{"id":1297,"date":"2008-11-19T10:19:31","date_gmt":"2008-11-19T09:19:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.mehmetcanyuece.com\/2008\/11\/19\/kriz-ve-frsat-ergin-yldzoglu\/"},"modified":"2008-11-19T10:19:31","modified_gmt":"2008-11-19T09:19:31","slug":"kriz-ve-frsat-ergin-yldzoglu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/kriz-ve-frsat-ergin-yldzoglu\/","title":{"rendered":"Kriz ve f\u0131rsat – Ergin Y\u0131ld\u0131zo\u011flu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>2 Minute, 57 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>

Ba\u015fbakan hakl\u0131, krizden f\u0131rsat yarat\u0131labilir. Ama onun zannetti\u011fi gibi de\u011fil. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin deneylerinden yararlanarak \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u015feyler \u00f6nerebiliriz: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7 pazara \u00f6ncelik\u2026 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6nce, bu krizin ge\u00e7ici bir sars\u0131nt\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ihracata (\u00f6zellikle de ithal girdisiyle), i\u00e7 talebin d\u0131\u015f kaynakla finansman\u0131na dayal\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme modelinin t\u00fckendi\u011fini g\u00f6rmemiz gerekiyor. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kredi k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6nerken, bu modelde \u0131srar edildik\u00e7e hem i\u015fsizlik art\u0131yor hem de kriz sermayenin \u00fcretici kesimlerini imha ediyor. T\u00fcrkiye kapitalizminin yola devam edebilmesi i\u00e7in sanayi ve tar\u0131m modellerinin\/rejimlerinin de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekir. Yeni model \u00f6ncelikle, i\u00e7 pazar\u0131n geni\u015flemesini, g\u0131da egemenli\u011fini, \u00fclke i\u00e7i \u00fcretimin ve t\u00fcketimin desteklenmesini ama\u00e7layan \u00f6nlemleri i\u00e7ermelidir (Tayland)<\/strong>. Ancak, b\u00f6yle bir modelin \u00fclkenin d\u00fcnya ekonomisine eklemlenme bi\u00e7imlerini sorgulamas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz. Bu yeniden yap\u0131lanma, hem teknoloji hem de insan kaynaklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kendine \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir altyap\u0131y\u0131, toplumsal duyarl\u0131l\u0131klarda de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri gerektirecektir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Bunlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne alan bir proje, teknoloji, personel, k\u00fclt\u00fcr a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygun devlet kurumlar\u0131yla desteklenmelidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin DPT<\/strong> ve D\u0130E<\/strong> gibi kurumlar\u0131n yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu kurumlar (tabii ki meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131yla ileti\u015fim i\u00e7inde) yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla hangi sekt\u00f6rlerin desteklenmesi, hangilerinin terk edilmesi gerekti\u011fini, sermayenin ve eme\u011fin hangi sekt\u00f6rlerden \u00e7\u0131karak hangilerine y\u00f6nelece\u011fini saptayacak, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlere yol g\u00f6stereceklerdir (G\u00fcney Kore, \u00c7in)<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcyse \u00f6ncelikle g\u0131da \u00fcretiminin artmas\u0131n\u0131, g\u0131da egemenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan tedbirlerle desteklenmelidir. Dahas\u0131, tar\u0131msal n\u00fcfus yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, orta ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin \u00fcretkenliklerinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, buna uygun altyap\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 da, hem \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131 hem de kentle\u015fmenin yava\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derecede yararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca tar\u0131m \u00fcreticisinin k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin etkilerinden korunmas\u0131, maliyet, teknoloji, bilgi ve finansman a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan desteklenmesi de gerekecektir (Tayland)<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0131rda ve k\u00f6y topluluklar\u0131nda tar\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131 mal ve hizmet \u00fcretimi (el zanaatlar\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sanayi, \u00f6zel ihra\u00e7 edilebilir tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, turizm t\u00fcrleri) potansiyelinin de \u00f6zellikle desteklenmesi, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pazarlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olunmas\u0131 gerekir (Tayland)<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya ekonomisiyle yeniden\u2026 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr tedbirleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca, hemen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u00fcnya ekonomisine ba\u011flanma bi\u00e7imlerinin g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fi, d\u0131\u015f ticaret, d\u00f6viz rejimlerinin i\u00e7 piyasay\u0131 destekleyecek ve koruyacak bi\u00e7imde d\u00fczenlenmesinin, sermaye giri\u015f, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kurallara ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor (Malezya).<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n da, \u201cye\u015fil saha yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131yla\u201d s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131, gerekti\u011finde te\u015fvik edilmesi, ancak i\u00e7erde yeni talep, ihracat geliri yaratmak, \u00e7evre ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygunluk, kaynaklar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011finin korunmas\u0131, teknoloji transferi ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekecektir (\u00c7in).<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 da yeniden d\u00fczenlenebilir ya da bir programa ba\u011flanabilir. Bunlar olmazsa toptan veya k\u0131smen silinmesi g\u00fcndeme al\u0131nabilir (Arjantin).<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Mali sekt\u00f6rde, yabanc\u0131 pay\u0131, ba\u015fka sekt\u00f6rden gruplar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m oranlar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r (Malezya)<\/strong>. Bu yeni model, emeklilik ve sigorta fonlar\u0131n\u0131n yerelle\u015ftirilmesini i\u00e7ermelidir. Hatta emeklilik fonlar\u0131n\u0131n devlet garantisi alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 da gerekebilir (Arjantin)<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ve acil \u00f6nlemler <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7 piyasan\u0131n h\u0131zla g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir iyile\u015fme olmadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilemez. Bu ba\u011flamda, hem i\u015f yarat\u0131c\u0131 hem de sermayeye d\u0131\u015fsal ekonomiler sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 kamu harcamalar\u0131, yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u015flevsel olacakt\u0131r; emek\u00e7ilere y\u00f6nelik vergi indirimleri, kapsaml\u0131 bir i\u015fsizlik sigortas\u0131 sistemi de\u2026 <\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0131r ve kent k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticisine y\u00f6nelik vergi indirimleri, temel t\u00fcketim mal ve hizmetlerinin (e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, konut, en temel g\u0131da, enerji \u00fcr\u00fcnleri) fiyatlar\u0131na, destek hatta denetim, yoksul annelere, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitimini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme ko\u015fuluna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ek \u00f6zel mali yard\u0131mlar da \u00e7ok yararl\u0131 olabilir (Brezilya)<\/strong>. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n t\u00fcketti\u011fi mallar\u0131 \u00fcreten sekt\u00f6rlerin girdilerine destek getirmek de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Bunlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yeniden devlet m\u00fclkiyetine al\u0131nabilir. <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00f6yle bir program\u0131n kaynak sorunu, d\u0131\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin, faiz d\u0131\u015f\u0131 fazlan\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesiyle ek olarak, h\u0131zl\u0131 bir vergi reformuyla a\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanabilir. \u201cTobin vergisi\u201dne benzer bir y\u00f6ntemle mali i\u015flemler vergilenebilir b\u00f6ylece \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n vergi y\u00fck\u00fc azalt\u0131labilir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 l\u00fcks t\u00fcketime, \u00e7evre kirlenmesine y\u00f6nelik y\u00fcksek vergiler yeni kaynak yaratacakt\u0131r. En \u00fcst y\u00fczde 5\u2019lik gelir diliminden bir kereye mahsus bir vergi al\u0131nabilir, ondan sonra da \u00f6dedikleri vergiler y\u00fckseltilebilir. <\/span><\/p>\n

Bu veya benzer bir modelin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinin ilk \u015fart\u0131 modele ili\u015fkin tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n halk\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde yap\u0131lmas\u0131, medyan\u0131n ve krizden en b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar\u0131 g\u00f6recek, toplumsal dokunun h\u0131zla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131n risklerini alg\u0131layabilen sermaye kesimlerinin deste\u011finin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r (Tayland)<\/strong>. Umutlu de\u011filim ama, \u201cs\u00f6yledim ve ruhumu kurtard\u0131m\u201d…<\/span> <\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet \/ 19.11.08<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Tweet<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ba\u015fbakan hakl\u0131, krizden f\u0131rsat yarat\u0131labilir. Ama onun zannetti\u011fi gibi de\u011fil. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin deneylerinden yararlanarak \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u015feyler \u00f6nerebiliriz: \u0130\u00e7 pazara \u00f6ncelik\u2026 \u00d6nce, bu krizin ge\u00e7ici bir sars\u0131nt\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ihracata (\u00f6zellikle de ithal girdisiyle), i\u00e7 talebin d\u0131\u015f kaynakla finansman\u0131na dayal\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme modelinin t\u00fckendi\u011fini g\u00f6rmemiz gerekiyor. Kredi k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6nerken, bu modelde \u0131srar edildik\u00e7e hem i\u015fsizlik art\u0131yor hem […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tuerkiye-basn"],"blocksy_meta":[],"brizy_media":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1297"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1297\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}