{"id":1209,"date":"2008-11-12T09:41:09","date_gmt":"2008-11-12T08:41:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.mehmetcanyuece.com\/2008\/11\/12\/cumhuriyetin-her-daim-hamallar-isci-snf-yueksel-akkaya\/"},"modified":"2008-11-12T09:41:09","modified_gmt":"2008-11-12T08:41:09","slug":"cumhuriyetin-her-daim-hamallar-isci-snf-yueksel-akkaya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/cumhuriyetin-her-daim-hamallar-isci-snf-yueksel-akkaya\/","title":{"rendered":"Cumhuriyetin her daim hamallar\u0131: \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 – Y\u00fcksel Akkaya"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>7 Minute, 59 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>

1980 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bir kez daha asli g\u00f6revine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131 aratmayacak, 1960\u2019l\u0131 ve 1970\u2019li y\u0131llardaki \u201csol sapma\u201ddan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. Devlet \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yasalar\u0131 ile bunu sa\u011flarken, sermaye cephesi de i\u015fsizlik tehdidi ile bunu sa\u011flar. 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki emek piyasas\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan 1930\u2019lu, 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131 aratmayacak ac\u0131mas\u0131zl\u0131ktad\u0131r… <\/p>\n

1920\u2019li ve 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar rejimin oturtuldu\u011fu, d\u00fczenin yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi y\u0131llar olup, bu d\u00f6nemin temel \u00f6zelli\u011fi, toplumsal ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlar\u0131nda kapitalizmin yerle\u015fmesi ve geli\u015fmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde y\u00fckselen bir\u00e7ok engelin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Siyaset, hukuk, e\u011fitim, ideoloji\/k\u00fclt\u00fcr alanlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sars\u0131nt\u0131yla yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve kapitalizm \u00f6ncesi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n toplumsal bi\u00e7imleri yerini, kapitalizmin i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015febilece\u011fi bir kabu\u011fa terk etmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n

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\u0130ktisat kongresinde i\u015f\u00e7iler<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin makus talihi 1923 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda \u0130zmir\u2019de toplanan \u0130ktisat Kongresi\u2019nde belirlenmi\u015f gibidir. Rejimin belirlendi\u011fi, \u00e7\u0131kar gruplar\u0131n\u0131n isteklerinin tespit edildi\u011fi bu kongrede dile getirilen \u201cesaslar\u0131n\u201d ne zaman ve nas\u0131l hayata ge\u00e7irildi\u011fine bakmak bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin talebi olan \u201ca\u015far\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131n\u0131n hemen ertesi y\u0131l\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck gelir kayb\u0131 g\u00f6ze al\u0131narak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n iste\u011fi do\u011frultusunda ticaret h\u0131zla millile\u015ftirilmi\u015f, sanayicilerin iste\u011fi do\u011frultusunda 1927 ve izleyen y\u0131llarda sanayi te\u015fvik edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilere gelince. Onlar\u0131n taleplerinin yerine getirilmesi bir yana, Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde olamayan yasaklarla da kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Zira onlara reva g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, daha \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak; Cumhuriyet\u2019in hamallar\u0131 olmak\u2026 Zenginli\u011fin kayna\u011f\u0131 olmak!… Oysa, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin beklentisi farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilan\u0131ndan \u00f6nce toplanm\u0131\u015f olan ve ilk kez genel d\u00fczeyde i\u015f\u00e7ilerin durumunu ele alan \u0130zmir \u0130ktisat Kongresi\u2019nde i\u015f\u00e7iler \u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7i Grubunun Esaslar\u0131\u201d olarak d\u00fczenlemelerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmektedir. Toplam 34 maddeden olu\u015fan bu \u201cEsaslar\u201dda, ulusal d\u00fczeyde, i\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a ilerici ve k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde dile getirilmektedir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Grubu, Kongre\u2019de, sendika hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131, 1909 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen Tatil-i E\u015fgal Kanunu\u2019nun yeniden i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hakk\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mak \u00fczere g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilip, d\u00fczenlenmesi, g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinin sekiz saat ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131, kad\u0131nlara do\u011fum izni verilmesi, hafta tatili hakk\u0131 ve y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fccretli izin hakk\u0131 verilmesi gibi olduk\u00e7a ileri taleplerde bulunmu\u015ftur. Ne ver ki, sosyal politika alan\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeleri \u00f6ng\u00f6ren \u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7i Grubu Esaslar\u0131\u201dn\u0131n yasal d\u00fczenlemeleri ve uygulan\u0131\u015f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a uzun bir zaman alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ku\u015fkusuz, bu gecikmede, Cumhuriyet\u2019in kurucular\u0131n\u0131n ve y\u00f6netici kadrolar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131flara bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in sanayile\u015fme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 1936 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar bireysel i\u015f ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczenleyecek bir \u0130\u015f Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaz. 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen \u0130\u015f Kanunu, 1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girer, ancak koruyucu h\u00fck\u00fcmleri II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 nedeni ile Milli Korunma Kanunu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ask\u0131ya al\u0131n\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki, 1947 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren kurulan sendikalar\u0131n temel m\u00fccadele alanlar\u0131ndan biri \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun uygulanmas\u0131 oldu! Denilebilir ki, Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilk \u0130\u015f Kanunu, \u00f6l\u00fc bir \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019dur. \u00dcstelik Kanun b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7ileri de kapsamamakta, 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda bile i\u015f\u00e7i olarak kabul edileceklerin yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7te birini kapsam\u0131na alabilmekteydi. \u00d6te yandan, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fundan devral\u0131nan Tatil-\u0130 E\u015fgal Kanunu ise 1947 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kal\u0131r ve sendika yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr, ancak bu yasan\u0131n bir uzla\u015fma s\u00fcrecinden sonra uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k halinde greve gitmeyi serbest b\u0131rakan d\u00fczenlemesi 1936 \u0130\u015f Kanunu ile kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, grev yasa\u011f\u0131 getirilir. Ekonomi alan\u0131nda devlet\u00e7ilik politikas\u0131n\u0131n benimsenmesi, sanayile\u015fme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sermaye birikiminin sorunsuz elde edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131; siyasal ya\u015famda ise s\u0131n\u0131f sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme \u00e7arelerinin aranmas\u0131, ulusun t\u00fcm bireylerini kucaklayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilen tek-partili otoriter bir rejimin s\u00fcrmesi, devleti \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131 ve ili\u015fkilerinin tek d\u00fczenleyici ve otoriter akt\u00f6r\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/p>\n

Sendikalar\u0131n do\u011fu\u015fu <\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirecek bir de ideolojiye ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131. Kadro Dergisi, h\u0131zla bu bo\u015flu\u011fu doldurmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Kadro Dergisi, ideolojisini s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ve s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin yoklu\u011fu \u00fczerine in\u015fa etti. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Cumhuriyet kadrosunun s\u0131\u011f ideolojisinde s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131zl\u0131k tezi \u00f6nemli bir yer almaktayd\u0131, bu tezin i\u00e7eri\u011finin doldurulmas\u0131 gerekiyordu yasak\u00e7\u0131 ve bask\u0131c\u0131 ideoloji ve uygulama, i\u015f\u00e7ileri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczenleyecek kurallar\u0131n \u00fcretilmesini devletten bekler bir tutum i\u00e7ine sokmu\u015ftur. Bu nedenle, \u00fcretilen ve \u00fcretilmek istenen kurallar, ola\u011fan bir evrim s\u00fcreci i\u00e7inde sistemin akt\u00f6rleri aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimlerin sonucunda do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f; gerek \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan yasalar gerekse haz\u0131rlanan tasar\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015fl\u0131ca rol devlete d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. S\u0131n\u0131f ideolojisinin k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fcn kaz\u0131nmak istendi\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen yasalar\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011finin \u201crejim yasalar\u0131\u201d olmas\u0131 bu nedenle s\u00fcrpriz say\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Ku\u015fkusuz, 1946 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrecek olan 1938 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Cemiyetler Kanunu\u2019ndaki de\u011fi\u015fiklik ile s\u0131n\u0131f esas\u0131na dayal\u0131 dernek kurman\u0131n yasaklanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 da bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyada esen \u201cdemokrasi r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar\u0131\u201d T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi de etkiler, bir sendikalar yasas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. Bu ihtiyac\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 \u201csendikalar\u0131n h\u00fcr bir geli\u015fmeye kavu\u015fabilmeleri ve memlekette kendilerinden beklenen hizmetleri hakk\u0131yla g\u00f6rebilmeleri i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc siyasi cereyan ve tesirlerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmalar\u0131 zaruri\u201dyeti ile rejimin \u201cmilliyet\u00e7i karakterine uygun olarak sendikalar\u0131n da milli te\u015fekk\u00fcller olduklar\u0131 ve milliyet\u00e7i bir zihniyetle \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaklar\u0131\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesidir. D\u00f6nemin \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bakan\u0131 S. Irmak \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yak\u0131\u015facak ve T\u00fcrk rejiminin h\u00fcrriyet zihniyetine yak\u0131\u015facak olan\u201d sendika tipinin \u201cdevletle beraber\u201d olan, \u201cmilli karakterli\u201d sendika tipi oldu\u011funu belirtirken 1908\u2019den 1947\u2019ye kadar ge\u00e7en zaman diliminde i\u015f\u00e7ilere bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fini de g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00c7ok partili d\u00f6nemde i\u015f\u00e7ilere bak\u0131\u015fta de\u011fi\u015fen \u00e7ok \u015fey olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Demokrat Parti\u2019nin, Tek-parti y\u00f6netimi d\u00f6neminin siyasal ideolojisine g\u00f6re haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan, \u0130\u015f Kanunu ve Sendikalar Kanunu sistemini aynen benimasmesi bir \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemden kopu\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temel g\u00f6stergeleri olarak kabul edilebilir. Demokrat Parti\u2019nin bireysel i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde hafta tatili, \u00f6\u011fle dinlenmesi, \u00fccretli y\u0131ll\u0131k izin gibi alanlarda i\u015f\u00e7iler lehine \u00f6nemli yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f olmas\u0131 bu ger\u00e7e\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirmez. <\/p>\n

1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar ve 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar i\u015f\u00e7ilerin m\u00fccadelesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yasaklara ra\u011fmen \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7abalar\u0131, grev giri\u015fimlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ihmal edilmeyecek kadar ba\u015fka \u201cdireni\u015f\u201d bi\u00e7imlerini de i\u00e7erir. Uzun s\u00fcreli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmama, s\u0131k s\u0131k i\u015f de\u011fi\u015ftirme, i\u015fi terk etme bilinen en yayg\u0131n y\u00f6ntemlerden biridir. Bu direni\u015f bi\u00e7imi bir bak\u0131ma i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fmeye kar\u015f\u0131 direni\u015ftir de. \u00d6zellikle 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda kamu kesiminde y\u00fczde 90\u2019lara, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde y\u00fczde 70\u2019lere varan i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc devir h\u0131z\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fin ne kadar \u00e7ekilmez bir meslek oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu d\u00f6nem i\u015f\u00e7i olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmak istenenler, sermaye birikim s\u00fcrecinde kendilerine bi\u00e7ilmi\u015f olan hamall\u0131k rol\u00fcn\u00fc adeta reddetmekte, bu s\u00fcrece i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fmeyerek direnmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Zira bu d\u00f6nem \u00fccretler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcreleri uzun, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131r. \u00dcstelik ciddi bir de bar\u0131nma ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kamu kesiminde i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fmeyi te\u015fvik edici bir\u00e7ok politikaya ra\u011fmen 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fmeyi reddederek bu s\u00fcrece direnirler. S\u0131k s\u0131k hastalanmak, i\u015fe ge\u00e7 gelmek, ustay\u0131, \u015fefi, m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc tehdit etmek, onlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fiddet uygulamaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmamak direni\u015fin bir ba\u015fka g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmeyecek bi\u00e7imleridir. <\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet T\u00fcrkiyesinin 1923-1960 d\u00f6neminin belirgin \u00f6zelliklerinden biri, kendisi de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015fverene d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen devletin, bireysel i\u015f\u00e7i-i\u015fveren ili\u015fkileri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan paternalist bir devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 benimasmesi iken di\u011feri de toplu i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde yasaklay\u0131c\u0131, devlet m\u00fcdahalecili\u011fini \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde tutan otoriter bir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n benimsenmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6nem boyunca \u00f6nce sendikalar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir e\u011filim ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, daha sonra izin verilen sendikalar\u0131n devletin s\u0131k\u0131 bir denetimi ve g\u00f6zetimi alt\u0131nda tutularak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 devletin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na bak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kayg\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6steren temel bir \u00f6zellik olmaktad\u0131r: \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 g\u00fcvenilmezdir, s\u00fcrekli potansiyel bir tehlike ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r; bu nedenle kontrol alt\u0131nda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

\u0130thal ikameci, i\u00e7 pazara y\u00f6nelik \u00fcretimin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 1960\u2019l\u0131 ve 1970\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n daha \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc\u201d ortam\u0131nda bireysel ve toplu i\u015f ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczenleyen yasalardaki otoriter ve yasaklay\u0131c\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n t\u00f6rp\u00fclenmi\u015f, biraz yumu\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, Cumhuriyet T\u00fcrkiyesi\u2019nin i\u015f\u00e7ilere bak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmasa bile yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Hem sermaye birikiminin hem de t\u00fcketimin \u00f6nemli ara\u00e7lar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr i\u015f\u00e7iler. \u0130\u00e7 pazara y\u00f6nelik \u00fcretimin anlaml\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretlerinin de art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu gereklilik, devleti ve sermayeyi i\u015f\u00e7ilere kar\u015f\u0131 daha \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc\u201d bir yerde durmaya zorlar. \u00d6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de devlet sahneden \u00e7ekilirken, alandaki m\u00fccadeleyi \u201ctaraflara\u201d b\u0131rak\u0131r. Ancak sahnenin b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sermaye cephesi i\u015f\u00e7ilerden daha h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket ederek, devletin \u201cgeri \u00e7ekildi\u011fi\u201d bu alandaki bo\u015flu\u011fu dolduracakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n

1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar boyunca, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bilin\u00e7 d\u00fczeyi ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc m\u00fccadelesi y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e, sermaye cephesi i\u015fyerlerindeki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 daha genel bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in devletin yeniden etkin rol oynamas\u0131n\u0131 istemekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmayacakt\u0131r. Devletin denetim ve kontrol\u00fcnden s\u0131yr\u0131lmaya ba\u015flayan, kendi ayaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde durmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenen, 15-16 Haziran Ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ile bunu ispat eden i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n mutlaka k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgilerin i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekilmesi gerekiyordu. 12 Mart Darbesi ile bunu bir par\u00e7a ba\u015faran sermaye cephesi, 1976 1 May\u0131s\u2019\u0131ndan sonra daha radikalle\u015fmi\u015f, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 sert m\u00fcdahalelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 1977 1 May\u0131s\u2019\u0131 bu s\u00fcrecin de\u011fi\u015fimindeki en keskin a\u015famalardan biridir. 1980 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar artarak s\u00fcren \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma devleti bir kez daha otoriter yan\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye ve yasak\u00e7\u0131 zihniyetini ortaya koymaya, k\u0131sacas\u0131 tarihi rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynamaya \u201czorlar\u201d. 1980\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ve sonras\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenlemeleri i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilmez oldu\u011fu, bu nedenle s\u00fcrekli denetlenmesi ve kontrol alt\u0131nda tutulmas\u0131 gere\u011finin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilere bak\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fmedi<\/strong> <\/p>\n

1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda toplu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ili\u015fkileri d\u00fczenlenirken, i\u015fin do\u011fas\u0131na uygun olarak daha g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz, etkisiz bir sendikac\u0131l\u0131k; daralt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f toplu pazarl\u0131k ve olanaks\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f grev uygulamalar\u0131 benimsenmi\u015fti. \u00d6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7indir ki bug\u00fcn baz\u0131 istisnalar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda gidilen az say\u0131daki grev i\u015fverenin istedi\u011fi zaman ba\u015flamakta, istedi\u011fi zaman bitmektedir. Asl\u0131nda bir ba\u015fka anlat\u0131mla grevlerin bir\u00e7o\u011fu d\u00fcped\u00fcz lokavt \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na kadar bireysel i\u015f hukuku alan\u0131nda d\u00fczenlemeye ihtiya\u00e7 duymayanlar, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc art\u0131rmak, i\u015fyerlerine hapishanelere \u00e7evirmek i\u00e7in 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun mutlaka de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011finin fark\u0131ndayd\u0131lar. Gere\u011fini de yapt\u0131lar. Verimlilik, \u00fcretkenlik artarken, k\u00e2r oranlar\u0131 y\u00fckselirken i\u015f\u00e7iler bir kez daha makus talihlerinin yoksulluk oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fcler. <\/p>\n

1980 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem tarihsel a\u00e7\u0131dan i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bir kez daha asli g\u00f6revine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131 aratmayacak, 1960\u2019l\u0131 ve 1970\u2019li y\u0131llardaki \u201csol sapma\u201ddan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. Devlet \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yasalar\u0131 ile bunu sa\u011flarken, sermaye cephesi de yoksulluk ve i\u015fsizlik tehdidi ile bunu sa\u011flar. \u00d6yle ki 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki emek piyasas\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan 1930\u2019lu, 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131 aratmayacak kadar ac\u0131mas\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00dcstelik bu kez sermaye cephesi i\u015fletme disiplini ile i\u015f\u00e7ileri daha etkisiz hale getirmenin, i\u00e7iler \u00fczerindeki hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131 peki\u015ftirmenin ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da \u00e7o\u011faltm\u0131\u015f ve daha da etkin k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u0131sacas\u0131 Cumhuriyet\u2019in kurulu\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131ndaki bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnde fazla de\u011fi\u015fiklikler olmadan bug\u00fcn de \u201ck\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin\u201d bir gere\u011fi olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Bundan do\u011fal bir \u015fey olmasa gerek. S\u0131n\u0131fsal konumu belli olan bir Cumhuriyet, elbette politikalar\u0131n\u0131 da bu y\u00f6nde belirleyecektir: k\u00e2r oranlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak, k\u00e2r alanlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmek, sermaye birikiminin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engelleri kald\u0131rmak. B\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de Cumhuriyetin i\u015f\u00e7ilerine verilen g\u00f6rev bu nedenle aradan ge\u00e7en 85 y\u0131la ra\u011fmen de\u011fi\u015fmeyecektir. Peki, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bunu de\u011fi\u015ftirecek g\u00fcc\u00fc olacak m\u0131d\u0131r? Tarih hep ders verici olurken, zaman da en iyi \u00f6\u011fretici olmu\u015ftur. Sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131 buradad\u0131r. <\/p>\n

Birg\u00fcn \/ 10.11.08<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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1980 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nem i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bir kez daha asli g\u00f6revine d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar\u0131 aratmayacak, 1960\u2019l\u0131 ve 1970\u2019li y\u0131llardaki \u201csol sapma\u201ddan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. Devlet \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yasalar\u0131 ile bunu sa\u011flarken, sermaye cephesi de i\u015fsizlik tehdidi ile bunu sa\u011flar. 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki emek piyasas\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan 1930\u2019lu, 1940\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131 aratmayacak ac\u0131mas\u0131zl\u0131ktad\u0131r… 1920\u2019li ve 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llar rejimin oturtuldu\u011fu, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sol-basn"],"blocksy_meta":[],"brizy_media":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1209"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1209\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1209"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcanyuce.net\/eski\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}