131radaki hedef Ermeni yerle\u015fim yerleridir. Hem bu muhacirlere bir an \u00f6nce bar\u0131nacak bir yer bulmak gerekir hem de direni\u015f\u00e7i kilit co\u011frafi yerleri bitirmek. \u00dcstelik sava\u015f\u0131n sundu\u011fu f\u0131rsat sayesinde kolayl\u0131kla Ermeni b\u00f6lgelerine iskan yap\u0131labilecektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r, d\u0131\u015f devletlerin ba\u015fta Rusya’n\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Osmanl\u0131 Ermeni yerle\u015fim yerlerine muhacir iskan edemiyordu. 1915 \u015eubat’\u0131nda Zeytun’da ilk \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, Ayintab civarlar\u0131na iskan i\u00e7in sevkedilmi\u015f muhacirler haz\u0131r olarak bekliyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Muhacirlerin iskan sorununun Ermeni olaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndaki rol\u00fcn\u00fc Sadrazam Said Halim Pa\u015fa hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek bi\u00e7imde \u015f\u00f6yle ifade eder: \u2018Ayr\u0131ca son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrklerin elinden \u00e7\u0131kan vilayetlerden Anadolu’ya g\u00f6\u00e7 eden M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmeleri konusunu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek gerekir’. Bu izahat Sadrazam’\u0131n Alman Maslahatg\u00fczar\u0131 Hohenlohe’a Ermeni tehcirini izah etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nedenlerden biridir. Hem ayr\u0131ca, Ermeni tehciri ile ilgili yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ilk talimatnamelerin t\u00fcm\u00fcnde de \u2018muhacir’lere y\u00f6nelik maddeler vard\u0131r; bo\u015falt\u0131lan Ermeni k\u00f6ylerine muhacirler iskan edilecektir.<\/p>\n

Ermeni direni\u015f b\u00f6lgelerini muhacir iskan\u0131 ile h\u00e2lledece\u011fini sanan \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n zaten her derde tek bir re\u00e7eteleri vard\u0131r: N\u00fcfusun yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi. Mart ay\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda Talat Pa\u015fa emreder, \u2018Ermenilerin harek\u00e2t ve faaliyetleri tezayud eden menat\u0131kda son derecede \u015fiddet ve s\u00fcratle hareket olunmak ve her vakay\u0131 m\u00fcessir ve kat\u0131 vesait ile mahallinde esbab\u0131 vukuyla birlikte imha etmek icap eder’. \u0130mhan\u0131n sadece ve sadece silahl\u0131 Ermenileri de\u011fil, ama bir ad\u0131m \u00f6tesi \u2018sebepleriyle’ birlikte imhas\u0131, bizlere \u015fiddetin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fctle hakk\u0131nda ufak bir fikir verir.<\/p>\n

Bu Zeytun’da da tekrarlan\u0131r. \u00c7ok miktarda asker ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bu b\u00f6lgeyi hedef alan \u015eubat 1915 operasyonu, kanl\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tetikler. Her direni\u015fin ezilmesini ailelerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc takip eder. Zeytun sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in Zeytun Ermenisizle\u015ftirilmelidir. Daha do\u011fuda, benzeri yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme operasyonlar\u0131 olsa da, Ermenilerin Kilikya dedi\u011fi bu b\u00f6lgedeki s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler, \u0130stanbul’daki Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir heyecan yarat\u0131r. Rumlara yap\u0131lanlar hat\u0131rlardad\u0131r, bir benzeri \u015fimdi Ermenilere uygulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermenilerin s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc ve muhacirlerin iskan\u0131 ya\u015fananlar\u0131n basit bir asker ka\u00e7aklar\u0131 pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015fmek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, derinlerdeki bir T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme politikas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrdeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir buzda\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair hi\u00e7 ku\u015fku yoktur. \u0130stanbul istim \u00fczerindedir, ba\u015fkentin d\u00fc\u015fmesi bir an meselesidir, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da ufak bir direni\u015f oda\u011f\u0131na bile tahamm\u00fcl yoktur. Bug\u00fcnler ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00c7anakkale’ye olas\u0131 bir kara \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fi g\u00fcnlerdir. Uzun y\u0131llardan beri beklenen, Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine kar\u015f\u0131 operasyon ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Aralar\u0131nda Ta\u015fnak’\u0131n bulundu\u011fu \u00f6rg\u00fctler ile uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen siyasi m\u00fccadelelerin son viraj\u0131na girilir. S\u00f6z s\u0131ras\u0131 \u015fimdi, sava\u015f gerek ve gerek\u00e7eleri ile birlikte iktidar g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc arkas\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f olan \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lardad\u0131r. 24 Nisan gecesi 250, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde 2400’\u00fc a\u015facak bir Ermeni ayd\u0131n k\u00fctlesini hedef alan bir polisiye operasyon yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bu operasyonlar\u0131n as\u0131l sebebini Talat Pa\u015fa an\u0131lar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle itiraf eder: \u2018Anadolu’nun \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde sevkiyat ba\u015flay\u0131nca, bu \u0130stanbul’daki Ermeniler aras\u0131nda ve \u00f6zellikle komitelerde b\u00fcy\u00fck heyecan yaratt\u0131. Ermeni komitelerinin y\u00f6netim merkezi, yani d\u0131\u015f \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn beyni \u0130stanbul’da bulunuyordu. Bu \u015fehir ayn\u0131 zamanda b\u00fct\u00fcn askeri hareketlerin de merkeziydi.’<\/p>\n

Toplu ve genel bir isyan karar\u0131 almam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bu operasyon, sonun geldi\u011fi \u015feklinde alg\u0131lan\u0131r ve Ermeni komitelerinin Anadolu’daki \u015fubeleri tayakk\u00fcz durumuna ge\u00e7irir. Direni\u015f ya da isyan, benzeri her \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, Osmanl\u0131 ordusunu daha bir panik havas\u0131na sokar, \u015fiddet ve tahrip katmerlenir.<\/p>\n

Zaten Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan, 1914 \u015eubat Reformlar\u0131’n\u0131n sava\u015f gerek\u00e7esiyle iptal edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 bir i\u015faret olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131r, 24 Nisan tutuklamalar\u0131yla beraber Ermeni direni\u015fleri dalga dalga 6 vilayette yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak ger\u00e7ek k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131, Van’\u0131n Ruslar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgalidir. \u0130lk defa, bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015fta, bir kent bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir halk\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctledi\u011fi bir direni\u015fle d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu andan itibaren, sadece Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fctleri de\u011fil, t\u00fcm Ermeni n\u00fcfusu hedef al\u0131n\u0131r. \u2018Batakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurutma’ hedefi \u00f6tesinde olas\u0131 Rus i\u015fgalinin b\u00f6lgede kal\u0131\u015f s\u00fcresini azaltmak i\u00e7in de t\u00fcm n\u00fcfus sevk edilmeliydi. Daha \u00f6ncesinden ba\u015flasa da 23 May\u0131s tarihli Talat Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n gizli telgraf\u0131yla resmile\u015fen Sivas, Diyarbak\u0131r, Elaz\u0131\u011f ve Trabzon d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki, s\u0131n\u0131r illeri ve Kilikya b\u00f6lgesi Ermeni n\u00fcfustan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Van’\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesinden sonra, \u2018Kasap taburlar\u0131’ denilecek Cevdet Bey’in emrindeki taburlar, intikam ve korku hislerini, geri \u00e7ekilme s\u0131ras\u0131nda t\u00fcm b\u00f6lgeye yayarlar. May\u0131s’\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren Ermeni sivil halka y\u00f6nelik kitlesel katliamlar duyulmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r. 21 Haziran’da da \u0130zmir, Edirne ve \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015fta tutularak Anadolu’daki \u2018istisnas\u0131z t\u00fcm Ermeniler’ Zor b\u00f6lgesine sevk edilir. Ancak ihtida etmi\u015f, \u00f6ks\u00fcz-yetim \u00e7ocuklar ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarla evlenmi\u015f kad\u0131nlar, asker ve sanatk\u00e2r aileleri istisna olacakt\u0131r. Bahar 1916’da bu gruplar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda en az 800 bin Ermeni s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ok ge\u00e7meden \u2018m\u00fcsait ahval ve \u015fartlardan istifade’ diyerek Ermeni varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ve k\u00f6ylerinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmesi Talat Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan emredilir. S\u00f6z konusu olan milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n bir n\u00fcfusun bo\u015faltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir alan s\u00f6z konu oldu\u011fundan, bo\u015falt\u0131lan k\u00f6ylere iskan etmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6\u00e7ebe T\u00fcrk a\u015firetleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermenilerin sevkedildikleri b\u00f6lgede \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey, iskan i\u015flerini y\u00fcr\u00fctmek \u00fczere, Halep’e atan\u0131r. Ba\u015fta Zor, Suriye, Musul’un bat\u0131s\u0131 ve Halep’in do\u011fusunun iskan b\u00f6lgesi olarak ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak zamanla sadece Zor ve Suriye b\u00f6lgesi Ermenilerin yerle\u015fimine m\u00fcsade edilen b\u00f6lgeler olurlar.<\/p>\n

Talat Pa\u015fa Anadolu’da ihtida ederek kalm\u0131\u015f olan Ermenilerin izini s\u00fcrerken, \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey y\u00fczde 10 oran\u0131na uygun olarak Ermenilerin yerli M\u00fcsl\u00fcman aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r, s\u00f6z konusu olan tam bir toplumsal m\u00fchendisliktir (social engineering). Bu oran\u0131n a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde art\u0131k n\u00fcfus yeniden ve yeniden sevke tabi tutulur.<\/p>\n

Urfa’dan g\u00f6nderilen bir grup belirlenen oran\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Musul’dan tekrar Zor’a g\u00f6nderilir. Di\u011fer yandan Zor mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 da kendi \u2018art\u0131k Ermenileri’ni bir ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgeye g\u00f6nderme tela\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. A\u00e7, susuz, peri\u015fan h\u00e2ldeki konvoylar, iktidar\u0131n \u00e7izdi\u011fi y\u00fczde 10 oran\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flans\u0131n diye bir ordan bir buraya kay\u0131plar vere vere sevkedilirler.<\/p>\n

Son bir paragrafla \u0130ttihat’\u0131n Ermeni politikas\u0131n\u0131 izah etmek gerekirse, iki noktada toplamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bir, \u2018komitac\u0131l\u0131k ruhunu’ ezmek amac\u0131yla bir milletin diri unsurlar\u0131n\u0131-milleti millet yapan t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131n\u0131- kurumsal veya ki\u015fisel ortadan kald\u0131rmak. \u0130ki, geriye kalan kitleyi \u2018mufid’ bir unsur h\u00e2line getirmek i\u00e7in, 50 y\u0131ldan beri bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u2018\u0131slah’ edilmemi\u015f ve \u00e7\u00f6l ikliminin h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lgeye sevketmektir.”[129]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131larca da, sermayenin T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan budur!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle “1915’te k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131 planlayan bir grup insan vard\u0131: Te\u015fkil\u00e2t-\u0131 Mahsusa’n\u0131n o zamanki ba\u015fkan\u0131 Bahaeddin \u015eakir. Doktor N\u00e2z\u0131m vb. Bunun ekonomik temelli ya da n\u00fcfus politikas\u0131 temelli entelekt\u00fcel zeminini haz\u0131rlayanlar vard\u0131: Talat ya da Kara Kemal gibi. Toplumda buna uygun havay\u0131 haz\u0131rlayacak yaz\u0131lar\u0131 yazan \u2018ayd\u0131nlar’ da vard\u0131.”[130]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu noktada vars\u0131n kimileri, “Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 oldu mu, olmad\u0131 m\u0131? Bu sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131, \u2018soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131’ nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fecektir. \u0130ster \u2018Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olmu\u015ftur’ deyin, isterseniz de \u2018Hay\u0131r, olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r,’ deyin, sonu\u00e7ta de\u011fi\u015fmeyen bir ger\u00e7ek var: Binlerce Ermeni, \u00e7ocuk, kad\u0131n demeden tehcir s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ve bu utan\u00e7tan Osmanl\u0131 y\u00f6netimi sorumludur.”[131]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, “1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda 141 bin Ermeni’nin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sivas’ta 1915 sonras\u0131nda 8 bin 97 Ermeni kalm\u0131\u015f. Erzurum, Bitlis, Van, Diyarbak\u0131r, Trabzon ve Elaz\u0131\u011f’daki toplam 471 bin 928 Ermeni’nin t\u00fcm\u00fc ba\u015fka yerlere s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7 bu olmu\u015ftur…”[132]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fil mi?<\/em>[133]<\/em><\/b><\/em><\/p>\n

Bu konuda \u2018Ermeni Meselesi H\u00e2llolunmu\u015ftur’[134]<\/em><\/b> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda Taner Ak\u00e7am, D\u00e2hiliye Nezareti \u015fifre kalemi kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n izlerini kronolojik olarak s\u00fcrerken, kay\u0131tlardan soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n belli bir plan d\u00e2hilinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyar.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, “Osmanl\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131 boyunca Ermenilere kar\u015f\u0131 politikalar\u0131, sava\u015f\u0131n getirdi\u011fi zorunlu bir ihtiya\u00e7 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f, bunun \u00e7ok \u00f6tesinde, \u2018dert’ olarak tan\u0131mlanan Ermeni reform sorununun, Talat Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n kendi s\u00f6zleriyle, esasl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde sona erdirilmesi ve tamamen yok edilmesi amac\u0131yla g\u00fcndeme getirilmi\u015ftir.”<\/em>[135]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

D\u00e2hiliye Vek\u00e2leti \u015eifre Kalemindeki kay\u0131tlar da \u015funlar\u0131 hayk\u0131rmaktad\u0131r: “Tehcir ve k\u0131r\u0131m karar\u0131, esas olarak \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Merkez komitesi’nin bir karar\u0131 ve eylemi olarak g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir. Konuya ili\u015fkin do\u011frudan su\u00e7lay\u0131c\u0131 belgelerin b\u00f6lgelere parti eliyle da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki y\u00f6neticileri, olay\u0131n planlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 olarak, imhaya ili\u015fkin yaz\u0131l\u0131 belge b\u0131rakmamak konusunda yeteri kadar titiz davranm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r… Eylem s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ifte haberle\u015fme sistemi geli\u015ftirmi\u015fler ve resmi kanallar\u0131 sadece tehcirin \u2018resmi’ boyutuna ili\u015fkin sorunlar i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130mhaya ili\u015fkin emirler b\u00f6lgelere ba\u015fta \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Katib-i Mesulleri olmak \u00fczere \u00f6zel kanallardan yollanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r… \u0130mha emirleri ve eylemi her ne kadar parti kanal\u0131yla hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f olsa bile, tehcir bir H\u00fck\u00fcmet politikas\u0131 olarak uygulanm\u0131\u015f ve t\u00fcm devlet \u00e7ark\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle, eylem s\u0131ras\u0131nda, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yerle\u015fim yerinden vilayetlere ve oradan da tekrar en \u00fcst siyasi karar mekanizmalar\u0131na kadar y\u00fczlerce, binlerce yaz\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu belgelerin t\u00fcm\u00fcyle imha edilmesi imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r… Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k Ar\u015fivi’ndeki mevcut bilgi malzemesi, Ermenilere y\u00f6nelik politikalar\u0131n imha amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011funu yeteri a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kta g\u00f6stermektedir.”<\/em>[136]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bir kez daha tekrarlamak pahas\u0131na vurgulayal\u0131m: Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131ndan Gayrim\u00fcslim unsurlar\u0131n kaz\u0131nmas\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7 ve isk\u00e2n politikas\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilerek, Anadolu T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Kald\u0131 ki Ak\u00e7am, yok etme politikalar\u0131n\u0131n provas\u0131n\u0131n sava\u015f \u00f6ncesinde 1913-1914 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Ege’de Rum k\u00f6kenli vatanda\u015flar\u0131na uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 vererek, Rum k\u00f6kenli vatanda\u015flar\u0131n tehciri ile Ermeni vatanda\u015flar\u0131n tehciri aras\u0131ndaki do\u011frudan ba\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi 1912 Selanik kongresinde al\u0131nan kararlar gere\u011fi gayrim\u00fcslimlerin yok edilmesi plan\u0131, Ege’de ba\u015far\u0131yla uygulan\u0131rken, bir anlamda sava\u015f i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n et\u00fct \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131l\u0131p, Te\u015fkil\u00e2t-\u0131 Mahsusa taraf\u0131ndan alt yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Zihniyetin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131nda kadro devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Bu provan\u0131n \u00f6nemli akt\u00f6rleri Dr. Re\u015fit, Albay Pertev Bey (General Demirhan), \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Kaya ve Dr. Naz\u0131m gibiler 1915 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n de \u00f6nemli akt\u00f6rlerindendir. “Eldeki t\u00fcm Osmanl\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bize g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ger\u00e7ek \u015fudur: \u0130ttihat ve Terakki, uygulamas\u0131na Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan \u00f6nce Ege b\u00f6lgesinde ba\u015flamak \u00fczere Anadolu’nun, kendi ifadeleri ile \u2018gayri-T\u00fcrk unsurlardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131’ do\u011frultusunda bir plana sahip olmu\u015f ve sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda bu plan\u0131 t\u00fcm Anadolu sath\u0131na yayarak hayata ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir.”<\/em>[137]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Bu T\u00fcrkle\u015ftirme politikalar\u0131n\u0131n iki \u00f6nemli aya\u011f\u0131 ise \u015fudur: “Birincisi, devlet varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ciddi bir tehdit olarak telakki edilen ve v\u00fccuttaki t\u00fcm\u00f6rler olarak tan\u0131mlanan gayrim\u00fcslimlerin (esas olarak H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n) Anadolu’dan tasfiye edilmesi; ikincisi T\u00fcrk olmayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluluklar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel asimilasyonlar\u0131.”<\/em>[138]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat ve Terakki iktidar\u0131 s\u00fcresince inan\u0131lmaz bir toplum m\u00fchendisli\u011fi<\/em> \u00f6rne\u011fi vermi\u015ftir. Asimilasyonun (temess\u00fcl) yolunu yordam\u0131n\u0131 bilmektedir. Gayri-T\u00fcrk unsurlar\u0131n asimilasyonunun yan\u0131nda, bir \u015fekilde sa\u011f kalan ve tehlike te\u015fkil etmeyen Ermenilerin de asimilasyonunu ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Bu amaca ili\u015fkin Talat’\u0131n 20 Nisan 1916 tarihli telgraf\u0131nda bu konuda talimat verilmekte ve “Erkekleri nakledilen Ermeni ailelerinin Ermeni ve ecnebi bulunmayan k\u00f6y ve kasabalara bi’t-tevzi’ m\u00fcteferrik [da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k] surette isk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n icras\u0131yla bulunduklar\u0131 mahallerde temess\u00fcl [asimile] ettirilmeleri<\/em>” istenmektedir.[139]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn milad\u0131 olarak Balkan yenilgisi sonras\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesine ra\u011fmen, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Balkan sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncesinde bu zihniyete sahiptir. Balkan yenilgisi, sadece gizli ajandas\u0131n\u0131 uygulama iklimini yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki gizli ajandas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sava\u015f \u00f6ncesinden ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Politikalar\u0131n\u0131 uygulayabilmek i\u00e7in ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fcfus \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yaparak, n\u00fcfus bile\u015fenlerinin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 listelerini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p n\u00fcfus bilgilerini g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirerek alt yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlarlar…<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

ORTAYA \u00c7IKAN(LAR): “<\/strong>ERMEN\u0130 MALLARINI K\u0130MLER ALDI?”<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Yalan korkakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tortusudur.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcr\u00fcst kaba ol, e\u011freti sayg\u0131l\u0131 olma.”[140]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Bir notun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek, [141]<\/em><\/b> s\u00f6z\u00fc Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr’\u00fcn sat\u0131rlar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131yorum…<\/p>\n

“24 Nisan 1915’te \u0130stanbul’da Ermeni Cemaati’nin t\u00fcm \u00f6nde gelenleri evlerinden toplanarak Aya\u015f’a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar, \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki tehcir ise resmen 27 May\u0131s 1915’te ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar, tehcirin hemen ard\u0131ndan Ermenilerden kalacak mal ve m\u00fclklerin ne olaca\u011f\u0131na dair mevzuat\u0131 ilan etmi\u015flerdi. 30 May\u0131s 1915 tarihli Meclis-i V\u00fckela mazbatas\u0131 ve 10 Haziran 1915 tarihli talimatnameye g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcmet, tehcirin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde iki m\u00fclkiye ve bir maliye memurundan olu\u015facak Emval-i Metruke (Terkedilmi\u015f Mallar) Komisyonlar\u0131 kuracakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nde gelenlerinden Ahmet R\u0131za Bey, konu mecliste g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcrken, bu mallar\u0131n terkedilmi\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemenin yasalara ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ermenilerin bu mallar\u0131 terk etmediklerini, b\u0131rakmaya zorland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti ama elbette kulak asan olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Talimatnameye g\u00f6re komisyonlar sevk\u0131yat\u0131n ard\u0131ndan terk edilen evleri m\u00fch\u00fcrleyecek ve i\u00e7lerindeki e\u015fyalarla birlikte k\u0131ymet takdirleri yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kay\u0131t alt\u0131na alacaklard\u0131. Geride kalan menkuller i\u00e7indeki hayvanlar, emlak ve araziden elde edilen tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve bozulmas\u0131 muhtemel mallar m\u00fczayede usul\u00fcyle sat\u0131lacak ve bedelleri sahipleri ad\u0131na mal sand\u0131klar\u0131na teslim edilecekti. Kiliselerde bulunan e\u015fya ve resimlerle kutsal kitaplar tutanakla tespit edilecek ve mahallinde muhafaza edilmeleri sa\u011flanacakt\u0131. K\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde kararlar pek g\u00fczeldi ama acaba uygulama nas\u0131ld\u0131?<\/p>\n

Ocak 1916’ya kadar 33 Emval-i Metruke Tasfiye Komisyonu kuruldu. Alacakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia edenlerin kendileri ya da vekilleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla iki ay i\u00e7inde komisyonlara ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. \u00dclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olanlar i\u00e7in s\u00fcre d\u00f6rt ayd\u0131. Ba\u015fvuru sahipleri tebligat i\u00e7in komisyonun bulundu\u011fu mahalde bir ikametg\u00e2h g\u00f6sterecekti. Alacakl\u0131 kimse komisyonun takdir etti\u011fi miktara 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde itiraz edebilecekti. \u0130tiraz bidayet hukuk mahkemesine yap\u0131labilecekti ama mahkemenin karar\u0131 kesin olup, temyiz yolu kapal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Resmi tarih\u00e7ilerin bu pek \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnd\u00fckleri sistemin nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fini merak etmi\u015fsinizdir elbette. Ama merak etmeye devam edeceksiniz \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, bu defterler ortada yok! O h\u00e2lde ba\u015fka kaynaklara bakal\u0131m. \u00d6ncelikle yerine g\u00f6re 1 saat ile 15 g\u00fcn s\u00fcre verilerek Der Zor \u00e7\u00f6llerine s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olanlar\u0131n bu prosed\u00fcr\u00fc yerine getirmesinin imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011funu tahmin etmek i\u00e7in m\u00fcneccim olmaya gerek yok. Zaten ba\u015fka kaynaklardan da biliyoruz ki, Ermenilerin el konan mallar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131, yerel T\u00fcrk, K\u00fcrt ve \u00c7erke\u015f \u00f6nde gelenleri taraf\u0131ndan talan edilmi\u015f, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Balkanlar’dan gelen muhacirlere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-T\u00fcrk’ sermayedar yaratmak i\u00e7in bazen herhangi bir \u00fccret dahi talep edilmeden veya \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bedelle veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck taksitlerle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ki\u015fi veya kurulu\u015flara verilmi\u015fti. Baz\u0131 binalar ile tarla, ba\u011f ve bah\u00e7elerin \u00fcr\u00fcnleri sat\u0131larak gelirleri orduya verilmi\u015f, baz\u0131 binalar hapishane, okul, hastane ve karakol binas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kalan para da Ermenilerin tehcirinin masraflar\u0131 ile baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde Ermenileri katleden milislerin masraflar\u0131 i\u00e7in harcanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131! Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ortada Ermenilere iade edilecek para kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131…<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin 30 Ekim 1918’de Mondros M\u00fctarekesi ile teslim bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmesinden sonra, \u0130tilaf Devletleri 1 Kas\u0131m’da bu konuda bir kararname \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131lar ama \u00fclkenin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ko\u015fullar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden karar\u0131 uygulamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131. Peki, Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n devam\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zenle \u00e7izen Milli M\u00fccadele kadrolar\u0131 bu konuda ne yapt\u0131? \u015eunlar\u0131 yapt\u0131: M\u00fcdafaa-i Milliye Vekili (Savunma Bakan\u0131) Fevzi (\u00c7akmak) Bey, Meclis’in 22 Ocak 1921 tarihli gizli oturumunda, \u00fclkede h\u00e2len \u00e7o\u011fu Karadeniz b\u00f6lgesinde olmak \u00fczere 800 bin kadar H\u0131ristiyan bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek, gayr\u0131 M\u00fcslimlerin ekonomik hayattaki yerlerini korumas\u0131ndan duydu\u011fu rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtti. Generale g\u00f6re H\u0131ristiyanlardan askerlik i\u00e7in bedel-i nakdi al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n imalathanelerde, yol, k\u00f6pr\u00fc, t\u00fcnel gibi bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k i\u015flerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmekteydi. Fevzi Bey’in bu \u00f6nerisi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, Malatya Mebusu Fevzi Efendi \u2018ya\u015fa!’ sesleri aras\u0131nda \u2018Efendiler, Ermenilerin denaat\u0131, ihaneti malumdur’ demi\u015f, Ermeni, Rum ve Yahudilerden 500 Lira bedel-i nakdi al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, hem de bunlar\u0131n Erzurum’a, Sivas’a yollan\u0131p yollarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015fti. Ard\u0131ndan da; \u2018Maksad\u0131m onlar\u0131n ezilmesidir.’ diye eklemi\u015fti. Bu \u00f6nerilerle, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n 1914’te Ermenileri \u2018Amele Taburlar\u0131’na al\u0131p, imha etmeleri aras\u0131ndaki benzerlik \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ermenilerden geriye ne kadar gayr\u0131 menkul kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o d\u00f6neme ait tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fil. Hat\u0131rlanaca\u011f\u0131 gibi 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Tapu Kadastro Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kendi ar\u015fivinde bulunan Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine ait tapu kay\u0131t belgelerini TARB\u0130S (Tapu Ar\u015fiv Otomasyonu) adl\u0131 proje kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7ele\u015ftirerek, bilgisayar ortam\u0131na aktarmak ve Devlet Ar\u015fivleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ne devretmek istedi\u011finde Milli G\u00fcvenlik Kurulu Seferberlik ve Sava\u015f Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 Planlama Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir giri\u015fimin \u00fclke menfaatleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sak\u0131ncal\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirterek giri\u015fime engel olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Madem kendi \u00fclkemizdeki kaynaklardan bilgi edinemiyoruz, o h\u00e2lde zorunlu olarak yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00f6ylediklerine bakmak durumunday\u0131z. Bu kaynaklardan biri Britanya D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Ar\u015fivi. Buradaki bir belgeye g\u00f6re 1918’de sab\u0131k Britanya Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Sir James Baldwin ve yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Herbert Asquith, yeni Ba\u015fbakan Ramsey McDonald’a Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’ndaki Ermenilere niye maddi yard\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini anlatan raporlar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle diyorlar: \u2018Toplam be\u015f milyon T\u00fcrk pound’u (yakla\u015f\u0131k 33 ton alt\u0131na e\u015fde\u011fer) T\u00fcrk H\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan 1916’da Berlin’deki Reich Bank’a yat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir miktar\u0131 Ermenilerin paras\u0131d\u0131r.’ Deutche Bank’a yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 rivayet olunan Ermeni alt\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n miktar\u0131 ise bilinmemektedir.<\/p>\n

Ermeni Ulusal Konseyi adl\u0131 bir Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn 1919’da Paris’te haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapora g\u00f6re 1915-1917 Tehciri’nde el konulan mallar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k de\u011feri 19 milyar Frans\u0131z Frank\u0131’na ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r. (1914’ten 1915 sonuna kadar 1 Osmanl\u0131 Liras\u0131, 22,8 Frans\u0131z Frank\u0131’d\u0131r.) Ayn\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn iddias\u0131na g\u00f6re, Ermenilerin Osmanl\u0131 bankalar\u0131ndaki paralar\u0131na el kondu\u011fu gibi, Avrupa bankalar\u0131ndaki paralar\u0131na da el konulmu\u015ftur. 1925’te ABD Senatosu’nda yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde, Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n bedelinin yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 milyon Dolar oldu\u011fu tahmini yap\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde baz\u0131 Ermeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar tehcirden sonra el konan Ermeni servetinin 14.5 milyar Frank’a (bug\u00fcn\u00fcn paras\u0131 100 milyar Dolar) tekab\u00fcl etti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

Talat Pa\u015fa, i\u015fi Ermenilerin Amerikan sigorta \u015firketlerindeki paralar\u0131n\u0131 istemeye kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Amerikan B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Henry Morgenthau an\u0131lar\u0131nda Talat’\u0131n, \u2018Ke\u015fke Amerikan hayat sigortas\u0131 \u015firketlerine ba\u015fvursayd\u0131n\u0131z da Ermeni poli\u00e7e sahiplerinin tam bir listesini bize g\u00f6ndermelerini sa\u011flasayd\u0131n\u0131z. Nas\u0131l olsa hepsi \u00f6ld\u00fc simdi, paray\u0131 alacak miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 da yok. Tabii ki bunun t\u00fcm\u00fc devlete kal\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmet \u015fimdi yasal olarak miras\u00e7\u0131 durumundad\u0131r yapar m\u0131yd\u0131n\u0131z bunu?’ dedi\u011fini anlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

7 A\u011fustos 1921’de Ba\u015fkumandanl\u0131k Kanunu ile Meclis’e ait t\u00fcm yetkileri \u00fczerinde toplayan Mustafa Kemal, d\u00fc\u015fmana kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131n finanse edilmesi i\u00e7in \u2018Tek\u00e2lif-i Milliye’ emirlerini \u00e7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kanundaki \u2018On Emir’den alt\u0131 numaral\u0131s\u0131 \u2018\u00dclkeyi terk etmi\u015f olanlar\u0131n hazineye ge\u00e7mi\u015f olan mallar\u0131ndan ordu ihtiyac\u0131na yarayacak olanlara el konulacakt\u0131r’ diyordu. Buraya kadar\u0131 gayet anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131, ancak 25 Aral\u0131k 1921’de \u0130stanbul’daki Divan-\u0131 \u00d6rfi Mahkemesi’nde, tehcirde katliamlara emir verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in su\u00e7lu bulunup idam edilen Urfa Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 Nusret Bey ile 14 Ekim 1922’de ise ayn\u0131 mahkemede ayn\u0131 gerek\u00e7e ile idam edilen Bo\u011fazlayan Kaymakam\u0131 Kemal Bey’in \u00f6nce \u2018milli \u015fehit’ ilan edilmesi, ard\u0131ndan da ailelerine \u2018Emval-i Metruke’ fasl\u0131ndan maa\u015f ba\u011flanmas\u0131 pek manidard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Nitekim Kemalistler, Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131’n\u0131n di\u011fer bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlendikleri h\u00e2lde, Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n iadesine yana\u015fmad\u0131lar. Lozan’da T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00fcstlendi\u011fi bor\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Tek\u00e2lif-i Harbiye Kanunu uyar\u0131nca, bedeli sava\u015ftan sonra \u00f6denmek \u00fczere el konulmu\u015f gayrim\u00fcslim mallar\u0131 da vard\u0131. Ancak anla\u015fma imzalan\u0131r imzalanmaz, T\u00fcrkiye bu borcundan nas\u0131l kurtulaca\u011f\u0131na kafa yormaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nce Eyl\u00fcl 1923’de Kilikya (Adana havalisi) ve Do\u011fu Anadolu’dan sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Ermenilerin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc yasaklayan bir kararname \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. 3 Nisan 1924’te Mahsub-i Umumi Kanunu’nun 2. maddesinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131larak, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in mallar\u0131na el konmu\u015f gayri M\u00fcslimlere \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. A\u011fustos 1926’da, devletin, Lozan’\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi 19 A\u011fustos 1924’den \u00f6nce gayr\u0131 M\u00fcslimlerce edinilmi\u015f t\u00fcm mallar\u0131 m\u00fcsadere etme hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu ilan edildi. 2 \u015eubat 1927’de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir kararname ile daha \u00f6nce \u2018milli \u015fehit’ ilan edilmi\u015f olan Bo\u011fazlayan Kaymakam\u0131 Kemal Bey’in e\u015fi ile \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na \u0130stanbul’da Ermenilerden kalan 20 bin lira de\u011ferinde gayr\u0131 menkul tahsis edildi.<\/p>\n

May\u0131s 1927’de, Lozan’dan sonra \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olanlar\u0131n T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na dair kararname ilan edildi. Aral\u0131k 1927’de tehcir su\u00e7lusu Urfa Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 Nusret Bey’in geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ailesine Ermenilerden kalan mallar verildi. Tahsisler bununla kalmad\u0131, tehcirde en kanl\u0131 eylemlere imzas\u0131n\u0131 atm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerden Te\u015fkil\u00e2t-\u0131 Mahsusa liderlerinden Dr. Bahaeddin \u015eakir, Diyarbak\u0131r Valisi Dr. Re\u015fid ve Tiflis’te Cemal Pa\u015fa’yla suikasta u\u011frayan yaveri Nusret Bey’in ailelerine Ermeni mallar\u0131 verildi. Ama daha vahimi Cumhuriyet’in asmbol binalar\u0131ndan biri olan \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc el konmu\u015f bir Ermeni arsas\u0131na in\u015fa edildi! Anlayana bunlar \u00e7ok \u015fey s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor…<\/p>\n

1914 kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, Osmanl\u0131 \u00fclkesinde Ermeni cemaatine ait 2.538 kilise, 451 manast\u0131r ve 2 bin okul vard\u0131. Tehcirden sonra Ermeni k\u00f6y ve \u015fehirlerine yerle\u015ftirilen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ahalinin ilk i\u015fi, merkezi ve g\u00fczel kiliseleri camiye \u00e7evirmek oldu. Gerisi ambar, depo ve tavla olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Meclis’in \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131-T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc kanad\u0131ndan Dr. R\u0131za Nur, Do\u011fu Cephesi Komutan\u0131 Kaz\u0131m Karabekir’e yollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 25 May\u0131s 1921 tarihli mektupta, \u2018Ani \u015fehrine ait izlerin yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden temizlenmesi ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131rsa bunun T\u00fcrkiye’ye b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hizmet olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131’ s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen, Orta\u00e7a\u011fda Ermeni Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u015fkentiydi. Karabekir an\u0131lar\u0131nda, R\u0131za Nur’un teklifini reddetti\u011fini, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ani kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stanbul surlar\u0131 gibi geni\u015f bir alan\u0131 kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00f6yle bir i\u015fi ba\u015farman\u0131n \u00e7ok zor oldu\u011funu, dahas\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir giri\u015fimin geride kalan Ermenileri rahats\u0131z edece\u011fini yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde R\u0131za Nuri zihniyeti galip geldi ve Ani y\u0131k\u0131lmaya terkedildi. 1924 tarihli Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n 42. Maddesi \u2018T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kiliselerin, sinagoglar\u0131n, mezarl\u0131klar\u0131n ve di\u011fer dini yap\u0131lar\u0131n tam koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 garanti eder’ dedi\u011fi h\u00e2lde, 1974 tarihli UNESCO Raporu’na g\u00f6re geriye sadece 913 kilise ve manast\u0131r kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O tarihten sonra bunlar\u0131n 464’\u00fc tamamen y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. 252’si y\u0131k\u0131lmaya terk edildi, 197’si ise ciddi restorasyon gerektiriyor. Ancak Van’daki Ahtamar Adas\u0131’ndaki Surp Ha\u00e7 Kilisesi’nin restorasyonu s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan olaylar belleklerde tazeli\u011fini koruyor.”[142]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Evet, evet Ermeni mallar\u0131 ne oldu?<\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131t\u0131 orta yerde olsa da, bir \u00f6rnek de T\u00fcrk Ocak’lar\u0131ndan: “Ocaklara s\u00fcrekli bir gelir kayna\u011f\u0131 olmak \u00fczere Rum, Ermeni Kiliselerine ait akarattan ya da tevzi d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015f olan mallardan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Ocaklara belli bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kla ya da m\u00fcbadillere b\u0131rak\u0131lmayan sahipsiz yap\u0131lar\u0131n taktir bedeli suretiyle Ocaklara verilmesi…”[143]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Yeter mi?!<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

VE “RESM\u0130 G\u00d6R\u00dc\u015e”<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Ac\u0131 ger\u00e7ek,… \u2018bizi y\u00fckselten’<\/p>\n

yalandan daha yararl\u0131d\u0131r.”[144]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u0130yi de bu ger\u00e7ekler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda “resmi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f” ne?<\/p>\n

“Ermeni eylemciler tarihin ilk ter\u00f6ristleridir,”[145]<\/em><\/b> diyen Hasan Celal G\u00fczel’in yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0131?<\/p>\n

“Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nu i\u00e7ten y\u0131kmak i\u00e7in az\u0131nl\u0131k unsurlar\u0131 kullanan emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7ler, kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda Ermenileri de kullanm\u0131\u015flar ve bir Do\u011fu Sorunu’nun yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r,”[146]<\/em><\/b> diyen Orhan \u00c7eki\u00e7’in maruzat\u0131 m\u0131?<\/p>\n

“Ermeniler doksan y\u0131ld\u0131r iddialar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya kabul ettirmek i\u00e7in say\u0131s\u0131z belge ve s\u00f6ylem uydurdular,”[147]<\/em><\/b> diyen T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v’\u00fcn k\u00fclliyat\u0131 m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Ya da “Osmanl\u0131 belgelerini inceleyen ABD’li tarih\u00e7i Shaw Stanford, Ermenilere katliam yap\u0131lmas\u0131 talimat\u0131n\u0131n verilmedi\u011fini yazd\u0131,”[148]<\/em><\/b> diye hayk\u0131ran \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc M. Elekda\u011f m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Veya “Ermeni meselesinde fikir ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden yanay\u0131m. Fikirlerinden dolay\u0131 bug\u00fcne kadar kimseyi vatana ihanetle su\u00e7lamad\u0131m. Bunun hukuken kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 gereken bir su\u00e7 oldu\u011funu biliyorum. Ama konu sadece ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn arkas\u0131na saklanacak kadar basit de\u011fil,”[149]<\/em><\/b> diyerek “aba alt\u0131ndan sopa g\u00f6steren” G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Yoksa “Ermeni meselesinin d\u00fcnya kamuoyunda do\u011fru de\u011ferlendirilmesi i\u00e7in kine kar\u015f\u0131 kinle cevap vermek hata. T\u00fcrkiye tezlerini, su\u00e7lama, k\u00f6t\u00fcleme d\u00fc\u015fmanca tav\u0131rlar tak\u0131nmayla de\u011fil, olaylar\u0131n farkl\u0131 boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 daha s\u0131k ve etkin bi\u00e7imde aktaracak yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6steren yap\u0131tlar olu\u015fturarak savunmal\u0131,”[150]<\/em><\/b> diyen Y\u0131lmaz Arg\u00fcden mi?<\/p>\n

“Olmayan bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 kabul etsek ne olur, etmesek ne olur,”[151]<\/em><\/b> diyen lakaytl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Toktam\u0131\u015f Ate\u015f mi?<\/p>\n

“Akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda, vicdan sahibi, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir insan Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131nda ya\u015fanan \u20181915 facias\u0131’n\u0131 ya da \u2018trajedi’sini hi\u00e7bir zaman onaylayamaz…<\/p>\n

Ama… S\u00f6zde soyk\u0131r\u0131m davas\u0131 bu y\u00fczden XXI’inci y\u00fczy\u0131lda fokurdat\u0131l\u0131yor…”[152]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

“Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 sav\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131l sonra Avrupa taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye’nin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131; \u2018Bat\u0131’ bu i\u015fi durup dururken yapm\u0131yor, \u2018sebeb-i hikmeti’ yak\u0131nda anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Olay nedir?.. (…)<\/p>\n

Emperyalizm ustad\u0131r, Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 sav\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’ye d\u00f6n\u00fck siyasetine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmesi elbette bo\u015funa de\u011fildir,”[153]<\/em><\/b> hamasetiyle \u0130lhan Sel\u00e7uk mu?<\/p>\n

“Genelkurmay taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klanan ar\u015fiv belgelerinde \u2018H\u0131n\u00e7ak’ ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn Fransa ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliamlar net bir \u015fekilde ortaya konuyor”;[154]<\/em><\/b> ya da “Ermeniler, y\u00fcz y\u0131la yak\u0131n bir s\u00fcre, her g\u00fcn giderek artan bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde “Ermeni sorunu”nun tek yanl\u0131 olarak propagandas\u0131n\u0131 yapmakta ve kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na uygun kamuoyu olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar,”[155]<\/em><\/b> t\u00fcr\u00fcnden s\u00f6zler veya benzerleri[156]<\/em><\/b> mi?<\/p>\n

Bunlar ya da benzerleri, nas\u0131l sunulursa sunulsun, inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil!<\/em><\/p>\n

“Neden” mi?<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Yusuf Hala\u00e7o\u011flu’na kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130svi\u00e7re’de ba\u015flat\u0131lan giri\u015fim, T\u00fcrk tarih\u00e7ilerini aya\u011fa kald\u0131rd\u0131. 29 \u00fcniversiteden 79’u profes\u00f6r, 41’i do\u00e7ent, 123’\u00fc yard\u0131mc\u0131 do\u00e7ent olmak \u00fczere 353 tarih\u00e7i, bir bildiri yay\u0131nlayarak Hala\u00e7o\u011flu’na destek verdi. Aralar\u0131nda Prof. Dr. Halil \u0130nalc\u0131k ve Prof. Dr. \u0130lber Ortayl\u0131’n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu tarih\u00e7ilerin bildirisinde \u015f\u00f6yle denildi:<\/p>\n

“1915 y\u0131l\u0131nda uygulanan Ermeni tehciri \u00f6nceden planlanm\u0131\u015f bir giri\u015fim de\u011fil, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda de\u011fi\u015fik cephelerde \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada Ermeni \u00e7eteciler taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerde arkadan vurulan Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun g\u00fcvenceye al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ile Ermeniler aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bulunan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131yla ve sadece mecburiyet dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tatbik edilmi\u015f ge\u00e7ici bir \u00f6nlemdir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fman ordusuyla yap\u0131lan fiili i\u015fbirli\u011fine son verilmesi maksad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olan bu uygulaman\u0131n, muhtemel bir isyana kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nceden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir tedbir olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ise, hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde bulunmamaktad\u0131r.”[157]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Ard\u0131ndan da eklendi: Ortak ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya haz\u0131r\u0131z…<\/p>\n

Sonras\u0131 da \u015f\u00f6yle oldu: “Mardin’de, k\u00f6yl\u00fclerce ma\u011farada bulunan kafatas\u0131 ve kemikleri 1915 y\u0131l\u0131nda katledilen Ermeni ya da S\u00fcryanilere ait olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere at\u0131lan ikinci ad\u0131m da sonu\u00e7suz kald\u0131: \u0130sve\u00e7li Prof. David Gaunt, ellerindeki foto\u011fraflarda yer alan kafatas\u0131 ve kemiklerle ma\u011faradakilerin \u2018ayn\u0131’ olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya son verdi. T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu (TTK) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Yusuf Hala\u00e7o\u011flu’ysa ma\u011faraya s\u0131zan ya\u011fmur suyu y\u00fcz\u00fcnden kemiklerde bir bozulma olu\u015ftu\u011funu, fakat kemiklerin yok olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Nusaybin’daki Kuru K\u00f6y\u00fc’nde, bir mezar yeri i\u00e7in kaz\u0131lan araziden geni\u015f odal\u0131 bir ma\u011fara, ma\u011faradan da bir \u00e7ok kemik \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130sve\u00e7’te \u2018soyk\u0131r\u0131m uzman\u0131’ olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Prof. David Gaunt, mezar\u0131n 1915 ve sonras\u0131nda katledilmi\u015f Ermeni ve S\u00fcryanilere ait olabilece\u011fini iddia etti. \u0130ddian\u0131n \u0130sve\u00e7 Parlamentosu’na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Hala\u00e7o\u011flu, Gaunt’a ortak ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6nerisinde bulundu. 24 Nisan 2007’de ilk inceleme yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak Gaunt’a g\u00f6re, foto\u011fraflarda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kemiklerle ma\u011faradakiler \u00e7ok farkl\u0131yd\u0131: \u2018Kafataslar\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck kemikleri arad\u0131m, hi\u00e7biri yoktu. Bir-iki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kemik vard\u0131. Ekim-kas\u0131mda \u00e7ekilmi\u015f foto\u011fraflar\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131m.’<\/p>\n

Hala\u00e7o\u011flu’ysa \u2018Ya\u011fmurla i\u00e7eriye yar\u0131m metre su dolmu\u015f, biraz da toz toprak girmi\u015f ve kemiklerin \u00fczeri \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f’ dedi. Hala\u00e7o\u011flu’na g\u00f6re ara\u015ft\u0131rma, ma\u011fara Roma d\u00f6nemine ait oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in son buldu: \u2018Dedim ki, par\u00e7a ister misiniz, topraktan analiz yapacak m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z? Yok, dediler. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kemikler Roma d\u00f6nemine aitti. Eline kazmay\u0131 da verdik, k\u00fcre\u011fi de. Bakmad\u0131 bile.’<\/p>\n

Gaunt’sa ku\u015fkulu: \u2018Topra\u011f\u0131 kaz\u0131p \u00f6rnek alabilece\u011fimi, baz\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kemikleri alabilece\u011fimi s\u00f6ylediler. Bunun bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in yeterli olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, normal bilimsel prosed\u00fcr\u00fc takip edip etmedi\u011fimizden emin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00f6yledim.’<\/p>\n

Mardin S\u00fcryanisi Sait Y\u0131ld\u0131z da \u00fczg\u00fcnd\u00fc: \u2018Gelmeden \u00f6nce mezar\u0131n temizlendi\u011fini duymu\u015ftuk. Ama bu kadar\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmedik.’<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce de TTK ile Ermeni tarih\u00e7i Ara Sarafyan, Harput Ermenileri \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmak \u00fczere s\u00f6zle\u015fmi\u015f, ancak Hala\u00e7o\u011flu’nun 1915 y\u0131l\u0131 Harput’una ait belgeler bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma daha ba\u015flamadan sona ermi\u015fti.”[158]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Burada duruyor ve ekliyorum: Bu soru(n) bizimdir…<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“PARLAMENTO VE MAHKEME KARARLARI” VEYA<\/strong><\/p>\n

“ABD S\u0130YASET\u0130”YLE “BATI TEPK\u0130S\u0130” \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM OLAMAZ<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Bilmeyen ve bilmedi\u011fini bilmeyen bir aptald\u0131r. Ondan sak\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Bilmeyen ve bilmedi\u011fini bilen bir \u00f6\u011frencidir. Ona \u00f6\u011fretin.<\/p>\n

Bilen ve bildi\u011fini bilmeyen uykudad\u0131r. Onu uyand\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Bilen ve bildi\u011fini bilen ak\u0131ll\u0131d\u0131r. Onu izleyin.”[159]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Ben, “bizim olan bu soru(n)” kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, “parlamento ve mahkeme kararlar\u0131” veya<\/em> “ABD siyaseti”yle<\/em>[160]<\/em><\/b> “bat\u0131 tepkisi”nin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olamayaca\u011f\u0131na;<\/em>[161]<\/em><\/b> aksine sorunu a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na inanmaktay\u0131m!<\/em><\/p>\n

Tekrarl\u0131yorum: Tarih,<\/em>[162]<\/em><\/b> parlamentolar\u0131n sorunu de\u011fildir ya da parlamentolar tarih konusunda karar mercii olamaz!<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

ERMEN\u0130 SOYKIRIMINI TANIYAN PARLAMENTOLAR<\/strong>[163]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00dcLKE<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

KARAR ALINAN YILLAR<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

URUGUAY<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1965, 2004, 2005, 2006.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

G\u00dcNEY KIBRIS<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1982.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

ARJANT\u0130N<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1993, 2003, 2004, 2005.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

RUSYA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1995, 2005.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

KANADA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1996, 2000, 2004.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

YUNAN\u0130STAN<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1996.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u00dcBNAN<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1997, 2000.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

BEL\u00c7\u0130KA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1998.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0130TALYA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2000.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

VAT\u0130KAN<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2000.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

FRANSA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2001.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0130SV\u0130\u00c7RE<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2003.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

SLOVAKYA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2004.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

HOLLANDA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2004.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

POLONYA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2005.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

ALMANYA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2005.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

VENEZ\u00dcELLA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2005.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u0130TVANYA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2005.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Bu noktada, hangi pozisyonu savunursan\u0131z savunun,[164]<\/em><\/b> “Fransa’da Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ink\u00e2r\u0131n su\u00e7 say\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131, hem tarih\u00e7ilerin i\u015fine burnunu sokuyor hem de ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc engelliyor,”[165]<\/em><\/b> diyen Le Monde ya da “Fransa tarih\u00e7ilere hakaret ediyor,”[166]<\/em><\/b> diyen Michel Wieviorka gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum…<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Fransa’da 19 tarih\u00e7inin ortak yay\u0131mlad\u0131klar\u0131 (ve imza atanlar aras\u0131nda Jean-Pierre Azema, Elisabeth Badinter, Marc Ferro, Jacques Julliard, Pierre Nora, Mona Ozouf, Jean- Pierre Vernant ve Pierre Vidal-Naquet gibi tarih\u00e7ilerin bulundu\u011fu[167]<\/em><\/b>), “Tarih \u0130\u00e7in \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bildiride belirttikleri \u00fczere: “Tarih bir din de\u011fildir. Tarih\u00e7i hi\u00e7bir dogmay\u0131, yasa\u011f\u0131 ve tabuyu kabul etmez. Tarih, g\u00fcndemin tutsa\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Tarih\u00e7i, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki olaylara bug\u00fcn\u00fcn duyarl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sokmaz ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki ideolojik kal\u0131plar\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fe uygulamaz. Tarih, hukuki bir nesne de\u011fildir. \u00d6zg\u00fcr bir devlette, tarihi ger\u00e7ekleri tan\u0131mlamak ne meclise ne de hukuk yetkililerine aittir. Devletin politikas\u0131, tarihin politikas\u0131 de\u011fildir”![168]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

TERC\u0130H\u0130M\u0130Z NET OLMALI…<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Ger\u00e7ek dost elini tuttu\u011funda<\/p>\n

kalbine de dokunand\u0131r.”[169]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Toparlarsak: “H\u0131rant’\u0131n dilini, i\u00e7tenli\u011fini yakalamak kolay de\u011fil, ama en az\u0131ndan denemek zorunday\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Kalabal\u0131klar\u0131n ezberini bozmak ancak o dille, o i\u00e7tenlikle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. H\u0131rant, Ermeni meselesi \u00fczerine konu\u015furken, \u2018onur’ diyordu, \u2018Ermeniler b\u00f6lmek i\u00e7in de\u011fil, \u00f6lmek i\u00e7in bu topraklara d\u00f6nmek istiyor’ diyordu, yede\u011finde en ba\u011fnaz adam\u0131n bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmleyecek insan hik\u00e2yeleri vard\u0131.”[170]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Ahbarik Hrant topraklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcyd\u00fc; Onun \u015fahs\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc kur\u015funlad\u0131lar!<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin “Hrant diyaspora Ermeni \u00f6rg\u00fctleri aras\u0131nda bir konferans\u0131n organize edilmesine \u015fart g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131yordu. Bu konferans diyaspora \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin T\u00fcrkiye’ye y\u00f6nelik izledikleri politikalar \u00fczerine olacakt\u0131. \u2018Bizim mutlaka bir birimizle hesapla\u015fmam\u0131z laz\u0131m’, diyordu. Diyaspora \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin T\u00fcrkiye’ye y\u00f6nelik izledikleri politikan\u0131n genel hatlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok ama \u00e7ok rahats\u0131zd\u0131. \u2018Hrant, diyaspora diye bir b\u00fct\u00fcn yap\u0131 yok. Bu nedenle bu kelimeyi b\u00f6yle \u00e7ok tek boyutlu kullanman do\u011fru de\u011fil’, dedi\u011fimde, \u2018biliyorum’, diyordu. \u2018Ben diyaspora derken belli bir zihniyeti, belli bir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 kastediyorum. Daha \u00e7ok Ta\u015fnaklar\u0131 ve onlar taraf\u0131ndan izlenen \u00e7izgiyi kastediyorum. Ve biliyorsun, bu \u00e7izgi olduk\u00e7a egemen.’<\/p>\n

Onu rahats\u0131z eden diyaspora \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin T\u00fcrkiye’de ya\u015fananlara kar\u015f\u0131 duyars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 idi. T\u00fcrkiye’deki demokrasi kavgas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na \u00e7ok \u00f6fkeleniyordu. \u2018Bu i\u015f burada, T\u00fcrkiye’de h\u00e2lledilecek; bunu g\u00f6remiyorlar’, diyordu. \u2018D\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lere, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc tarafa fazla bel ba\u011fl\u0131yorlar. Kendi sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n Amerikan h\u00fck\u00fcmeti veya Avrupa devletleri taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini istiyorlar. Bu sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f de\u011fil’ diyordu. \u2018Benim bunlara anlatmam laz\u0131m. Demokratik bir T\u00fcrkiye yaratman\u0131n sorunun esas \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm noktas\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmeleri laz\u0131m. T\u00fcrkiye’deki demokrasi m\u00fccadelesi ile uyum i\u00e7inde politikalar geli\u015ftirmeleri laz\u0131m. G\u00f6rmeleri gerekir ki, demokratik olmayan, az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ezmeye devam eden bir T\u00fcrkiye, belki d\u0131\u015f bask\u0131ya boyun e\u011ferek, ge\u00e7mi\u015fe ili\u015fkin basit bir \u00f6z\u00fcr dileyebilir. Bu mu istedikleri? Demokratik olmayan, insan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermeyen, fikir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mam\u0131\u015f bir T\u00fcrkiye ge\u00e7mi\u015fe ili\u015fkin \u00f6z\u00fcr dilese veya \u2018evet soyk\u0131r\u0131md\u0131r’ dese ne olur ki? Bu mu istedikleri?’ Yapmalar\u0131 gereken \u015feyi \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu: \u2018s\u0131radan bir anti-T\u00fcrkiye \u00e7izgisinden vazge\u00e7meliler. T\u00fcrkiye’yi tek bir blok gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcp, T\u00fcrkiye’ye zarar veren \u015fey bize faydal\u0131d\u0131r, zihniyetinden vazge\u00e7meliler’…”[171]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Herkesin malumu oldu\u011fu \u00fczere “Hrant hakk\u0131nda soyk\u0131r\u0131m kelimesini kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Davan\u0131n ilk oturumu mart ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lacakt\u0131. Hrant’\u0131n bu davada nas\u0131l bir savunma yapmak istedi\u011fi konusundaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini bilmek galiba \u00f6nemli. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Hrant’\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m kelimesini kullanmada sorunu oldu\u011fu, kelimeyi kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hatta diyaspora Ermenilerinden bu kelimeyi kullanmamalar\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fik bi\u00e7imlerde dile getirildi.<\/p>\n

Galiba \u00f6ncelikle onun soyk\u0131r\u0131m kelimesini kullan\u0131p kullanmama konusundaki tutumunu yeniden hat\u0131rlatmak gerekiyor. Hrant, yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda ve konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda, soyk\u0131r\u0131m kelimesini kullanmazd\u0131. \u00d6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye’de, soyk\u0131r\u0131m m\u0131 de\u011fil mi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan uzak durmay\u0131 tercih ederdi. \u2018Ben milletimin ba\u015f\u0131na geleni biliyorum, siz ne derseniz deyin’,derdi. \u2018Ben kelimeyi veya kelimeleri tart\u0131\u015fmak istemiyorum, sorunun insani boyutunu \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmak istiyorum’, derdi.<\/p>\n

Fikri \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yleydi: \u2018Bu topraklarda bir ulus ya\u015f\u0131yordu ve \u015fimdi yok, onlar k\u00f6klerinden kopar\u0131ld\u0131lar, bir a\u011fac\u0131n k\u00f6k\u00fcnden kopar\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi. Onlar\u0131n buradaki hayatlar\u0131na son verildi. Bir ya\u015fam\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, bu insan dram\u0131n\u0131 ben kelimelere s\u0131\u011fd\u0131ramam, \u00f6nce bunu anlay\u0131n. Bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hi\u00e7bir kelimenin bu insani dram\u0131 anlatmaya yetmeyece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.’<\/p>\n

\u00d6zel sohbetlerimizden biliyorum. Soyk\u0131r\u0131m kelimesini kullanmaktan, insanlar\u0131 fazla gerdi\u011fi, sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne fazla katk\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in uzak durmay\u0131 da tercih ediyordu. Bunu bir s\u00f6yle\u015fisinde de ifade etti zaten; \u2018Ben asl\u0131nda olan\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n o kadar \u00f6nemli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, olan\u0131n kendisinin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum. \u2018Siz buna soyk\u0131r\u0131m deyin’ gibi bir derdim asla yok! Asl\u0131nda bu tip dayatmalar\u0131n T\u00fcrk toplumunda \u00e7ok yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yorum. Bu toplum idrak etmeli, tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenmeli.’<\/p>\n

Nas\u0131l T\u00fcrkiye’de kimseye, 1915’i nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi konusunda kar\u0131\u015fmay\u0131, fetva vermeyi do\u011fru bulmuyorsa, benzeri bir tutumu diyasporada da tak\u0131n\u0131yordu. Onun diasporaya soyk\u0131r\u0131m kelimesini kullanmaktan vazge\u00e7in gibi en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir talebi olmad\u0131.”[172]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

O h\u00e2lde \u015fimdi \u015funa yan\u0131t arayaca\u011f\u0131z: Ya Ahbarik Hrant ile karde\u015flik ya da ink\u00e2r\u0131n karanl\u0131k labirentleri…<\/em>[173]<\/em><\/b><\/em><\/p>\n

Tercihimiz net olmak zorundad\u0131r: “Biz 1915’te Ermenileri imha eden Bo\u011fazl\u0131yan Kaymakam\u0131 Kemal’in T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden mi yanay\u0131z, yoksa, “Ben Allah’\u0131n gazab\u0131ndan korkar\u0131m” diyerek Kemal’in i\u015fledi\u011fi cinayetlere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan, onun idam\u0131 i\u00e7in ifade veren Bo\u011fazl\u0131yan M\u00fcft\u00fcs\u00fc Abdullahzade Mehmet Efendi’den mi yanay\u0131z? Biz Talat’tan, Enver’den Bahaettin \u015eakir’den, Doktor N\u00e2z\u0131m’dan, Diyarbak\u0131r Valisi Re\u015fit’ten; onlar\u0131n cinayetlerinden, onlar\u0131n T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden mi yanay\u0131z? Biz, onlar\u0131n T\u00fcrkl\u00fck ad\u0131na cinayet i\u015flemelerine mi sahip \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131z, bu cinayetleri lanetleyenlerin T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne mi sahip \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131z? <\/em><\/p>\n

Bilmemiz gerekiyor, bizim 1915’lerde, Ankara Valisi Mazhar\u0131m\u0131z, Halep Valisi Celalimiz, Kastamonu Valisi Re\u015fit’imiz, Yozgat Mutasarr\u0131f\u0131 Cemal’imiz, K\u00fctahya Kaymakam\u0131 Ali Faik’imiz, Der-Zor Kaymakam\u0131 Ali Fuat’\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131. 1915’lerde bizim T\u00fcrkl\u00fck ad\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z askerlerimiz, komutanlar\u0131m\u0131z da var. Bizim 3. Ordu Komutan\u0131 Vehip Pa\u015fam\u0131z; Trabzon Garnizon Komutan\u0131 Avni Pa\u015fam\u0131z; Miralay Vasfi’miz; Yozgat Mevkii Kumandan\u0131 Binba\u015f\u0131 Salim’imiz var. Trabzonlular belki \u015fimdi bir katile, Og\u00fcn Samast’a sahipler, 1915’te de Trabzon’da Vali Cemal Azmi; \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 Yenibah\u00e7eli Nail gibi katiller vard\u0131 ama 1915’de Trabzon’da bu cinayetlere tav\u0131r alan, sonra mahkemelerde katillere katil diyen Trabzonlular\u0131m\u0131z da vard\u0131. Trabzon Polis \u015eefi Nuri’miz; Trabzon t\u00fcccar\u0131 Ahmet Ali Bey; Trabzon G\u00fcmr\u00fck M\u00fcfetti\u015fi Nesim Bey’imiz var. “Ben Ermenilerin kay\u0131klara doldurulup bo\u011fdurulduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlerimle g\u00f6rd\u00fcm ama engel olamad\u0131m” diyen Trabzon milletvekili Haf\u0131z Mehmet Emin Bey’imiz var… <\/em><\/p>\n

Bu sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m isimler, onlarcadan, binlerceden, onbinlerceden sadece baz\u0131lar\u0131. <\/em><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrklerin, T\u00fcrkiye’nin bir tercih yapmas\u0131 gerekiyor, ya bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ve d\u00fcnk\u00fc katillerin T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya bug\u00fcn \u2018Biz Ermeniyiz’ diye ba\u011f\u0131ranlar\u0131n ve d\u00fcn “Ellerimizi kana bulamay\u0131z” diyenlerin T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. (…)<\/em><\/p>\n

Benim \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Hrant’\u0131, can karde\u015fini, Ermenisini kaybetmi\u015f bir dostun, bir karde\u015fin, bir T\u00fcrk’\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc, aln\u0131m\u0131za kara leke s\u00fcrmek isteyen katillerin ellerinden alal\u0131m. Hep bir a\u011f\u0131zdan, \u2018Hepimiz Hrant’\u0131z, hepimiz Ermeni’yiz’ diye ba\u011f\u0131ral\u0131m. <\/em><\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131k T\u00fcrkler ve Ermeniler aras\u0131nda kin, nefret ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k yaratmak isteyenlere verilecek en b\u00fcy\u00fck cevapt\u0131r…”<\/em>[174]<\/em><\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

N\u0130HAYET D\u0130YORUM K\u0130…<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

“Bir yalan ne kadar<\/p>\n

h\u0131zl\u0131 olursa olsun,<\/p>\n

hakik\u00e2t onu yeti\u015fip ge\u00e7er.”[175]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Nihayet diyeceklerimi noktal\u0131yorum: Bu duru\u015fmalar ke\u015fke olmasayd\u0131…[176]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

Ama olmu\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n da, “Bir \u00e7\u0131pla\u011f\u0131 bin z\u0131rhl\u0131 soyamaz,” diyen Bulgar Atas\u00f6z\u00fc’ndeki kararl\u0131l\u0131kla, “Karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 lanetlemektense bir mum yakmak daha iyidir,” t\u00fcr\u00fcnden sonu\u00e7lara hizmet edece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum…<\/p>\n

Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 ve \u0131srarla bu hik\u00e2yenin tatl\u0131ya ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yor ve “Ride bene chi ride l’ultimo”[177]<\/em><\/b> diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum!<\/p>\n

Sonra da h\u00e2l\u00e2, m\u00fcthi\u015f bir \u0131srarla Paul Eluard’\u0131n dizelerini terenn\u00fcm ediyorum:<\/p>\n

“Hi\u00e7bir vakit tam karanl\u0131k de\u011fil gece<\/p>\n

Kendimde denemi\u015fim ben<\/p>\n

Kulak ver dinle<\/p>\n

Her ac\u0131n\u0131n sonunda<\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131k bir pencere vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k bir pencere…”<\/p>\n

Ve nihayet Arthur C. Clarke’\u0131n, “Olabilirli\u011fin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 beklemek i\u00e7in tek yol, olanlar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131p olanaks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7mektir” s\u00f6z\u00fcnden veya “Olanaks\u0131z\u0131 isteyerek olas\u0131 en iyiyi elde ederiz,” diyen \u0130talyan Atas\u00f6z\u00fcnden esinlenerek; en b\u00fcy\u00fck ger\u00e7ek\u00e7ili\u011fin “imk\u00e2ns\u0131z denileni” istemek oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum…<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131 sorulursa “B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130nsanl\u0131k”\u0131n saf\u0131nda olup da, ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp\/ davranmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil ve olmuyor\/ olamaz da…<\/p>\n

Evet, evet tam da bunun i\u00e7in \u015funlar\u0131 dedi bizim b\u00fcy\u00fck ozan, N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet usta:<\/p>\n

“B\u00fcy\u00fck insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n topra\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6lge yok<\/p>\n

soka\u011f\u0131nda fener<\/p>\n

penceresinde cam<\/p>\n

ama umudu var b\u00fcy\u00fck insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n<\/p>\n

umutsuz ya\u015fanm\u0131yor.”[178]<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

11 May\u0131s 2008 16:01:45, Ankara.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

N O T L A R<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

[1]<\/em><\/b> “Ku\u015fkunun oldu\u011fu yerde, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck vard\u0131r.” (Latin Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.)<\/p>\n

[2]<\/em><\/b> 6 Mart 2008 duru\u015fmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin haber linkleri: http:\/\/www.radikal.com.tr\/haber.php?haberno=249499… http:\/\/www.evrensel.net\/haber.php?haber_id=26624… http:\/\/www.birgun.net\/bolum-56-haber-60346.html… http:\/\/www.yenisafak.com.tr\/gundem\/?t=07.03.2008&c=1&i=104201… http:\/\/www.bianet.org\/bianet\/kategori\/bianet\/105393\/yazar-temel-demirerin-301-davasi-sona-yaklasti-bile<\/a>… http:\/\/www.atilim.org\/haberler\/2008\/03\/06\/Demirer_mahkemede__Katil_devlettir__dedi.html… http:\/\/www.antenna- www.ihop.org.tr\/ebulten\/v1.6\/ – 78k -… tr.org\/guncel.asp?feox=1240&lgg=tr… http:\/\/www.gercekgundem.com\/?p=118310… http:\/\/www.netgazete.com\/NewsDetail.aspx?nID=760116… http:\/\/www.ihlas.net.tr\/detay.asp?id=760116&type=sd<\/a>… http:\/\/www.ozgurradyo.com\/?s=haber_ayrinti&haber_no=28369<\/a>… http:\/\/www.ozgurgundem.org\/haber.asp?haberid=47064<\/a>… http:\/\/www.ozgurgundem.org\/haber.asp?haberid=47064<\/a>… http:\/\/www.mavidefter.org\/anasayfa\/content\/blogcategory\/25\/71\/<\/a>… http:\/\/www.hyetert.com\/haber3.asp?AltYazi=Haberler%20\>%20Güncel&Id=28699&DilId=1… http:\/\/www.ozgurhaber.com\/yonlendir.php?id=1794214&i=NetGazete&b=Yazar-Temel-Demirer’in,-Dink-cinayetine-ili\u015fkin-konu\u015fmas\u0131-nedeniyle-yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131na-ba\u015fland\u0131… http:\/\/66.102.9.104\/search?q=cache:CzzK0S8JBeMJ:www.cokozel.net\/rss\/default.asp?id=57+"temel+demirer"&hl=tr&ct=clnk&cd=370&lr=lang_tr… http:\/\/www.devrimciler.com\/modules.php?name=Forums&file=viewtopic&p=7348… http:\/\/www.savaskarsitlari.org\/arsiv.asp?ArsivTipID=5&ArsivAnaID=44177&ArsivSayfaNo=1… http:\/\/www.sendika.org\/yazi.php?yazi_no=15748… http:\/\/www.hurhaber.com\/news_detail.php?id=109122… http:\/\/www.agos.com.tr\/index.php?cat_id=2… http:\/\/sosyalistdemokrasi.info\/v1\/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=199&Itemid=1… http:\/\/www.ilericigenclik.org\/haberler\/temel-demirerin-ilk-durusmasi-gerceklesti… http:\/\/www.donkisotlar.net\/habers\/habergoster.asp?id=1125… http:\/\/vigilancecitoyenne.blog.20minutes.fr\/… http:\/\/team-aow.discuforum.info… http:\/\/www.yevrobatsi.org\/st\/item.php?r=1&id=4482… http:\/\/www.armenews.com\/article.php3?id_article=39198… http:\/\/www.ebabylone.com\/revuepresse_turquie.html… http:\/\/www.panarmenian.net\/news\/eng\/?nid=25258… hyeforum.com\/index.php?showtopic=15259&view=getlastpost… www.ermeniler.com\/?ref=BenimShopum.com… http:\/\/jihadwatcher.com\/index.php?bdprssarchivedate=2008-03-06… http:\/\/eye-on-the-world.blogspot.com\/2008\/03\/turkish-writer-calling-to-armenian.html… http:\/\/www.armtown.com\/news\/en\/pan\/20080306\/25258\/… hayaser.net\/modules.php?name=News&new_topic=1…<\/p>\n

[3]<\/em><\/b> \u00c7in Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/em><\/b> “De\u011fi\u015fiklik” konusunda bkz: Adnan Keskin, “301’de Ne De\u011fi\u015fti Sorusu?”, Taraf, 9 Nisan 2008, s.10; Nazif \u0130flazo\u011flu, “301’de Son Durum: Kovu\u015fturma Soru\u015fturma Olacak”, Radikal, 18 Nisan 2008, s.7; “301’e Makyaj Yap\u0131ld\u0131”, Evrensel, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.7; Nihal Alp, “301. Maddede Makyaj Tamam”, Birg\u00fcn, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.12; Yurdag\u00fcl \u015eim\u015fek-Rifat Ba\u015faran, “301 Davalar\u0131 Duracak”, Radikal, 20 Nisan 2008, s.11; Yurdag\u00fcl \u015eim\u015fek, “TCK 301 Nihayet De\u011fi\u015fti”, Radikal, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.5; “TCK’n\u0131n 301. Maddesine AB Ayar\u0131”, At\u0131l\u0131m, Y\u0131l:4, No:2008\/17 (206), 26 Nisan 2008, s.1-4; Hasan Soylu, “Yama Tutmayan 301. Maddeye Yeni Bir M\u00fcdahale Daha!”, Haks\u00f6z, No:206, May\u0131s 2008, s.21-22; Nazif \u0130flazo\u011flu, “301’de Son Garabet”, Radikal, 12 Nisan 2008, s.5; \u00d6mer \u015eahin, “301’i Atat\u00fcrk de De\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f, MHP ve DSP de”, Zaman, 20 Nisan 2008, s.14; “D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Babacan: 301’in T\u00fcm\u00fcyle Kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 G\u00fcndemimizde Yok”, Evrensel, 17 Nisan 2008, s.7; “301: S\u00f6z, Yetki, Karar Adalet Bakan\u0131’na”, Taraf, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.11; Zeki Co\u015fkun, “301-1 May\u0131s Denklemi”, Taraf, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.15; Yurdag\u00fcl \u015eim\u015fek, “301 G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinde Son Raunt Sal\u0131”, Radikal, 27 Nisan 2008, s.7; \u0130smet Berkan, “301 De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi de De\u011fi\u015fmeli!”, Radikal, 16 Nisan 2008, s.3; “AK Parti de 301 S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131”, Taraf, 6 Nisan 2008, s.10; “AKP’de 301 \u00c7atla\u011f\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 15 Nisan 2008, s.5; “AKP’nin 301 Numaras\u0131”, Evrensel, 21 Nisan 2008, s.2; “Makyajl\u0131 301 Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe Girdi”, Evrensel, 9 May\u0131s 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/em><\/b> “AB 301. Madde De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden Memnun”, Birg\u00fcn, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.13.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/em><\/b> Elif \u015eafak, “\u00dczerime Be\u015f \u00c7ocuk Bile Yapar\u0131m Rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Geldi”, Taraf, 20 Nisan 2008, s.5.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/em><\/b> Ad\u0131yamanl\u0131lar, manken Aysun Kayac\u0131 ve M\u00fcjde Ar i\u00e7in su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulunup, iki \u00fcnl\u00fcn\u00fcn 301’den yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131’na, avukat\u0131 Hac\u0131 Orhan ile gelen Ad\u0131yaman ve \u0130l\u00e7eleri Sosyal Yard\u0131mla\u015fma ve Dayan\u0131\u015fma Derne\u011fi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Orak, su\u00e7 duyurusu dilek\u00e7esini savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa verdi. Avukat Orhan, TCK’n\u0131n “halk\u0131 kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011fa tahrik” konulu 216’nc\u0131 maddesi ile \u2018hakaret” su\u00e7unu d\u00fczenleyen 125’inci ve T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’ni a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama su\u00e7unu da i\u00e7eren 301’inci maddesinin ihl\u00e2l edildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle cezai i\u015flem yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. (G\u00f6kay Usanmaz, “Kayac\u0131 ve M\u00fcjde Ar, 301’lik Olacak”, Sabah, 2 Nisan 2008, s.2.)<\/p>\n

M\u00fcjde Ar, “Da\u011fdaki \u00e7obanla benim oyum ayn\u0131 olmamal\u0131” diyen Aysun Kayac\u0131 ve kendisi hakk\u0131nda TCK’n\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc maddesi 301’den su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulunulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, “Bu su\u00e7lama 301’e hakarettir” diyen \u00d6DP Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ufuk Uras’a k\u0131zd\u0131. Aysun Kayac\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 potada de\u011ferlendirilmesine “Ben Kayac\u0131’n\u0131n s\u00f6zlerine ele\u015ftirel bak\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ortaya koydum” diye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan Ar, Uras’a telefon a\u00e7arak sitem etti. Uras ise Ar’\u0131 “Sizi Aysun Kayac\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 kefeye koymam” diyerek yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (H\u00fclya Karaba\u011fl\u0131, “Ufuk Uras’a 301 Sitemi”, Sabah, 4 Nisan 2008, s.2.)<\/p>\n

[8]<\/em><\/b> “301 Kere Ma\u015fallah”, Radikal, 31 Mart 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/em><\/b> “Tursun Ailesi 301’lik Oldu!”, Radikal, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.5.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/em><\/b> “Dink’in O\u011fluna Hapis \u0130stemi”, Radikal, 15 Haziran 2007, s.8.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/em><\/b> Serg\u00fcl Can\u0131g\u00fcr “A\u00e7\u0131klamaya 301’den Dava A\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 27 Nisan 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/em><\/b> TCK 301 hakk\u0131nda bkz: “15 Ayda 2 Bin 722 Ki\u015fi 301’lik Olmu\u015f”, \u00c7oban Ate\u015fi, Y\u0131l:2, No:47, 3 Nisan 2008, s.2; “301’den A\u00e7\u0131lan Dava Say\u0131s\u0131 744, San\u0131k Say\u0131s\u0131 1189”, Evrensel, 31 Mart 2008, s.7; “301 Kere S\u00f6z Verdiniz, Art\u0131k Tutun”, Taraf, 3 Nisan 2008, s.10; Adnan Keskin, “T\u00fcrkl\u00fck Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Alt\u0131nda 301 Komedisi”, Taraf, 20 Nisan 2008, s.11; Erdal \u015eafak, “301 De\u011fi\u015febilir mi?”, Sabah, 13 Nisan 2008, s.5; R\u0131fat \u00d6zbek, “301. Madde Ti\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fc Yapas\u0131m Geliyor”, Taraf, 4 May\u0131s 2008, s.4; A. Cemal G\u00f6ker, “TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Arzuh\u00e2limdir-301: 301 Kere Hay\u0131r”, G\u00fcney Dergisi, No:44, Nisan-May\u0131s-Haziran 2008, s.5-6; Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr, “T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Tahkir ve Tezyif Etti\u011finden…”, Taraf, 4 May\u0131s 2008, s.12; Fikret Karag\u00f6z, “Baba Tursun da 301’lik”, Taraf, 4 May\u0131s 2008, s.10; H. G\u00f6khan \u00d6zg\u00fcn, “Abdullah Abi ve AKP ve 301”, Radikal, 20 Nisan 2008, s.11; Taha Akyol, “Yarg\u0131 ve 301”, Milliyet, 10 Nisan 2008, s.17; Hasan Celal G\u00fczel, “301 Gene Olmam\u0131\u015f”, Radikal, 10 Nisan 2008, s.8; K\u00f6ksal Bayraktar, “TCK 301. Madde \u00dczerine Son \u00c7\u0131rp\u0131n\u0131\u015flar”, Cumhuriyet, 30 Nisan 2008, s.2; Hasan Cemal, “301’ciler \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe de, Demokrasiye de Yak\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor!”, Milliyet, 18 Nisan 2008, s.21; \u015e\u00fckran Soner, “301’den \u00d6nemli”, Cumhuriyet, 26 Nisan 2008, s.15; Orhan Birgit, “301: Ya da Tefti\u015f F\u0131r\u00e7as\u0131…”, Cumhuriyet, 11 Nisan 2008, s.7; Oktay Ek\u015fi, “Yeni Bir 301 Marifeti”, H\u00fcrriyet, 13 Nisan 2008, s.1-27; “Eren Keskin 301’i Bekleyecek”, Taraf, 14 Nisan 2008, s.112; “Kanado\u011flu’ndan 301 Ele\u015ftirisi”, Cumhuriyet, 9 Nisan 2008, s.7; “Nokta Dergisi Muhabirine 301’den Beraat”, Evrensel, 4 Nisan 2008, s.3; “301 \u0130\u00e7in Yeni Geri Say\u0131m”, Cumhuriyet, 4 Nisan 2008, s.4; “301 Muhalifleri, Polis Tartaklad\u0131”, Zaman, 19 Nisan 2008, s.15; “301’de De\u011fi\u015fiklik E\u011filimi”, Cumhuriyet, 18 Nisan 2008, s.9; \u00d6mer U\u011fuz, “301 Y\u00fcksekova’da”, Taraf, 27 Nisan 2008, s.10; “Tursunlara 301’den 2 Dava”, Milliyet, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.4; Taylan Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, “Baran’\u0131n Ailesine 301’den \u0130ki Dava”, H\u00fcrriyet, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.6; K\u00fcr\u015fat Bumin, “Baba Tursun ve 301 Madde”, Yeni \u015eafak, 7 May\u0131s 2008, s.10.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/em><\/b> H\u00fcsn\u00fc \u00d6nd\u00fcl, “301: De\u011fi\u015fse Ne Olur?”, 10 Nisan 2008, s.5.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/em><\/b> Bask\u0131n Oran, “301’e Havlu ve Makyaj”, Radikal \u0130ki, 13 Nisan 2008, s.3.<\/p>\n

[15]<\/em><\/b> \u00dcmit Karda\u015f, “AKP’nin 301 Kand\u0131rmacas\u0131”, Radikal \u0130ki, 13 Nisan 2008, s.3.<\/p>\n

[16]<\/em><\/b> T\u00fcrkan Yal\u00e7\u0131n Sancar, “Siyasal Yaraya Hukuki Pansuman”, Radikal \u0130ki, 13 Nisan 2008, s.1.<\/p>\n

[17]<\/em><\/b> Ellen Meiksins Wood, “\u0130\u015f\u00e7i S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na Demokrasi Laz\u0131m…”, Cumhuriyet Dergi, No:1154, 4 May\u0131s 2008, s.4.<\/p>\n

[18]<\/em><\/b> “Sami Sel\u00e7uk’tan G\u00fcl’e 301 \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131”, H\u00fcrhaber, 6 May\u0131s 2008 Sal\u0131 10:37.<\/p>\n

[19]<\/em><\/b>“A\u0130HM Yarg\u0131c\u0131 T\u00fcrmen: 301 De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Kozmetik”, Radikal, 26 Nisan 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[20]<\/em><\/b> “301’e Dava Yetkisi G\u00fcl’e”, H\u00fcrriyet, 8 Nisan 2008, s.18.<\/p>\n

[21]<\/em><\/b> Fatih Polat, “301 De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Yetersiz Bulundu”, Evrensel, 21 Nisan 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[22]<\/em><\/b> “Zarakolu’nun Yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131: 301 De\u011fi\u015ftirilince Karar Verecek”, Cumhuriyet, 9 Nisan 2008, s.5.<\/p>\n

[23]<\/em><\/b> Adnan Keskin, “Olur, Beni Yarg\u0131lay\u0131n”, Taraf, 13 Nisan 2008, s.10.<\/p>\n

[24]<\/em><\/b> TCK 301’in parlamento ser\u00fcveni i\u00e7in bkz: “…\u2018301 Kald\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n’ \u0130mzalar\u0131 Haziranda Meclis’te”, Radikal, 29 Nisan 2008, s.7; “301. Madde Genel Kurulda”, Cumhuriyet, 28 Nisan 2008, s.6; Derya Sazak, “301, Mumcu, Hrant”, Milliyet, 11 Nisan 2008; “\u00d6zok’tan 301. Madde \u0130\u00e7in Denge \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131”, Radikal, 20 Nisan 2008, s.11; “\u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Komisyonu 301 Yetkisini \u0130stiyor”, Radikal, 18 Nisan 2008, s.7; “301 Yetkisi K\u00f6\u015fk’e De\u011fil Bakana”, Radikal \u0130ki, 19 Nisan 2008, s.8; “301 Haftaya Meclis’te”, Cumhuriyet, 23 Nisan 2008, s.4; “AKP, 301 ve 305’te Ka\u00e7amak Yolu Se\u00e7ti, Topu K\u00f6\u015fk’e Att\u0131”, Radikal, 8 Nisan 2008, s.10; “\u015eahin: G\u00fcl 301 Yetkisine \u0130tiraz Etmedi”, Radikal, 14 Nisan 2008, s.6; “TCK 301: K\u00f6\u015fk, Tekliften Endi\u015fe Duyuyor”, Radikal, 13 Nisan 2008, s.8; “301’de Mumcu Krizi”, Milliyet, 13 Nisan 2008, s.19; “Toptan’la Erdo\u011fan \u2018\u0130zin’ Konusunda Ayr\u0131 D\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc: 301 Jet H\u0131z\u0131yla…”, Radikal, 15 Nisan 2008, s.7; “301. Madde 23 Nisan’a Tak\u0131ld\u0131”, Birg\u00fcn, 21 Nisan 2008, s.8; “AKP’nin 301 Teklifi Mumcu’ya Tak\u0131ld\u0131”, Evrensel, 10 Nisan 2008, s.7; “301 \u00c7ankaya’ya Ba\u011fland\u0131”, Taraf, 8 Nisan 2008, s.11; “301’de K\u00f6\u015fk \u00c7ark\u0131”, H\u00fcrriyet, 14 Nisan 2008, s.20; “301 Oturumunda Sakarya Hesab\u0131”, H\u00fcrriyet, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.20; “301. Madde Meclis’ten Ge\u00e7ti”, Cumhuriyet, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.5; \u00d6nder Y\u0131lmaz, “301 Sava\u015flar\u0131”, Milliyet, 15 Nisan 2008, s.16; “301’den Dava \u0130\u00e7in K\u00f6\u015fk \u015eart\u0131”, Milliyet, 8 Nisan 2008, s.12; “301. Madde G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcyor”, Evrensel, 30 Nisan 2008, s.7; “301 Madde Genel Kurulda”, Evrensel, 28 Nisan 2008, s.7; “Meclis’te 301 Mesaisi Ba\u015fl\u0131yor”, Radikal, 14 Nisan 2008, s.6; Ayla Uncu, “Toptan Geldi 301 Krizi Bitti”, Taraf, 11 Nisan 2008, s.10; “Toptan, \u00c7in’den Geldi 301 Krizi Bitti”, Sabah, 14 Nisan 2008, s.19; Nazl\u0131 Il\u0131cak, “301 ve Mumcu”, Sabah, 13 Nisan 2008, s.19.<\/p>\n

[25]<\/em><\/b>“K\u00f6yl\u00fc: 301’den Beter 125. Madde Var”, Taraf, 14 Nisan 2008, s.10.<\/p>\n

[26]<\/em><\/b> Terry Davis, “Atat\u00fcrk 301’e Ge\u00e7it Vermezdi”, Radikal, 1 Nisan 2008, s.10.<\/p>\n

[27] <\/em><\/b>TCK 301 “de\u011fi\u015fimi”ne ili\u015fkin refleksler konusunda bkz: “CHP ve MHP’li Milletvekilleri AKP’nin 301 Teklifine Kar\u015f\u0131”, Radikal, 9 Nisan 2008, s.5; “Devlet Bah\u00e7eli: 301 AKP \u0130\u00e7in \u015eeref \u0130mtihan\u0131”, H\u00fcrriyet, 9 Nisan 2008, s.20; “Bah\u00e7eli: 301’i Halka Sor”, H\u00fcrriyet, 30 Nisan 2008, s.20; “Bah\u00e7eli: 301 Referanduma Gitsin”, Milliyet, 30 Nisan 2008, s.19; “Bah\u00e7eli 301’e Referandum \u0130stedi”, Taraf, 30 Nisan 2008, s.11; “Bah\u00e7eli’den AKP’ye \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131: 301. Maddeyi Referanduma G\u00f6t\u00fcrelim”, Cumhuriyet, 30 Nisan 2008, s.5; “MHP 301 \u0130\u00e7in D\u00fc\u011fmeye Bast\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 16 Nisan 2008, s.5; U\u011fur Becerikli, “MHP’den, 301′ Kar\u015f\u0131 Kampanya \u0130\u00e7in 2 Milyon YTL”, Sabah, 4 Nisan 2008, s.20; “MHP-BBP 301 Karde\u015fli\u011fi”, Radikal, 4 Nisan 2008, s.6; “CHP’den 301 \u0130\u00e7in Destek Yok”, Radikal, 2 Nisan 2008, s.8; Ayla Uncu, “Muhalefetin \u015eanl\u0131 301 M\u00fcdafaas\u0131”, Taraf, 11 Nisan 2008, s.11; I\u015f\u0131k Kansu, “Hukuka Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k”, Cumhuriyet, 14 Nisan 2008, s.17; Mustafa K\u0131nal\u0131, “Ek\u015fi: 301’de Korktu\u011fum Oldu”, H\u00fcrriyet, 13 Nisan 2008, s.27; “C\u00fcppeli Eylem: 301 T\u00fcmden Kald\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n”, Taraf, 25 Nisan 2008, s.10; “Fethiye \u00c7etin: 301’i Hrant \u0130\u00e7in Kald\u0131rmak Zorunday\u0131z”, Yeni \u015eafak, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.12; “\u015eahin: 301’in Tamamen Kalkmas\u0131 Do\u011fru De\u011fil”, Sabah, 30 Nisan 2008, s.19.<\/p>\n

[28]<\/em><\/b> “AKP 301’de Yaln\u0131z Kald\u0131”, Radikal, 16 Nisan 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[29]<\/em><\/b> Rifat Ba\u015faran “AKP’li Ya\u015far Yak\u0131\u015f: 301 De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Yeterli De\u011fil”, Radikal, 29 Nisan 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[30]<\/em><\/b> “MHP’den Kar\u015f\u0131 Kampanya”, Cumhuriyet, 8 Nisan 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[31]<\/em><\/b> “CHP, 301 De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine Aslanlar Gibi Direniyor”, Radikal, 10 Nisan 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[32]<\/em><\/b> Cemil Ci\u011ferim, “Kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n Ama De\u011fi\u015ftirilsin”, Cumhuriyet, 19 Nisan 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[33]<\/em><\/b> “T\u00fcrk: Katil 301 Kald\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n”, Cumhuriyet, 16 Nisan 2008, s.4.<\/p>\n

[34]<\/em><\/b> “301. Maddenin Modern ve Demokratik Bir Devlette Yeri Yok”, Financial Times, 2 May\u0131s 2008<\/p>\n

[35]<\/em><\/b> \u00dcmit Karda\u015f, “And\u0131\u00e7 ve TCK’da Bir May\u0131n”, Radikal \u0130ki, 20 Nisan 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[36]<\/em><\/b> D. Zaven.<\/p>\n

[37]<\/em><\/b> Benito Mussolini, aktaran: \u0130smail Mert Ba\u015fat, G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnden Ba\u015fka S\u0131n\u0131r Yok, Denemeler, K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Yay., 2008, s.70.<\/p>\n

[38]<\/em><\/b> \u0130smail Saymaz, “Bir 301 Komedisi”, Radikal, 15 Nisan 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[39]<\/em><\/b> “Yaras\u0131 olan gocunur.” (\u0130ngiliz Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.)<\/p>\n

[40]<\/em><\/b> Filli durum i\u00e7in bkz: “… \u2018\u0130nsan Haklar\u0131’n\u0131n Ad\u0131 Kald\u0131 Yadig\u00e2r”, Radikal, 30 Nisan 2008, s.8; G\u00fcng\u00f6r Karaku\u015f, “T\u00fcrkiye’de 1 Milyon Ki\u015fi \u0130\u015fkence Ma\u011fduru”, Sabah, 24 Nisan 2008, s.16; H\u00fcsn\u00fc \u00d6nd\u00fcl, “\u0130\u015fkencenin Haritaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131”, Evrensel, 24 Nisan 2008, s.5; \u015eebnem Korur Fincanc\u0131, “\u0130\u015fkence Atlas\u0131”, Evrensel, 28 Nisan 2008, s.3; Sevim Denizalt\u0131, “\u0130\u015fkencenin Atlas\u0131”, Birg\u00fcn, 28 Nisan 2008, s.7; “S\u00f6z, Eylem, D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc”, At\u0131l\u0131m, Y\u0131l:4, No:2008\/17 (206), 26 Nisan 2008, s.4; Halil Turhanl\u0131, “S\u00f6z ve D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin Maddeselli\u011fi”, Radikal, 30 Nisan 2008, s.11; Kurtulu\u015f Tayiz, “D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce San\u0131k K\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnde”, Taraf, 4 May\u0131s 2008, s.13; “T\u00fcrkiye’de Bas\u0131n K\u0131smen \u00d6zg\u00fcr”, Sabah, 30 Nisan 2008, s.16; “… \u2018Bizi de Yarg\u0131lay\u0131n’ Dediler”, Birg\u00fcn, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[41]<\/em><\/b> Adnan Keskin, “HSYK \u00dcyeli\u011fine \u2018F Tipi Mimar\u0131’ Savc\u0131”, Taraf, 7 May\u0131s 2008, s.12.<\/p>\n

[42]<\/em><\/b> Erol \u00d6ndero\u011flu, “Son \u00dc\u00e7 Ayda 186 Ki\u015fi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinden \u00d6t\u00fcr\u00fc Mahkemelik”, B\u0130A Haber Merkezi, 1 May\u0131s 2008.<\/p>\n

[43]<\/em><\/b> H\u00fclya Keskin, “T\u00fcrkiye’de \u0130\u015fkence Art\u0131yor”, Cumhuriyet, 28 Mart 2008, s.4.<\/p>\n

[44]<\/em><\/b> Meltem Y\u0131lmaz, “Prof. Dr. \u00dcmit Bi\u00e7er: Raporlar\u0131n Y\u00fczde 55’i Yanl\u0131\u015f”, Cumhuriyet, 11 Nisan 2008, s.3.<\/p>\n

[45]<\/em><\/b> “Jandarma Karakolunda \u00dcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc \u0130\u015fkence \u0130ddias\u0131”, Radikal, 10 May\u0131s 2008, s.9.<\/p>\n

[46]<\/em><\/b> \u0130smail Saymaz, “… \u2018F Tipi’nde Behi\u00e7 A\u015f\u00e7\u0131 genelgesi Uygulanm\u0131yor”, Radikal, 10 Nisan 2008, s.9.<\/p>\n

[47]<\/em><\/b> Ertu\u011frul Mavio\u011flu, “F Tipinde Yasa\u011fa Bahane mi Yok!”, Radikal, 29 Nisan 2008, s.9.<\/p>\n

[48]<\/em><\/b> \u0130smail Saymaz, “\u0130zin G\u00fcn\u00fcnde Kahveye Gitmedi Diye \u0130\u015ften At\u0131ld\u0131”, Radikal, 22 Nisan 2008, s.9.<\/p>\n

[49]<\/em><\/b> Erdal \u015eafak, “\u0130nsan Haklar\u0131”, Sabah, 14 Nisan 2008, s.5.<\/p>\n

[50]<\/em><\/b> Saint Exupery.<\/p>\n

[51]<\/em><\/b> Murat Belge, “M\u00fcesses Nizam\u0131n Korunmas\u0131”, Radikal, 20 Nisan 2008, s.13.<\/p>\n

[52]<\/em><\/b> \u0130smail Saymaz, “Gaz Bombas\u0131 Polisi de Korkuttu: Ya Patlarsa!”, Radikal, 8 May\u0131s 2008, s.9.<\/p>\n

[53]<\/em><\/b> “\u0130\u00e7eriden ve D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan Tepki”, Radikal, 8 May\u0131s 2008, s.9.<\/p>\n

[54]<\/em><\/b> “Cerrah Polisi Ele\u015ftirdi”, Taraf, 8 May\u0131s 2008, s.11.<\/p>\n

[55]<\/em><\/b> Oral \u00c7al\u0131\u015flar, “Bu Kadar \u00c7ete Hukuk Devletinde Olur mu?”, Cumhuriyet, 18 Nisan 2008, s.4.<\/p>\n

[56]<\/em><\/b> Cassey Maddox, Felsefenin \u00d6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc G\u00fcn, Versus Yay., 2008, s.3.<\/p>\n

[57]<\/em><\/b> “Darbe Yarg\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 Ar\u0131yor”, Taraf, 12 Nisan 2008, s.1-4.<\/p>\n

[58]<\/em><\/b> Yonca Cing\u00f6z, “Alper G\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f’e Beraat, \u2018Darbe Kan\u0131t\u0131’na \u00c7\u00f6p Sepeti”, Radikal, 12 Nisan 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[59]<\/em><\/b> \u0130smail Saymaz, “Bu da \u2018AKP Kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 Odak Olma’ Davas\u0131”, Radikal, 16 Nisan 2008, s.8.)<\/p>\n

[60]<\/em><\/b> “Failler Belli, G\u00f6zalt\u0131 Yok”, Cumhuriyet, 30 Nisan 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[61]<\/em><\/b> \u0130smail Saymaz, “K\u00fcrt\u00e7e Su\u00e7 Duyurusu ve Savunmaya Dava \u0130\u00e7inde Dava”, Radikal, 31 Mart 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[62]<\/em><\/b> “Eski milletvekili Leyla Zana, \u2018PKK’n\u0131n lideri \u00d6calan’a K\u00fcrt \u00f6nderi dedi\u011fi i\u00e7in’ iki y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Mahkeme Leyla Zana’n\u0131n mahkemeye sundu\u011fu savunmas\u0131nda da \u2018su\u00e7 unsuru’ buldu. Mahkeme Zana’ya \u2018su\u00e7 ve su\u00e7luyu \u00f6vme’ su\u00e7undan iki y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131 verdi. Zana, \u2018pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in’ cezada indirim de yap\u0131lmad\u0131. Mahkeme heyeti ayr\u0131ca Zana’n\u0131n be\u015f sayfal\u0131k savunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in de su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulunmaya karar verdi.” (“\u00d6calan’a K\u00fcrt \u00f6nderi Diyen Zana’ya \u0130ki Y\u0131l Hapis Cezas\u0131”, Radikal, 11 Nisan 2008, s.9.)<\/p>\n

[63]<\/em><\/b> “\u0130ddianamede \u2018Adalet Skandal\u0131’ Anlat\u0131ld\u0131”, Radikal, 20 Mart 2008, s.10.<\/p>\n

[64]<\/em><\/b> “Deniz Gezmi\u015f ve Musa Anter \u0130simlerine Dava A\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131”, Evrensel, 9 May\u0131s 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[65]<\/em><\/b> T\u00fcrk(iye) Hukuk(suzlu\u011f)una ili\u015fkin \u00f6rnekler hakk\u0131nda bkz: Hasan H\u00fcseyin Evin, “Burjuvazinin Hukuksal Sefaleti”, Evrensel, 28 Nisan 2008, s.8; H\u00fcseyin Hatemi, “Hukuk Bunal\u0131m\u0131”, Yeni \u015eafak, 24 Nisan 2008, s.8; Ali Sirmen, “Bir Hukuk Cinayeti”, Cumhuriyet, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.4. Emre Ak\u00f6z, “Tarafs\u0131z Yarg\u0131\u00e7 m\u0131, Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Yarg\u0131\u00e7 m\u0131?”, Sabah, 27 Nisan 2008, s.6; Cahit Nalbanto\u011flu, “Adalete Sayg\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 4 May\u0131s 2008, s.2; Orhan Birgit, “Yarg\u0131tay Ba\u015fkan\u0131’ndan Geciken Adalete Ele\u015ftiri”, Cumhuriyet, 7 May\u0131s 2008, s.7; Taha Akyol, “Hukuk\u00e7u B\u00f6yle Konu\u015fur”, Milliyet, 26 Nisan 2008, s.19; Taha Akyol, “AKP ve Yarg\u0131”, Milliyet, 2 May\u0131s 2008, s.17; H\u0131ncal Ulu\u00e7, “Adaletin Bu mu D\u00fcnya?”, Sabah, 7 May\u0131s 2008, s.15; H\u00fcseyin Hatemi, “Hukuk Devleti Toplumu”, Yeni \u015eafak, 8 May\u0131s 2008, s.13; Oktay Candemir, “… \u2018Mu\u011flal\u0131’ \u0130smine G\u00f6revsizlik Karar\u0131”, Evrensel, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.6; Erkan \u00c7\u0131nar-Sevgim Denizalt\u0131, “33 Kur\u015fun’a \u0130zin Deniz’e Yasak”, Birg\u00fcn, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[66]<\/em><\/b> Faruk \u00d6zsu, “Hukuk, Yarg\u0131 ve Sayg\u0131”, Radikal \u0130ki, 27 Nisan 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[67]<\/em><\/b> Hint Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[68]<\/em><\/b> A. Cihan Soylu, “… \u2018Devlet G\u00f6revi’ \u0130ktidar ve \u015eiddet”, Evrensel, 8 May\u0131s 2008, s.7;<\/p>\n

[69]<\/em><\/b> 2007 ya da 1977 farkl\u0131 m\u0131yd\u0131 sanki? “Kanl\u0131 1 May\u0131s’\u0131 [1977] devlet organlar\u0131 tertip etmi\u015ftir! 34 ki\u015finin katili bizzat devlet ayg\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r! O g\u00fcn ben derin devleti g\u00f6zlerimle g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.” (C\u00fcneyt \u00dclsever, “1 May\u0131s 1977”, H\u00fcrriyet, 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.22.)<\/p>\n

[70]<\/em><\/b> “Sokaklar \u2018\u0130\u015fkencehane’ Gibi”, Cumhuriyet, 2 May\u0131s 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[71]<\/em><\/b> 1 May\u0131s’\u0131 Taksim’de kutlamak isteyen i\u015f\u00e7ilere, \u0130stanbul Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Celalettin Cerrah y\u00f6netimindeki polisin \u015fiddeti h\u00e2l\u00e2 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken, Polis Akademisi G\u00fcvenlik Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130brahim Cerrah’a g\u00f6re g\u00fcvenlik te\u015fkil\u00e2t\u0131 toplumu “tehdit” olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor, sivil denetim \u015fart. (Mesut Hasan Benli, “Bu Cerrah Ba\u015fka Cerrah…”, Radikal, 9 May\u0131s 2008, s.6.) Ayr\u0131ca devletin \u015fiddeti i\u00e7in bkz: \u00d6zlem Albayrak, “Orant\u0131s\u0131z G\u00fc\u00e7, G\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fckt\u00fcr”, Yeni \u015eafak, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.15; Fikret \u0130lkiz, “… \u2018Zor’ Kullanan Devlet”, Birg\u00fcn, 6 May\u0131s 2008, s.6; Saim Canatan, “\u015eiddet”, Cumhuriyet, 11 May\u0131s 2008, s.2; “Baran Tursun’u \u00d6ld\u00fcren Kur\u015funun Sekmedi Direkt Sapland\u0131”, Taraf, 10 May\u0131s 2008, s.5; “Bilirki\u015fi Raporu: Baran Tursun Direkt Vuruldu”, Radikal, 10 May\u0131s 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[72]<\/em><\/b> “Bu Devlet Ter\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr”, internetajans, 2 May\u0131s 2008 13:52:00.<\/p>\n

[73]<\/em><\/b> “Polis Aya\u011f\u0131yla \u0130ki Kere Bile\u011fime Vurdu, K\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Hissettim”, Radikal, 4 Nisan 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[74]<\/em><\/b> Bahri Karata\u015f, “Ahmet Kaya Dinleyen Genci D\u00f6ven \u0130ki Polise Dokuz Y\u0131l Hapis Talebiyle Dava”, Radikal, 7 Nisan 2008, s.5.<\/p>\n

[75]<\/em><\/b> “\u00c7ocuklara Biber Gaz\u0131 S\u0131kan Polis A\u00e7\u0131kta…”, Radikal, 9 May\u0131s 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[76]<\/em><\/b> Faili Me\u00e7hulde Karar A\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131: Resmi Ara\u00e7la \u0130nfaz Edildi”, Milliyet, 8 Nisan 2008, s.12.<\/p>\n

[77]<\/em><\/b> Mesut Hasan Benli, “Polis, Nevruz Olaylar\u0131nda Bir de Omuz \u00c7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015f”, Radikal, 16 Nisan 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[78]<\/em><\/b> \u00c7in Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[79]<\/em><\/b> \u0130smail Saymaz, “Turgut’tan Hakaret O.S.’den K\u00fcf\u00fcr”, Radikal, 26 \u015eubat 2008, s.7.<\/p>\n

[80]<\/em><\/b> Konuya ili\u015fkin olarak bkz: “Hrant Dink Davas\u0131nda San\u0131klar H\u00e2kim Korumas\u0131nda”, \u0130\u015f\u00e7i-K\u00f6yl\u00fc, Y\u0131l:1, No:15, 18 Nisan-1 May\u0131s 2008, s.7; “Dink Soru\u015fturmas\u0131 Yenilensin”, Evrensel, 17 Nisan 2008, s.7; “Dink’in Avukatlar\u0131 Taleplerini Yineledi”, Birg\u00fcn, 28 Nisan 2008, s.9; “Alt\u0131 Polis, Dink Soru\u015fturmas\u0131nda \u0130fade Verecek”, Milliyet, 18 Nisan 2008, s.24; Erdal K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, “Cerrah Hakk\u0131nda Dink Soru\u015fturmas\u0131”, Milliyet, 5 Nisan 2008, s.23; “Hayal’in \u2018S\u0131r’ G\u00fcnleri”, Cumhuriyet, 3 May\u0131s 2008, s.6; Yurdag\u00fcl \u015eim\u015fek, “Jandarmadan Yan\u0131t: Dink Cinayetini \u00d6nceden Bilmiyorduk”, Radikal, 31 Mart 2008, s.7; “Hrant Dink Soru\u015fturmas\u0131 Tekrarlans\u0131n”, Cumhuriyet, 17 Nisan 2008, s.5.<\/p>\n

[81]<\/em><\/b> Bahar K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7gedik, “\u00c7ete Dink Suikast\u0131n\u0131 Biliyordu”, Taraf, 11 Nisan 2008, s.1-12.<\/p>\n

[82]<\/em><\/b> “Dink Dosyas\u0131nda Jandarma \u0130tiraf\u0131: Komutanlar Biliyordu”, Radikal, 21 Mart 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[83]<\/em><\/b> McDonald’s’\u0131n bombalanmas\u0131 olay\u0131nda Yasin Hayal’i tahliye ederek tart\u0131\u015fma yaratan h\u00e2kim \u015eevki Ulu\u00e7am, iki jandarman\u0131n Hrant Dink suikast\u0131yla ilgili olarak yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 mahkemeye atand\u0131<\/p>\n

Azmettirici Yasin Hayal’in, McDonald’s’a bomba att\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 davada tart\u0131\u015fma yaratan tahliye karar\u0131na imza atan heyetin ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u015eevki Ulu\u00e7am, jandarmalar\u0131n yarg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 Trabzon 2. Sulh Ceza Mahkemesi’ne atand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dink’in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine y\u00f6nelik olarak Trabzon 2. Sulh Ceza Mahkemesi’nde a\u00e7\u0131lan davada jandarma astsubay Okan \u015eim\u015fek ile jandarma uzman \u00e7avu\u015f Veysel \u015eahin yarg\u0131lan\u0131yor. (Tolga \u015eardan-G\u00f6k\u00e7er Tahincio\u011flu, “Mahkemeye \u0130lgin\u00e7 Atama”, Milliyet, 4 Nisan 2008, s.14.)<\/p>\n

[84]<\/em><\/b> “19 Ocak 2007’de Ne Olmu\u015ftu 28 Nisan 2008’de Ne Olacak”, Radikal, 17 Nisan 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[85]<\/em><\/b> Hilal K\u00f6se, “Katil O.S’yi Alk\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015flar”, Cumhuriyet, 29 Nisan 2008, s.5.<\/p>\n

[86]<\/em><\/b> “Yaz\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu-Tuncel \u0130li\u015fkisi”, Radikal, 26 Nisan 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[87]<\/em><\/b> Hilal K\u00f6se, “B\u00fcy\u00fck Abi Susturdu!”, Cumhuriyet, 26 \u015eubat 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[88]<\/em><\/b> “Alt\u0131 Polis \u0130\u00e7in Soru\u015fturma \u0130zni”, Radikal, 18 Nisan 2008, s.8.<\/p>\n

[89]<\/em><\/b> Paulo Freire.<\/p>\n

[90]<\/em><\/b> Ahmet \u0130nsel, “Ermeni Tehciri ve Ahl\u00e2ki Sorumluluk”, Radikal \u0130ki, 20 Nisan 2008, s.3.<\/p>\n

[91]<\/em><\/b> Soyk\u0131r\u0131m tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in bkz: “Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Unutulmad\u0131”, At\u0131l\u0131m, Y\u0131l:4, No:2008\/18 (207), 1 May\u0131s 2008, s.3; Bask\u0131n Oran, “24 Nisan, 12 Eyl\u00fcl’\u00fcn Atas\u0131 m\u0131?”, Radikal \u0130ki, 4 May\u0131s 2008, s.3; Emek De\u011firmenci, “… \u201824 Nisan Tabusu’ Tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131”, Birg\u00fcn, 26 Nisan 2008, s.9; Bar\u0131\u015f Ba\u015ft\u00fcrk, “100 Y\u0131l \u00d6nce T\u00fcrkiye’de Ermeniler”, Toplumsal Tarih Dergisi, No:173, May\u0131s 2008, s.15-16; David Gaunt, Katliamlar, Direni\u015f, Koruyucular. I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda Do\u011fu Anadolu da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-H\u0131ristiyan \u0130li\u015fkileri. Belge Yay., Ekim 2007; “\u0130nk\u00e2r, Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Su\u00e7unun Par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r”, Le Monde, 10 Ekim 2006; “53 Nobel’linin \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m’ Form\u00fcl\u00fc”, Cumhuriyet, 11 Nisan 2007, s.11; Evan R. Goldstein, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Siyasete Alet Edilmemeli”, Ha’aretz, 24 Temmuz 2007; Murat Belge, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m, Tarih, Hukuk”, Radikal, 1 \u015eubat 2008, s.11; “Aborijinlerden Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Su\u00e7lamas\u0131”, \u00dclkede \u00d6zg\u00fcr G\u00fcndem, 15 Nisan 2005, s.8; “Fransa, Ruanda Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131’na \u00c7anak Tutmu\u015f”, Evrensel, 4 Temmuz 2007, s.10; Celil Demiralp, “Fransa Ge\u00e7mi\u015fiyle Y\u00fczle\u015fmiyor”, G\u00fcndem, 12 Temmuz 2007, s.10; \u00d6zg\u00fcr Dirim \u00d6zkan, “Srebrenitsa’n\u0131n Ac\u0131s\u0131”, Radikal \u0130ki, 29 Temmuz 2007, s.6; “Adalet Divan\u0131 S\u0131rbistan’\u0131 Aklad\u0131”, Evrensel, 27 \u015eubat 2007, s.10; Sami Kohen, “Kosova \u00d6rnek mi?”, Milliyet, 21 Kas\u0131m 2007, s.12; Sami Kohen, “Kosova \u00d6rnek Olabilir mi?”, Milliyet, 10 Mart 2007, s.20; Yahya Berman, “Bosna Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131: Hukuk Adalete Yeter mi?”, Birikim Dergisi, No:216, Nisan 2007, s.41-50; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m: Yeni Geli\u015fmeler (2)”, Radikal, 3 Kas\u0131m 2005, s.7; G\u00fcneri Civao\u011flu, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131mda Dolar \u0130zi”, Milliyet, 17 Mart 2007, s.19; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Mukayeseli Soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar (1)”, Radikal, 7 May\u0131s 2005, s.7; Avni \u00d6zg\u00fcrel, “Ermeni Meselesi… Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Bir End\u00fcstri Oldu”, Radikal, 13 Mart 2005, s.11; Turgut Tarhanl\u0131, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Karar\u0131 ve Adalet”, Radikal, 6 Mart 2007, s.10; Turgut Tarhanl\u0131, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Karar\u0131: \u0130lk G\u00f6zlemler”, Radikal, 1 Mart 2007, s.10; Yahya Berman, “Bosna Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ve Adaletin H\u00e2lleri”, Radikal, 2 Mart 2007, s.12; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Divan ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Hukuku (1)”, Radikal, 3 Mart 2007, s.7; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Divan ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Hukuku (2)”, Radikal, 6 Mart 2007, s.7; Taha Akyol, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u0130\u00e7in \u0130\u00e7tihat”, Milliyet, 28 \u015eubat 2007, s.17; \u0130lter T\u00fcrkmen, “Uluslararas\u0131 Adalet Divan\u0131 ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m”, H\u00fcrriyet, 10 Mart 2007, s.6; Hadi Uluengin, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve Emsal”, H\u00fcrriyet, 28 \u015eubat 2007, s.12; Rag\u0131p Zarakolu, “Bosna Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Anmas\u0131ndan”, Evrensel, 17 Temmuz 2007, s.16; H\u00fcseyin Ba\u015f, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Sab\u0131kal\u0131 Pazarlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131..”, Cumhuriyet, 9 Temmuz 2007, s.10; Nilg\u00fcn Cerraho\u011flu, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve G\u00fc\u00e7 Politikas\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 3 Mart 2007, s.17; Nilg\u00fcn Cerraho\u011flu, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve G\u00fc\u00e7 Politikas\u0131 (II)”, Cumhuriyet, 5 Mart 2007, s.17; Fikret Bila, “Dachau Kamp\u0131 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n Ne Oldu\u011funu G\u00f6steriyor”, Milliyet, 16 \u015eubat 2007, s.18.<\/p>\n

[92]<\/em><\/b> Kamuoyunun Paris’te 1915 kurbanlar\u0131 ad\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lan an\u0131t\u0131yla tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 Gomidas Vartabed, Ermenilerin 1915 Tehciri ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirdikleri bir tarihsel kimlik. As\u0131l ismi So\u011fomon So\u011fomonyan olan Gomidas, 1869 y\u0131l\u0131nda K\u00fctahya’da d\u00fcnyaya gelir ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta hem anne, hem de babas\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder. 11 ya\u015f\u0131nda rahip olmak \u00fczere Ermenistan’a gider. Anadili T\u00fcrk\u00e7e oldu\u011fundan, manast\u0131r e\u011fitimine Ermenice \u00f6\u011frenerek ba\u015flar. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta m\u00fczi\u011fe olan yetene\u011fi fark edilir ve hem Tiflis, hem de Almanya’da \u00f6nemli m\u00fczik okullar\u0131ndan birincilikle mezun olur. D\u00f6nemin olduk\u00e7a tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve sayg\u0131n etnom\u00fczikologlar\u0131ndan olan Gomidas, Anadolu ve Kafkaslar\u0131 on y\u0131l boyunca dola\u015farak aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Ermenice, K\u00fcrt\u00e7e, Fars\u00e7a’n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu pek \u00e7ok dilde, kaybolmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f s\u00f6ylence ve mayalar\u0131 kendi geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi nota sistemiyle kayda ge\u00e7irir. Tek sesli Ermeni kilisesi ayinini, \u00e7ok sesli notaya ge\u00e7irir. 24 Nisan 1915’te tutuklanarak Anadolu’nun i\u00e7lerine g\u00f6nderilen ve \u00e7o\u011funun geri d\u00f6nmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderilir. Geni\u015f \u00e7evresi ve \u00f6zellikle yak\u0131n dostlar\u0131 Halide Edip Ad\u0131var ve Amerikan b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Morgenthau’nun \u00e7abalar\u0131yla son anda kurtar\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130stanbul’a akl\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f olarak d\u00f6ner. Bir s\u00fcre \u015ei\u015fli’deki La Paix psikiyatri hastanesinde kald\u0131ktan sonra dostlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan , Paris’e g\u00f6nderilir. 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda akl\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f bir h\u00e2lde hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumar. (“Gomidas: Tehcirin Sembol\u00fc”, Taraf, 24 Nisan 2008, s.12.)<\/p>\n

[93]<\/em><\/b> 24 Nisan 1915’te 300’e yak\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen Ermeni ayd\u0131n ve siyaset\u00e7i tutuklanarak tehcir edildi… Ermeniler ve pek \u00e7ok tarih\u00e7inin ortak fikrine g\u00f6re, 24 Nisan tutuklamalar\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce Ermeni ayd\u0131n, siyaset\u00e7i ve cemaat \u00f6nde geleni \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131, \u00c7orum ve Aya\u015f gibi Anadolu’nun i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelerine s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015f, Gomidas Vartabed gibi, hat\u0131rl\u0131 dostlar\u0131 sayesinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir grup hayatta kalabilmeyi ba\u015farsa da, say\u0131lar\u0131 220 ile 300 ki\u015fi aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu iddia edilen Ermeni ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi biliniyor. S\u00fcrg\u00fcnde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Ermeni \u00f6nde gelenlerinin listesini \u015f\u00f6yleydi:<\/p>\n

“Rupen Sevag (\u015eair, yazar, hekim), Siamanto (\u015fair, yazar), Krikor Zohrab (milletvekili, yazar), Tanyel Varujan (\u015fair), Rupen Zartaryan (\u015fair, yazar, gazeteci), Sarkis Abo (\u00f6\u011fretmen), Levon Aghababian (E\u011fitimci), Hrant Aghacanian (bankac\u0131), Mihran Tabakyan (yazar, e\u011fitmen), Mihran Aghajanian, Mihran Aghasyan (\u015fair), Ha\u00e7adur Malumyan (gazeteci), Vahram Altunyan (t\u00fcccar), V. Arabyan (e\u011fitimci), Sarkis Ardmantsi, Karmuni, Asadur Arsenyan (eczac\u0131), Artsruni (e\u011fitimci), Baruyr Arzumanyan, Harutyun Asaduryan, Varteres Atanasyan (yerel y\u00f6netici), Adzarik (eczac\u0131), Ha\u00e7ik Bardizbanyan (doktor), Hamparsum Boyac\u0131yan (doktor), Yervant \u00c7avu\u015fyan (bilim insan\u0131, e\u011fitimci), Dikran \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fcryan (gazeteci, e\u011fitimci), Harutyun Kalfayan (avukat, yerel y\u00f6netici), Nazaret Dahavaryan (doktor), Bo\u011fos Danyelyan (avukat), Yervant Der Kaprielyan, Armen Dorian (\u015fair), Parunak Feruhyan (m\u00fczisyen, yerel y\u00f6netici), Goncag\u00fclyan (t\u00fcccar), Krikor Torosyan (gazeteci), G\u00fclistanyan (doktor), Mihtad Haygazn (e\u011fitimci, t\u00fcccar), Hamparsum Hamparsumyan (gazeteci-yazar), Arda\u015fes Harutyunyan (gazeteci-yazar), Apraham Harigyan (T\u00fcrkolog), M\u0131g\u0131rdi\u00e7 Hovhanesyan (e\u011fitimci), Melkon G\u00fcrc\u00fcyan (gazeteci-yazar), Krikor H\u00fcrm\u00fcz (gazeteci-yazar), Ha\u00e7ik \u0130dareciyan (e\u011fitimci), Aris \u0130srailyan (e\u011fitimci), Apik Cambaz (t\u00fcccar), Harutyun Cang\u00fclyan (siyaset\u00e7i), Harutyun Kalfayan (e\u011fitimci), Arisdakes Kasparyan (Avukat, t\u00fcccar), Husig A. Kahanayan (din adam\u0131), Kevork Kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131yan (t\u00fcccar), Levon Kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131yan (t\u00fcccar), Mihran Kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131yan (t\u00fcccar), Prof. Dikran Kelekyan (e\u011fitimci, yazar), Akrik Keresteciyan (t\u00fcccar), Karekin Khacak (gazeteci), Hovhannes Kiliciyan (matbaac\u0131), Hovhannes K\u0131mpetyan (\u015fair), Harutyun Pekmezyan (t\u00fcccar), H.Kevork K\u00f6leyan, Harutyun Konyal\u0131yan (t\u00fcccar), \u015eavar\u015f K\u0131risyan (gazeteci-yazar), Prof. Levon Kiri\u015f\u00e7iyan (\u015fair, e\u011fitimci), Onnik Ma\u011fazac\u0131yan (co\u011frafyac\u0131), Hazar Hazaryan (e\u011fitmen), A.D. Matteosyan (avukat, yazar), Teodoros Menzikyan (t\u00fcccar), Sarkis Minasyan (siyaset\u00e7i, aktivist, e\u011fitimci ve gazeteci), Krikor Misk\u00e7iyan (eczac\u0131), Dr. \u0130stepan Misk\u00e7iyan, Zareh Mumcuyan (dilbilimci), Hovhannes Onnikyan, Krikor Onnikyan, M\u0131g\u0131rdi\u00e7 Onnikyan, Nerses Papazyan (din adam\u0131), Ke\u011fam Parse\u011fyan (e\u011fitimci-gazeteci), Dr. Garabet Pa\u015fayan (milletvekili), Yervant Perdah\u00e7\u0131yan (din adam\u0131), Purad S\u0131mpat Der gazaryan (yazar), Vram\u015fabuh Samuelof (banker), Garabet Sarafyan (yerel y\u00f6netici), Jak Sayabalyan (konsolos terc\u00fcman\u0131), Vartkes Hovhannes Sereng\u00fclyan (milletvekil), Parse\u011f \u015eahbaz (gazeteci-yazar), Yenovk \u015eahen (oyuncu), Harutyun \u015eahrikyan (avukat). (“24 Nisan’da Ne Olmu\u015ftu”, Taraf, 24 Nisan 2008, s.12.)<\/p>\n

[94]<\/em><\/b> Ali Bayramo\u011flu, “24 Nisan 1915’den 24 Nisan 2008’e…”, Yeni \u015eafak, 25 Nisan 2008.<\/p>\n

[95]<\/em><\/b> Murat Belge, “\u00dcz\u00fclmek de Yasak”, Radikal, 12 Nisan 2005, s.11.<\/p>\n

[96]<\/em><\/b> Marcel Proust.<\/p>\n

[97]<\/em><\/b> \u00c7in Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[98]<\/em><\/b> Horen’li Musa’n\u0131n bahsetti\u011fi Hayk, ya da Strabon’un bahsetti\u011fi Armenos gibi g\u00fcya Ermenileri yeni vatanlar\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcren destans\u0131 kahramanlarla ilgili farkl\u0131l\u0131k, Ermenilerin par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f a\u015firetler olduklar\u0131 ve Anadolu’nun \u00e7e\u015fitli kesimlerinde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n

[99]<\/em><\/b> Diakonoff a g\u00f6re M.\u00d6. IX. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar politik \u00f6zerkli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Alzi’deki Mu\u015fki krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 da, Ermeni devletini olu\u015fturan \u00e7ekirdeklerden biri olarak dikkate al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n

[100]<\/em><\/b> Diakonoff Proto-Ermenice konu\u015fanlar\u0131n, Mu\u015fki ve Urumi a\u015firetlerinin do\u011fuya do\u011fru ilerlemesinde yer alm\u0131\u015f ve belki de M.\u00d6. XII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda onlarla beraber Yukar\u0131 F\u0131rat ve Murat nehirleri vadilerinde yerle\u015fmi\u015f olabileceklerinden bahsetmektedir. Diakonoff Proto-Ermenice konu\u015fanlar\u0131n Mu\u015fki (do\u011fu kolu) ve belki de Urumiler olarak tan\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 sonucuna varmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

[101]<\/em><\/b> Eski Ermenice’nin temel kelime haznesine ait olmayan ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 a\u00e7\u0131klanamayan \u00e7o\u011fu kelime Hurri-Urartu k\u00f6kenli olabilir. Ermeniler Hurri-Urartu d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan k\u00f6le, tu\u011fla, m\u00fch\u00fcr, kalay, yerel bitki isimleri (nane, nar, erik, ayva) ve b\u00f6lgenin yerli mal\u0131 olan di\u011fer maddelere ait terimleri \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 alm\u0131\u015f olabilirler. Ancak Eski Ermeni dil tabakas\u0131nda M.\u00d6. VI. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f \u0130skitli gruplar ya da bat\u0131l\u0131 Hint-\u0130ran k\u00f6kenlilerle olan ili\u015fkilere ait hi\u00e7bir iz tespit edilmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a gariptir.<\/p>\n

[102]<\/em><\/b> \u0130lk yaz\u0131l\u0131 Ermeni metinlerinden bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce, geli\u015fmesinin \u00e7ok erken bir a\u015famas\u0131nda Ermeni dilini konu\u015fan kimselerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan Knidos’lu Eudoxus gibi Yunan gezginler, Ermenice’nin ses yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Phryg diline benzedi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Eski Ermenice’nin k\u00f6kenine ili\u015fkin yorumlar yaparken Diakonoff, di\u011fer Hint-Avrupa dillerine ait herhangi bir gruba oranla, kelime haznesinde belli bir Trak, Phryg ve Yunan dili akrabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n saptand\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n

[103]<\/em><\/b> Persler Ermenistan’dan Armina olarak bahsederken, Babilliler ve \u0130braniler eski Urartu ve Ararat terimlerini kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Pers Kral\u0131 I. Darius’un askeri komutan\u0131 olan Dadrsis’in, ad\u0131n\u0131n Pers\u00e7e olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Ermeni k\u00f6kenli oldu\u011funa i\u015faret edilmi\u015ftir. Bu da, Pers y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131nda baz\u0131 Ermenilerin y\u00fcksek mevkilere getirildiklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

[104]<\/em><\/b> Jak Yakar, Anadolu’n\u0131n Etnoarkeolojisi, \u00e7ev: Selen H\u0131r\u00e7\u0131n Riegel, Homer Kitapevi, 2007, s.123-124-125-126-127.<\/p>\n

[105]<\/em><\/b> Eliot.<\/p>\n

[106]<\/em><\/b> Yusuf Hikmet Bayur: T\u00fcrk \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131 Tarihi. Cilt 1 K\u0131s\u0131m 1. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Bask\u0131 (Ankara: T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1983), 6-8; Cevdet K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck: Osmanl\u0131 Diplomasisinde Ermeni Meselesinin Ortaya \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, 1878-1897 (\u0130stanbul; \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Edebiyat Fak\u00fcltesi, 1984), 13-15; Lou\u0130se Nalbandian: The Armenian Revolutionary Movement. The Development ofArmenian Political Parties through the Nineteenth Cenntury (University of California Press, 1963), 27-28.<\/p>\n

[107]<\/em><\/b> Osmanl\u0131 devleti ile Ermeni cemaati aras\u0131nda geli\u015fen bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7in bkz. Arman J. Kirakossian: British Diplomacy and the Armenian Ouestion from the 1830s to 1914 (Princeton Landon: Gomidas Institute Books, 2003), 83-283; Stanford J. Shaw: History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. 2. Cilt, 202-205, Do\u011fu Anadolu b\u00f6lgesindeki Ermeniler ve K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131nda artan gerilim i\u00e7in bkz. Hans-Lukas Kieser: Iskalanm\u0131\u015f Bar\u0131\u015f, Do\u011fu Vilayetlerinde Misyonerlik, Etnik Kimlik ve Devlet 1839-1938. Almanca’dan \u00e7ev: Atilla Dirim (\u0130stanbul: \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2005), 171-187.<\/p>\n

[108]<\/em><\/b> Misyoner okullar\u0131n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu dahilindeki H\u0131ristiyan n\u00fcfuslarda etnik kimlik ve ulusal bilincin geli\u015fimine katk\u0131s\u0131 konusunda bkz. Kieser, 116-126; Sel\u00e7uk Aksin Somel: \u2018The Religious Community Schools and Foreign Missionary Schools”, Ottoman Civilization. 1. Cilt. Haz. Halil \u0130nalc\u0131k ve G\u00fcnsel Renda (Ankara: T.C. K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2002), 396-398.<\/p>\n

[109]<\/em><\/b> Vartan Artinion: The Armenian Constitutional System in the Ottoman Empire. A Study of Historical Development (\u0130stanbul: [V.Artinian?], 1988 ?), 15-18; Aksin Somel: Dos Grundschulwesen in den Provinzen de\u015f Osmanischen Reiches wahrend der Herrschaftsperioa’e Abd\u00fclhamid II (Egelsbach, Frankfurt, Washington: Hansel-Hohenhausen Verlag, 1995), 279-280; Frank Andrews Stone: Academies lor Anatolia. A Study of the Rationale, Program and Impact of the Educatinional Institutions Sponsored by the American Board in Turkey, 1830-1980 (New York, London: University Press of America, 1984), 130; Frank Andrews Stone: “The Educat\u0130onal Awakening Among the Armenian Evangelicals of Aintab, Turkey, 1845-1915”, Armenian Review 35-1 (1982), 35.<\/p>\n

[110]<\/em><\/b> Sel\u00e7uk Ak\u015fin Somel, “Osmanl\u0131 Ermenilerinde K\u00fclt\u00fcr Modernle\u015fmesi, Cemaat Okullar\u0131 ve Abd\u00fclhamid Rejimi”, Tarih ve Toplum Yeni Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar Dergisi, No:5, Bahar 2007, s.71-73.<\/p>\n

[111]<\/em><\/b> Hans Lukas Kieser, “T\u00fcrk Ulusal Tarih\u00e7ili\u011finin G\u00f6lgesinde Ermeni tehciri”, Tarih ve Toptum Yeni Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar, say\u0131 1, Bahar 2005, s.246.<\/p>\n

[112]<\/em><\/b> Haydararakir Osmanyan Gaysrutyan Inttimatir Darreru Gonkrein, Kumarvadz Yevrobayi Me\u00e7 (Avrupa’da Toplanan Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Muhalif Unsurlar Kongresi’nin Beyannamesi), (Cenevre: Ta\u015fnaktsutyun yay\u0131n\u0131, 1907).<\/p>\n

[113]<\/em><\/b> Haydararakir Osmanyan Gaysrutyan Inttimatir Darreru Gonkrein, Kumarvadz Yevrobayi Me\u00e7 (Avrupa’da Toplanan Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu Muhalif Unsurlar Kongresi’nin Beyannamesi), (Cenevre: Ta\u015fnaktsutyun yay\u0131n\u0131, 1907). s.10.<\/p>\n

[114]<\/em><\/b> D\u00f6nemin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 analizi i\u00e7in bkz. Ar\u015fen Avagyan-Gaidz F. Minassian, Ermeniler ve \u0130ttihat ve Terakki, (\u0130stanbul: Aras, 2005).<\/p>\n

[115]<\/em><\/b> \u0130ki \u00f6nemli \u00f6rnek: Anadolu’nun Mahall-i Muhtelifesinde Eml\u00e2k ve Arazi-i Magsube Hakk\u0131nda Etmeni Patrikhanesi’nce Te\u015fekk\u00fcl Eden Komisyon-\u0131 Mahs\u00fbs Taraf\u0131ndan Tanzim Olunan Raporlar\u0131n S\u00fbret-i Terc\u00fcmesi, (\u0130stanbul: Dikran Do\u011framac\u0131yan Matbaas\u0131, 1327\/1911); ayr\u0131ca, Anadolu Vil\u00e2y\u00e2f-\u0131 Osmaniyesindeki Arazi Meselesine Dair Ermeni Patrikhanesi’nden 7 Temmuz Sene 327 Tarihiyle Makam-\u0131 Sami-i Sadaret-Uzma ile Dahiliye ve Adliye Mezahib-i Nezaret-i Celilelerine Arz ve Takdim K\u0131l\u0131nan Takririn Suretidir, (\u0130stanbul: Dikran Do\u011framaciyan Matbaas\u0131, 1328\/1912); Ermenice olarak daha sonra Tro\u015fag’da yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: “Hayeru Gatsutyum Turkio Me\u00e7” (Ermenilerin T\u00fcrkiye’deki Vaziyeti), \u015eubat-Mart 1913 (2-3), s.31-36; \u0130kinci rapora g\u00f6re Me\u015frutiyet d\u00f6neminde m\u00fcsadere edilen Ermeni arazi ve m\u00fclklerinin say\u0131s\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir: a. Milli m\u00fclkler: 13 manast\u0131r, 27 kilise, l6 mezarl\u0131k, 18 gayrimenkul, b. Hususi m\u00fclkler: 7000 m\u00fclk ve ba\u011f-bah\u00e7e (100 hektardan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck araziler dahil de\u011fil).<\/p>\n

[116]<\/em><\/b> Roderic Davison, “The Armenian Crisis, 1912-1914,” in his Essays in Ottaman and Turkish history, 1774-1923: The impact of the West, (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990), s.182.<\/p>\n

[117]<\/em><\/b> Tal\u00e2t Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n H\u00e2t\u0131ralar\u0131, (\u0130stanbul: G\u00fcven. 1940); H\u00e2t\u0131ralar\/Cemal Pa\u015fa, (\u0130stanbul: Selek, 1959); Osmanl\u0131 Mebusan Meclisi Reisi Halil Mentese’nin An\u0131lar\u0131, (\u0130stanbul; H\u00fcrriyet Vakf\u0131, 1986).<\/p>\n

[118]<\/em><\/b> Erzurum, Van, Bitlis, Diyarbekir, Mam\u00fcrer\u00fclaziz, Sivas.<\/p>\n

[119]<\/em><\/b> Rober Kopta\u015f, “1914 Ermeni Reformu ve \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131-Ta\u015fnak M\u00fczakereleri”, Tarih ve Toplum Yeni Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar Dergisi, No:5, Bahar 2007, s.159-162.<\/p>\n

[120]<\/em><\/b> Siyu Kabilesi-Yerli Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[121]<\/em><\/b> Meltem Toks\u00f6z, “Adana Ermenileri ve 1909 \u2018\u0130\u011fti\u015f\u00e2\u015f\u0131’…”, Tarih ve Toplum Yeni Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar Dergisi, No:5, Bahar 2007, s.147-155.<\/p>\n

[122]<\/em><\/b> Cemal Pa\u015fa, Hat\u0131ralar\u0131m, Selek Yay., 1959, s.354.<\/p>\n

[123]<\/em><\/b> Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr, “Adana \u0130\u011fti\u015fa\u015f\u0131”, Taraf, 6 Nisan 2008, s.13.<\/p>\n

[124]<\/em><\/b> \u00c7in Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[125]<\/em><\/b> Tolga Ersoy, “Resmi Tarih Polemikleri-7”, Sorun Polemik Dergisi, No:23, Kas\u0131m 2006, s.56-77.<\/p>\n

[126]<\/em><\/b> Katliamlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda se\u00e7ilen \u00f6nemli yerlerden biri Trabzon Vilayeti’dir. Trabzon, Rumca’da \u2018dar ve uzun b\u00f6lge’ anlam\u0131na geliyor. Trabizoid’den gelmi\u015f bir kullan\u0131m, Trapezus bir s\u00fcre kullan\u0131l\u0131r, sonra Trabzon h\u00e2lini al\u0131r. Ba\u011fl\u0131 sancaklar ve kazalar: Rize, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane, Giresun, Ordu’dur. Vilayette \u00e7o\u011funlukla T\u00fcrk, Laz, Rum, Ermeni ya\u015far. Eyalete III. Ordu Komutan\u0131 Mahmut Kamil Pa\u015fa bak\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Valisi Cemal Azmi, eyaletin \u0130ttihat Terakki temsilcisi o d\u00f6nem Yenibah\u00e7eli Nail’dir. Trabzon Vilayeti’nde 1 milyondan fazla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, 250 bin kadar Rum, 60 bin kadar Ermeni ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor o d\u00f6nem. 1903 Trabzon Vilayet Salnamesi’nde, Trabzon Vilayeti’ndeki kad\u0131n erkek ve etnik, dinsel n\u00fcfus da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle veriliyor: M\u00fcsl\u00fcman 972.981 (489.890 erkek, 483.091 kad\u0131n), Rum Ortodoks 185.784 (93.871 erkek, 91.913 kad\u0131n), Ermeni Gregoryen 50.233 (25.444 erkek, 24.789 kad\u0131n), Ermeni Katolik 1.506 (755 erkek, 751 kad\u0131n), Ermeni Protestan 1.140 (575 erkek, 565 kad\u0131n), Trabzon merkez n\u00fcfusu; T\u00fcrk, Ermeni ve Rum olmak \u00fczere 33.000’dir. \u015eehirde ev say\u0131s\u0131; 3.000’i T\u00fcrklere, 1.000’i Rumlara, 588’i Ermenilere, 140’\u0131 Katolik ve 9’u Protestan Ermenilere, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da yabanc\u0131lara ait olmak \u00fczere, 5.000 kadard\u0131r. (M. Ali \u00c7elebi, “Ermeniler Topluca Zehirlendi”, G\u00fcndem, 25 Nisan 2007, s.6.)<\/p>\n

[127]<\/em><\/b> aktaran: M. Ali \u00c7elebi, “XX. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u0130lk Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Plan\u0131: Ermeniler Katlediliyor”, G\u00fcndem, 24 Nisan 2007, s.6.<\/p>\n

[128]<\/em><\/b> Rus Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[129]<\/em><\/b> Fuat D\u00fcndar, “24 Nisan Nedir?”, Radikal, 23 Nisan 2006.<\/p>\n

[130]<\/em><\/b> Murat Belge, “T\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Tek \u00d6rne\u011fi”, Radikal, 8 May\u0131s 2005, s.11.<\/p>\n

[131]<\/em><\/b> T\u00fcrker Alkan, “T\u00fcrklerin Can\u0131 Patl\u0131can m\u0131d\u0131r?”, Radikal, 14 Ekim 2006, s.5.<\/p>\n

[132]<\/em><\/b> T\u00fcrker Alkan, “Tehcir”, Radikal, 26 Nisan 2006, s.5.<\/p>\n

[133]<\/em><\/b> Prof. Dr. Taner Timur, \u20181915 ve sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkler ve Ermeniler’ ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle der: “Her olgunun oldu\u011fu gibi, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n da tarihi k\u00f6kenleri aranabilir ve bu anlamda 1915 olaylar\u0131 da yeniden de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Fakat b\u00f6yle bir giri\u015fimde adil olmak ve b\u00fct\u00fcn kartlar\u0131 masan\u0131n \u00fczerine koymak gerekir. Bu tarz bir yakla\u015f\u0131msa \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n nerede ve nas\u0131l do\u011fdu\u011fu, nas\u0131l uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fin bilan\u00e7osu, emperyalist diplomasinin halklar\u0131 birbirine nas\u0131l d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u2018a\u015firet kavgas\u0131’ ya da \u2018etnik kavga’ gibi sunulan soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n alt\u0131nda hangi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi olgular\u0131 objektif olarak irdelemeyi gerektirir. \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f ve ileri bir T\u00fcrkiye’yi temsil eden t\u00fcm T\u00fcrkler b\u00f6yle kapsaml\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6n\u00fclden kat\u0131lacaklar, kendi tarihlerini de \u2018tepki’ ve \u2018korunma’ saplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anormal durumdan kurtaracaklard\u0131r.” (Taner Timur, 1915 ve sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkler ve Ermeniler, \u0130mge Kitabevi Yay., 2000, s.108.)<\/p>\n

[134]<\/em><\/b> Taner Ak\u00e7am, “Ermeni Meselesi H\u00e2llolunmu\u015ftur” Osmanl\u0131 Belgelerine G\u00f6re Sava\u015f Y\u0131llar\u0131nda Ermenilere Y\u00f6nelik Politikalar, \u0130leti\u015fim Yay., 2008.<\/p>\n

[135]<\/em><\/b> yage, s.11.<\/p>\n

[136]<\/em><\/b> yage, s.35-36.<\/p>\n

[137]<\/em><\/b> yage, s.37.<\/p>\n

[138]<\/em><\/b> yage, s.37.<\/p>\n

[139]<\/em><\/b> yage, s.205.<\/p>\n

[140]<\/em><\/b> \u00d6zdemir Asaf.<\/p>\n

[141]<\/em><\/b> “\u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’n\u00fc Kasapyan ailesi hi\u00e7bir kimseye satmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Devrin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti yaln\u0131z o k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131n\u0131 ve m\u00fclklerini ellerinden al\u0131p A\u011fustos 1915 y\u0131l\u0131nda t\u00fcm aileyi s\u00fcrg\u00fcne sevk etmi\u015flerdir (…) Ayr\u0131ca Kasapyan ailesinin sahip olduklar\u0131 m\u00fclkler aras\u0131nda Ke\u00e7i\u00f6ren’deki ba\u011f evi vard\u0131 ve bu ba\u011fa da Vehbi Ko\u00e7 ailesi sahip olmu\u015ftur 15 veya daha fazla sene evvel, \u0130stanbul gazetelerinden birinde bu ba\u011f evinin resmi \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131 -bu evi Vehbi Bey m\u00fczeye \u00e7evirmi\u015fti- ve annem rahmetli Vehbi Bey’e bir mektup yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Vehbi Bey de anneme o ba\u011f evinin renkli bir foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 yollam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 (…) Ayr\u0131ca Ankara’da dedemin ailesi ve karde\u015fleri kendi paralar\u0131yla bir (Ermeni Katolik) kilise in\u015fa etmi\u015flerdi ki, bu kilise de yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f…” (2007 Mart ay\u0131nda, H\u00fcrriyet’teki sayfas\u0131nda, \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’n\u00fcn ilk sahibinin \u2018sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fclkeyi terk ederken mallar\u0131n\u0131 satan’ bir Ermeni oldu\u011funu yazan Soner Yal\u00e7\u0131n’a bir d\u00fczeltme mektubu g\u00f6nderen, ancak mektubu Yal\u00e7\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanmayan Kasapyan ailesinin ferdi Edward J. \u00c7uhac\u0131.)<\/p>\n

“Annesi \u0130smail A\u011fa’ya \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler: \u2018Bir de senden dile\u011fim, o\u011flum, o kasabaya gidersen, o Ermenilerden kalma evleri, tarlalar\u0131 kabul etme. Sahibi ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f yuvada, \u00f6teki ku\u015f bar\u0131namaz. Yuva bozan\u0131n yuvas\u0131 olmaz. Zul\u00fcm tarlas\u0131nda zul\u00fcm biter.” (Ya\u015far Kemal, Ya\u011fmurcuk Ku\u015fu, s.95.)<\/p>\n

“Nedim A\u011fa’n\u0131n cemaziy\u00fclevvelini bilir misin? (…) Ermeni tehcirinde kuma\u015f ma\u011fazas\u0131na m\u0131 konmu\u015f? Adam m\u0131 bo\u011fazlam\u0131\u015f kendi gibilerle bir olup? -ikisi de var. (…) Bunlar Kayseri k\u00f6yl\u00fclerinden her y\u0131l \u00c7ukurova’ya y\u00fczlerce inenlerden (…) O zaman malum ya, Ermeniler, Rumlar ticareti ellerine alm\u0131\u015f, Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 veryans\u0131n soyuyorlar. Derken Sultan Hamit’i indiriyorlar. Me\u015frutiyet. \u0130ttihat ve Terakki. Milli zengin yeti\u015ftirme modas\u0131. Ard\u0131ndan Ermeni tehciri….” (Orhan Kemal, Kanl\u0131 Topraklar, 1972, s.102-103.)<\/p>\n

“Art\u0131k Eski\u015fehir Ermenileri de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u0131ymetdar hal\u0131lar\u0131 ve e\u015fyalar\u0131 kamilen evlerinde idi. Fakat h\u00fck\u00fcmet bunlar\u0131 muhafazadan acizdi. Sahipsiz kalan evler g\u00fcya polisler taraf\u0131ndan muhafaza olunuyordu. H\u00e2lbuki geceleyin hal\u0131lar ve davarlar, k\u0131ymetdar e\u015fya kamilen \u00e7al\u0131n\u0131yordu. Ayn\u0131 h\u00e2l \u0130zmit’in Adapazar\u0131’n\u0131n tahliyesi esnas\u0131nda da vukua gelmi\u015f, e\u015fyalar \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra izi belli edilmemek i\u00e7in evler ate\u015fe de verilmi\u015fti.” (Ahmet Refik Alt\u0131nay, iki Komite \u0130ki K\u0131t’al, Kebike\u00e7 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1994, s.34-35.)<\/p>\n

“Kasabaya geldi\u011finde yal\u0131nayakt\u0131n. Ve Ermeniler ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en g\u00fczel Ermeni evine sen kondun. Artin K\u00fclekyan’\u0131n evine Kendirli’nin kona\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sen ilkokul yapt\u0131n. Tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131na, konarg\u00f6\u00e7er T\u00fcrkmen A\u011falar\u0131na, ileri gelenlerine teker teker Ermeni evlerini sen da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131n. \u00c7ad\u0131rdan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p Ermeni konaklar\u0131na ge\u00e7tiler… Hayk Topuzyan’\u0131n topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan eder \u00e7iftli\u011finin tapusunu nas\u0131l \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131n muallim Bey, nas\u0131l? (…) Alt\u0131 bin d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck Vartan Be\u011fyan’\u0131n tarlas\u0131n\u0131 hemen onun \u00fcst\u00fcne bir g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yap\u0131verdin, ni\u00e7in? (…) Yar\u0131s\u0131na K\u00fcrtlerin yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi, geri kalan\u0131 harab olmu\u015f Ermeni \u00f6renlerinin dolaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 senden ba\u015fka kim, kim, kim ak\u0131l edebilirdi?” (Ya\u015far Kemal, Demirciler \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 Cinayeti, s.353-354.)<\/p>\n

[142]<\/em><\/b> Ay\u015fe H\u00fcr, “Ermenilerin Mallar\u0131n\u0131 Kimler Ald\u0131?”, Taraf, 2 Mart 2008, s.12.<\/p>\n

[143]<\/em><\/b> F\u00fcsun \u00dcstel, \u0130mparatorluktan Ulus-Devlete T\u00fcrk Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi: T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 (1912-1931), \u0130leti\u015fim Yay., 2’inci bask\u0131, 2004, s.196.<\/p>\n

[144]<\/em><\/b> V. \u0130. Lenin.<\/p>\n

[145]<\/em><\/b> Hasan Celal G\u00fczel, “24 Nisan’da Ermeni Yalanlar\u0131”, Radikal, 27 Nisan 2008, s.8… Ayr\u0131ca bkz: Hasan Celal G\u00fczel, “Ermeni Meselesi ve \u2018Resm\u00ee Tarih’…”, Radikal, 30 Nisan 2006, s.8; Hasan Celal G\u00fczel, “\u0130\u015fte, ABD Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Tasla\u011f\u0131’ndaki Yalanlar”, Radikal, 25 \u015eubat 2007, s.8.<\/p>\n

[146]<\/em><\/b> Orhan \u00c7eki\u00e7, “Ermeni Sorununu B\u00fcy\u00fck Devletler Yaratt\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 26 Nisan 2008, s.12… Ayr\u0131ca bkz: Orhan \u00c7eki\u00e7, “Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131, Ermenilerin T\u00fcm Hayallerini Y\u0131kt\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 28 Nisan 2008, s.8; Orhan \u00c7eki\u00e7, “Ermeni Sorununun Ba\u015f Mimarlar\u0131 Bug\u00fcn de Ayn\u0131 Rol\u00fc Oynuyor”, Cumhuriyet, 27 Nisan 2008, s.12.<\/p>\n

[147]<\/em><\/b> T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Yalanlar\u0131na Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fc de Alet Ettiler”, Cumhuriyet, 25 Nisan 2006, s.9… Ayr\u0131ca bkz: T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “… \u2018Ge\u00e7mi\u015fle Y\u00fczle\u015fmek’ Ne Demek? – 2 -“, Cumhuriyet, 25 Nisan 2008, s.16; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Nemrut Mustafa Pa\u015fa’y\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk Yapt\u0131lar”, Cumhuriyet, 27 Nisan 2006, s.9; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Atat\u00fcrk’e Yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan Uydurma Deme\u00e7ler”, Cumhuriyet, 28 Nisan 2006, s.9; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Andonian’\u0131n Sahte Belgeleri”, Cumhuriyet, 26 Nisan 2006, s.9; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Ermeni \u0130tiraflar\u0131n\u0131n Bollu\u011fu”, Cumhuriyet, 10 Ekim 2007, s.9; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Ermeni Belge Sahtecili\u011fi ve Hukuk”, Cumhuriyet, 29 Haziran 2006, s.17; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Tarihi Yan\u0131ltmak Kolay De\u011fildir”, Cumhuriyet, 10 Ekim 2007, s.9; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m m\u0131, De\u011fil mi?”, Cumhuriyet Strateji, Y\u0131l:1, No:43, 25 Nisan 2005, s.18-20; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Bir Milyon Dolara Sat\u0131n Al\u0131nan Duvar”, Cumhuriyet, 29 Nisan 2006, s.7; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “Sap\u0131n\u0131 Ben Vermeseydim…”, Cumhuriyet, 26 Nisan 2005, s.17; T\u00fcrkkaya Ata\u00f6v, “… \u2018Ge\u00e7mi\u015fle Y\u00fczle\u015fmek’ Ne Demek?”, Cumhuriyet, 24 Nisan 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[148]<\/em><\/b> \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc M. Elekda\u011f, “Ar\u015fivler Ger\u00e7e\u011fi Kan\u0131tl\u0131yor”, Cumhuriyet, 29 Nisan 2005, s.9… Ayr\u0131ca bkz: \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Elekda\u011f, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m ve Mavi Kitap”, Radikal, 27 Nisan 2005, s.11; \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Elekda\u011f, “… \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m’ ve Mavi Kitap”, Radikal, 27 Nisan 2005, s.11; \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc M. Elekda\u011f, “UAD’nin Bosna Karar\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye”, Cumhuriyet, 24 May\u0131s 2007, s.2; \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc M. Elekda\u011f, “Van’da Sadece 1500 T\u00fcrk Sa\u011f Kald\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 28 Nisan 2005, s.9; \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc M. Elekda\u011f, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u0130ddias\u0131 ve D\u00f6rt Boyutlu Strateji”, Cumhuriyet, 22 Nisan 2008, s.2; \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Elekda\u011f, “AB’den T\u00fcrkiye’ye Ermeni Engeli”, Cumhuriyet, 25 Nisan 2005, s.6; \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Elekda\u011f, “As\u0131l Sorumlu Ermenistan’d\u0131r”, Cumhuriyet, 30 Mart 2007, s.9; \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Elekda\u011f, “Nesnellikten Uzak, Tek Yanl\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 1 Temmuz 2005, s.6; \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Elekda\u011f, “Fransa’n\u0131n \u0130kiy\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc”, Cumhuriyet, 15 Ekim 2006, s.12.<\/p>\n

[149]<\/em><\/b> G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Hen\u00fcz Ama\u00e7lar\u0131na Ula\u015famad\u0131lar (1)”, Radikal, 28 May\u0131s 2005, s.7… Ayr\u0131ca bkz: G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Bellek ve Tarih”, Radikal, 18 Nisan 2006, s.7; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Hukuk \u00d6\u011freniyorlar (2)”, Radikal, 7 Mart 2006, s.7; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Unutulan Soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar”, Radikal, 26 Nisan 2005, s.7; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Hen\u00fcz Ama\u00e7lar\u0131na Ula\u015famad\u0131lar (2)”, Radikal, 31 May\u0131s 2005, s.7; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131mdan Kurtulanlar (2)”, Radikal, 1 Aral\u0131k 2005, s.7; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “Tarihle Y\u00fczle\u015fmek (4)”, Radikal, 14 May\u0131s 2005, s.7.<\/p>\n

[150]<\/em><\/b> Y\u0131lmaz Arg\u00fcden, “Ermeni Meselesinde D\u00fcnyaya Dert Anlatabilmenin Yollar\u0131”, Radikal, 23 Aral\u0131k 2006, s.11<\/p>\n

[151]<\/em><\/b> Toktam\u0131\u015f Ate\u015f, “24 Nisan’\u0131n D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri (2)”, Cumhuriyet, 28 Nisan 2005, s.3… Ayr\u0131ca bkz: Toktam\u0131\u015f Ate\u015f, “Ermeni Sorunu…”, Cumhuriyet, 1 Ekim 2005, s.3.<\/p>\n

[152]<\/em><\/b> \u0130lhan Sel\u00e7uk, “1915’in \u00d6ncesi ve Sonras\u0131…”, Cumhuriyet, 29 Eyl\u00fcl 2005, s.2.<\/p>\n

[153]<\/em><\/b> \u0130lhan Sel\u00e7uk, “Ermeni K\u0131y\u0131m\u0131nda Sorular…”, Cumhuriyet, 4 Ekim 2005, s.2… Ayr\u0131ca bkz: \u0130lhan Sel\u00e7uk, “… \u2018Tehcir’in Gerek\u00e7esi!”, Cumhuriyet, 5 May\u0131s 2005, s.2.<\/p>\n

[154]<\/em><\/b> “Genelkurmay’dan Ermeni Belgeleri”, Cumhuriyet, 12 Ekim 2006, s.9… Ayr\u0131ca bkz: “Genelkurmay Belgeleri Yay\u0131ml\u0131yor”, Radikal, 14 Nisan 2005, s.9.<\/p>\n

[155]<\/em><\/b> Nurer U\u011furlu, “Bo\u011fazl\u0131yan Ermeni Katliam\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 13 Nisan 2005, s.8.<\/p>\n

[156]<\/em><\/b> Bkz: Alev Co\u015fkun, “Ermeni Belgeleriyle Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Yalan\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 16 Eyl\u00fcl 2006, s.17; “AKP’li Egemen Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m T\u00fcccar\u0131 Irk\u00e7\u0131 Ba\u011fnaz Milliyet\u00e7iler”, Radikal, 10 Ekim 2007, s.9; \u0130lhan Sel\u00e7uk, “Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en ve Tehcir…”, Cumhuriyet, 25 \u015eubat 2004, s.2; “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Sav\u0131na Sivil Yan\u0131t”, Cumhuriyet, 13 Ekim 2007, s.15; Cenk Ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, “Ankara’n\u0131n Erivan’dan Talepleri”, Milliyet, 22 Aral\u0131k 2007, s.12; Mine G. K\u0131r\u0131kkanat, “1915’ten 2005’e”, Radikal, 22 Temmuz 2005, s.7; “… \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m’ Davas\u0131nda T\u00fcrk El\u00e7i Beraat Etti”, Radikal, 9 Eyl\u00fcl 2007, s.6; \u0130smet Berkan, “Yine Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Meselesi”, Radikal, 24 A\u011fustos 2007, s.3; Hilal Y\u0131lmaz, “\u0130sko\u00e7ya: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u0130ddias\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Taraf\u0131 Konu\u015ftu”, Radikal, 26 Ekim 2005, s.9; “D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 G\u00fcl: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Savlar\u0131: Fransa D\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Tan\u0131yan Yok”, Cumhuriyet, 21 Kas\u0131m 2005, s.10.<\/p>\n

[157]<\/em><\/b> “Hala\u00e7o\u011flu’na 353 Tarih\u00e7iden Destek”, H\u00fcrriyet, 5 May\u0131s 2005, s.24.<\/p>\n

[158]<\/em><\/b> \u0130smail Saymaz, “Bu Kemikler Nereye Gitti?”, Radikal, 26 Nisan 2007, s.5.<\/p>\n

[159]<\/em><\/b> \u00c7in Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[160]<\/em><\/b> ABD ve soyk\u0131r\u0131m tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in bkz: “ABD, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 Tan\u0131s\u0131n”, Los Angeles Times, 22 Mart 2006; Jackson Diehl, “Bir Garip Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131”, The Washington Post, 5 Mart 2007; Michael Rubin, “Ermeni Tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Amac\u0131 Trib\u00fcnleri Kazanmak”, National Rewiew, 15 Ekim 2007; Charles Krauthammer, “Ermeni Tasar\u0131s\u0131 Siyasi Bir Kumar”, The Washington Post, 19 Ekim 2007; Yaasmin Congar, “Beyaz Saray Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Tasar\u0131s\u0131’na Neden Kar\u015f\u0131?”, Milliyet, 19 Mart 2007, s.12; “Eski Beyaz Saray Dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Fein: Ermeni Savlar\u0131 Ger\u00e7ekd\u0131\u015f\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 29 Mart 2007, s.10; “24 Nisan A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: Bush \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m’ Demedi”, Cumhuriyet, 25 Nisan 2007, s.11; Semih \u0130diz, “Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tasar\u0131s\u0131na Ne Oldu?”, Milliyet, 24 May\u0131s 2007, s.22; “Ermeni Savlar\u0131n\u0131 Reddetti… ABD Tarih\u00e7i Lewy: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m De\u011fil”, Cumhuriyet, 23 Nisan 2008, s.11; Taha Akyol, “Amerika Ermeni Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi”, Milliyet, 13 Ekim 2007, s.15; Cavid Veliev, “ABD’den Ermenistan’a Karaba\u011f \u2018Deste\u011fi’…”, Cumhuriyet Strateji, Y\u0131l:3, No:148, 30 Nisan 2007, s.10-11; “Bush’a Ermeni Bask\u0131s\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 21 Nisan 2005, s.10; “Ermeni Tasar\u0131s\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Say\u0131lar T\u00fcrkiye Lehine D\u00f6n\u00fcyor”, Radikal, 17 Ekim 2006, s.9; Semih \u0130diz, “Ermeni Tasar\u0131s\u0131 G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc Revize Ediyorum”, Milliyet, 8 Mart 2007, s.14; Yaasmin \u00c7ongar, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Tasar\u0131s\u0131 2008’e Kalsa Bile…”, Milliyet, 5 Mart 2007, s.20; Yaasmin \u00c7ongar, “ABD Y\u00f6netiminde Ermeni Tasar\u0131s\u0131 Korkusu: \u0130ncirlik \u00dcss\u00fc’n\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye Kapatabilir”, Milliyet, 16 Mart 2007, s.15; Yaasmin \u00c7ongar, “Beyaz Saray Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Tasar\u0131s\u0131’na Neden Kar\u015f\u0131?”, Milliyet, 19 Mart 2007, s.15; Nur\u015fen Maz\u0131c\u0131, “ABD’yle \u0130li\u015fkiler ve Ermeni Tasar\u0131s\u0131”, Radikal, 10 Ekim 2007, s.11; “Washington Post Edit\u00f6r\u00fc: Diyaspora Ermenistan Ger\u00e7e\u011fini G\u00f6rm\u00fcyor”, Cumhuriyet, 16 Ekim 2007, s.8; “Tasar\u0131 Yersizden de \u00d6te…”, Washington Post, 10 Ekim 2007; Haluk \u00d6zdemir, “ABD, \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m’ Tasar\u0131s\u0131 ve PKK”, Radikal, 26 Ekim 2007, s.13; “Ermeni Lobisine Yine K\u00f6t\u00fc Haber”, Cumhuriyet, 29 Eyl\u00fcl 2007, s.9. “Ermeni Patri\u011fi ABD’de: Diyaspora Mutafyan’a Ate\u015f P\u00fcsk\u00fcr\u00fcyor”, Cumhuriyet, 19 Eyl\u00fcl 2007, s.11; Muzaffer \u0130lhan Erdost, “ABD Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Tasar\u0131s\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 17 Ekim 2007, s.2.<\/p>\n

[161]<\/em><\/b> \u0130lk olarak 1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda Uruguay parlamentosunun siyasi olarak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 (“Uruguay’la Ba\u015flad\u0131 18 \u00dclke Kabul Etti”, Cumhuriyet, 24 Nisan 2007, s.8.) T\u00fcrkiye’nin itirazlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n 19 \u00fclkenin parlamentosunca tan\u0131nd\u0131. En fazla say\u0131da tasar\u0131 yedi \u00fclkeyle 2005’te kabul edildi: Uruguay (1965, 2004, 2005); K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Kesimi (1982); Arjantin (1993, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007); Rusya (1995, 2005); Kanada (1996, 2000, 2004); Yunanistan (1996); L\u00fcbnan (1997, 2000); Bel\u00e7ika (1998); \u0130talya (2000); Vatikan (2000); Fransa (2001); \u0130svi\u00e7re (2003); Slovakya (2004); Hollanda (2004); Polonya (2005); Almanya (2005); Venez\u00fcella (2005); Litvanya (2005); \u015eili (2007). (“Ermeni Tasar\u0131s\u0131 Kabul Edildi”, Radikal, 11 Ekim 2007, s.10.) Ayr\u0131ca “Ermeni Meselesi”nde bat\u0131 parlamentolar\u0131n\u0131n tutumu i\u00e7in bkz: “Ermeni Olaylar\u0131: Kanada Lideri \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m’ Dedi”, Radikal, 26 Nisan 2006, s.8; “Kanada Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Harper’\u0131n \u2018Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131’ S\u00f6z\u00fc \u00dczerine Kanada ile \u0130\u015fler Bozuluyor”, Radikal, 8 May\u0131s 2006, s.13; “Kanada: Ermeni \u0130ddias\u0131 M\u00fcfredatta”, Radikal, 28 Ocak 2008, s.7; “Fransa: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u0130nk\u00e2r Cezaland\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n”, Radikal, 26 Nisan 2005, s.13; “Fransa’ya Yan\u0131t Cezayir’den”, Cumhuriyet, 13 May\u0131s 2005, s.11; “\u0130sve\u00e7 Meclisi \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131’ Tan\u0131d\u0131”, Radikal,17 Aral\u0131k 2003, s.10; G\u00fcnd\u00fcz Aktan, “\u0130svi\u00e7re ve Ermeni Meselesi”, Radikal, 28 Temmuz 2005, s.7; Ferai T\u0131n\u00e7, “Polonyal\u0131 Bakandan, Ermeni Sorunu Giri\u015fimi”, H\u00fcrriyet, 14 Nisan 2006, s.20; “Sezer’den Polonya’ya \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m’ Sitemi”, Radikal, 24 Ocak 2007, s.12; El\u00e7in Poyrazlar, “Ermeni Savlar\u0131: Almanya Topu \u00dcyelere Att\u0131”, Cumhuriyet, 18 Nisan 2007, s.11; “Barroso: Tarih Siyasete Alet Edilmesin”, Radikal, 11 Ekim 2007, s.10; “AB: Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Tasar\u0131s\u0131na R\u00f6tu\u015f”, Radikal, 19 Nisan 2007, s.11; Sel\u00e7uk G\u00fclta\u015fl\u0131, “AB’den Ermeni \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131: Almanya’y\u0131 \u00d6rnek Al\u0131n”, Zaman, 16 Ekim 2007, s.16; Richard Cohen, “Tarih T\u00fcrk Yetkililerin Tekelinde De\u011fil”, The Washington Post, 16 Ekim 2007; Adam Schiff, “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u0130nk\u00e2r\u0131 Katmerli Cinayetle E\u015fde\u011fer”, Washington Post, 16 Ekim 2007; “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Cephesinde Derin Hesaplar”, Radikal, 19 Ekim 2007, s.9; “S\u00f6zde Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131. \u0130srail Parlamentosu Reddetti”, Cumhuriyet, 15 Mart 2007, s.10; “Yahudi Lobisi: Ermeni Tasar\u0131s\u0131na Destek Yok”, Radikal, 22 Eyl\u00fcl 2007, s.12; “ABD’li Tarih\u00e7i: \u0130svi\u00e7re Medeniyetsiz”, Cumhuriyet, 13 May\u0131s 2005, s.11.<\/p>\n

[162]<\/em><\/b> Bkz: Murat Belge, “Tarih\u00e7i”, Radikal, 9 Aral\u0131k 2006, s.13; Ahmet Aslan, “Tarih ve Tarih\u00e7ilerimiz: Yeniden D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek”, Taraf, 25 Nisan 2008, s.13; Nuri Bilgin, “Tarih ve Kolektif Belek (I)”, Toplumsal Tarih Dergisi, No:173, May\u0131s 2008, s.34-40.<\/p>\n

[163]<\/em><\/b> Cavid Veliev, “ABD’deki \u2018Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Ticareti’ Yeniden Sahnede: T\u00fcrkiye S\u0131n\u0131r Kozunu Kullanmal\u0131”, Cumhuriyet Strateji, Y\u0131l:3, No:142, 19 Mart 2007, s.23.<\/p>\n

[164]<\/em><\/b> “Ermeni Meselesi”ne dair farkl\u0131 pozisyon ve yorumlar i\u00e7in bkz: Y\u00fccel \u00d6zdemir, “Diasporan\u0131n Ermeni Sorunu”, Evrensel, 27 Nisan 2005, s.11; Murat \u0130lem, “Diasporan\u0131n \u0130stemleri”, Cumhuriyet, 21 Nisan 2005, s.10; Ara Sarafyan, “Akdamar’daki A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00d6nemini G\u00f6zard\u0131 Ettik”, Radikal, 14 Nisan 2007, s.10; Semih \u0130diz, “Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Tasar\u0131s\u0131na Ne Oldu?”, Milliyet, 22 May\u0131s 2007, s.22; Serj Sarkisyan-Arthur Ba\u011fdasaryan, “Ermenistan’\u0131n Yeni H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Diyalog Temelinde \u00c7al\u0131\u015facak”, The Washington Post, 17 Mart 2008; “T\u00fcrkiye-Ermenistan \u0130li\u015fkileri \u0130\u00e7in Umut Var”, Los Angeles Times, 25 Nisan 2008; “Ermenistan’la S\u0131cak Mesajla\u015fma”, Radikal, 28 Nisan 2008, s.9; “Sarkozy: T\u00fcrkiye Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Kabul Etse de \u00dcye Olamaz”, Cumhuriyet, 25 Nisan 2007, s.10; Vartan Oskanyan, “Fransa’n\u0131n Cesur Mesaj\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’ye V\u0131z Geldi”, International Herald Tribune, 19 Ekim 2006; Gila Benmayor, “Ermenistan ile S\u0131n\u0131r Kap\u0131s\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r m\u0131?”, H\u00fcrriyet, 21 Eyl\u00fcl 2007, s.13; Semih \u0130diz, “Ermenistan Liderini Ar\u0131yor: Diyasporay\u0131 Hem \u2018Nimet’ Hem \u2018K\u00fclfet’ G\u00f6ren Var”, Milliyet, 17 \u015eubat 2008, s.21.<\/p>\n

[165]<\/em><\/b> “Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Yasas\u0131 Kimseye Bir \u00c7\u0131kar Sa\u011flamaz”, Le Monde, 12 Ekim 2006.<\/p>\n

[166]<\/em><\/b> Michel Wieviorka, “Fransa Tarih\u00e7ilere Hakaret Ediyor”, Le Monde, 16 Ekim 2006.<\/p>\n

[167]<\/em><\/b> “Yasa, Tarih\u00e7ileri \u0130syan Ettirdi”, Cumhuriyet, 8 May\u0131s 2006, s.11.<\/p>\n

[168]<\/em><\/b> “Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Yasalar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ptal Edin”, Cumhuriyet, 16 Aral\u0131k 2005, s.6.<\/p>\n

[169]<\/em><\/b> Gabriel Garci M\u00e1rquez.<\/p>\n

[170]<\/em><\/b> Nuray Mert, “\u00dczerinden Bir Y\u0131l Ge\u00e7ti”, Radikal, 22 Ocak 2008, s.6.<\/p>\n

[171]<\/em><\/b> Taner Ak\u00e7am, “Hrant’la En Son Konu\u015ftuklar\u0131m\u0131z-1: Diyasporaya Kar\u015f\u0131 Zihniyet M\u00fccadelesi”, Radikal, 6 Mart 2007, s.11.<\/p>\n

[172]<\/em><\/b> Taner Ak\u00e7am, “Hrant’la En Son Konu\u015ftuklar\u0131m\u0131z -2: \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u0130\u00e7in Ermeni-T\u00fcrk \u0130li\u015fkilerini Normalle\u015ftirme Giri\u015fimleri \u015eart”, Radikal, 7 Mart 2007, s.13.<\/p>\n

[173]<\/em><\/b> “Prof. Dr. Taner Timur, \u20181915 ve sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkler ve Ermeniler’ ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131nda, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk\u00fc’n\u00fcn kendisini 1915’te \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131larca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bu k\u0131r\u0131mdan ay\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dikkat \u00e7eken Timur, yak\u0131n tarihimizde baz\u0131 T\u00fcrk ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n bunu bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu da belirtir ve Halide Edip Ad\u0131var’\u0131n 1915 olaylar\u0131n\u0131 \u2018T\u00fcrk’\u00fcn Ate\u015fle \u0130mtihan\u0131’ adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda \u2018Ermeni g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrmeleri ve toptan \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeler’ bi\u00e7iminde and\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131r.” (Fatih Polat, “Zarakolu Davas\u0131 ve Ermeni Sorunu”, Evrensel, 30 Kas\u0131m 2005, s.7.)<\/p>\n

[174]<\/em><\/b> Taner Ak\u00e7am, “T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u0130syan\u0131”, Radikal, 24 Ocak 2007, s.11.<\/p>\n

[175]<\/em><\/b> Kenya Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.<\/p>\n

[176]<\/em><\/b> Mahkeme savunmalar\u0131m(\u0131z) ve hukuk yaz\u0131lar\u0131(m\u0131z) 496 sayfa (Sibel \u00d6zbudun-Temel Demirer, “Hay\u0131r, Evet’ten \u00d6nce Gelir”! Hukuk(suzluk) Yaz\u0131lar\u0131, \u00dctopya Yay., May\u0131s 2008, 496 sayfa.) ya da insan hak(s\u0131zl\u0131k)lar\u0131 konusunda kaleme ald\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z 550 sayfal\u0131k (Sibel \u00d6zbudun-Temel Demirer, “S\u00f6ylenecek Yalan Kalmad\u0131” \u0130nsan Hak(s\u0131zl\u0131k)lar\u0131, \u00dctopya Yay., May\u0131s 2008, 550 sayfa.) tu\u011fla gibi kitaplar oldu; bu k\u00fclliyat daha da “zenginle\u015fece\u011fe” benzer! Her iki kitab\u0131 da savunma dosyama ekleyip, dikkatinize sunuyorum.<\/p>\n

[177]<\/em><\/b> “Son g\u00fclen, iyi g\u00fcler.” (\u0130talyan Atas\u00f6z\u00fc.)<\/p>\n

[178]<\/em><\/b> N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet, “B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130nsanl\u0131k”, 7 Ekim, Ta\u015fkent, 1958.<\/p><\/p>\n

\n
\n \n
\n \n \"Happy\"\n <\/a>\n
\n Happy <\/div>\n
\n 0<\/span>\n \n 0<\/span> %<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \"Sad\"\n <\/a>\n
\n Sad <\/div>\n
\n 0<\/span>\n 0<\/span> %<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \"Excited\"\n <\/a>\n
\n Excited <\/div>\n
\n 0<\/span>\n 0<\/span> %<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \"Sleepy\"\n <\/a>\n
\n Sleepy <\/div>\n
\n 0<\/span>\n \n 0<\/span> %<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \"Angry\"\n <\/a>\n
Angry<\/div>\n
\n 0<\/span>\n 0<\/span> %<\/span>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \"Surprise\"\n <\/a>\n
Surprise<\/div>\n
\n 0<\/span>\n 0<\/span> %<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n
Tweet<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“Ubi dubium ibi libertas.”[1] \/ Ankara 2’inci Asliye Ceza mahkemesindeki, TCK 301 ile 216. maddelerinden cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmam istendi\u011fi 6 Mart 2008 tarihli duru\u015fmadan[2] bu yana, davaya ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler oldu. Bu durumdan hareketle, dava konusu olay ve olgulara ili\u015fkin kanaatlerimi heyetinize iletmek istiyorum… TCK 301 T\u00dcLUATI “Derin olan kuyu de\u011fil k\u0131sa olan iptir.”[3] Ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede TCK […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-922","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tye"],"blocksy_meta":[],"brizy_media":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/922","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=922"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/922\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=922"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=922"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=922"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}